Navin+&+Naima

=Negative= 2NRs rd 2: NEPA w/ environmental justice net benefit (Vs. New Orleans Aff) rd 3: Cap K (vs port dredging)

=Affirmative=

First, transportation infrastructure is financed in one of two ways – through the general fund, or through increased revenue
ARTBA 10 (American Road and Transportation Builders Association to the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform “The Contribution of the Federal Transportation Investment Programs to Fiscal Responsibility and Deficit Reduction,” pg online @ [] //um-ef)

Transportation Investment and User Financing When Congress ....... fuels excise increase to finance an expanded transportation improvements.

Second, Congress just passed a MASSIVE transportation bill – it should have triggered your disads, but didn’t fix the Highway Trust Fund
Snyder 6/26 (Tanya Snyder became Streetsblog's Capitol Hill editor in September 2010 after covering Congress for Pacifica and public radio. She lives car-free in a transit-oriented and bike-friendly neighborhood of Washington, DC., pg online @ [] //um-ef) Congress ional leaders announced opaquely....... complicated math just to avoid raising the gas tax.

Plan
====__Thus the Plan__: The United States federal government should increase the federal excise tax rate and phase-in a price floor and variable tax on gasoline for highway and bridge transportation infrastructure in the United States.====

First, current Federal Energy Strategies fail – they impose market distortions, and ineffective constraints on private industry
Turgeon 10 (Evan N. Turgeon, Legal Associate at the Cato Institute; J.D.University of Virginia School of Law 2009; B.A. Tufts University 2004, “Triple-Dividends: Toward Pigovian Gasoline Taxation,” Journal of Land, Resources, & Envir onmental Law 2010, pg lexis//um-ef) The U nited S tates ' current energy policies...... Regulators thus dump the true cost of government policies on the private sector, creating the illusion of good government "as they impoverish society as a whole." n44

That guts U.S. Foreign Policy strategy – they ensure ineffective diplomatic leverage and lack of legitimacy
Turgeon 10 (Evan N. Turgeon, Legal Associate at the Cato Institute; J.D.University of Virginia School of Law 2009; B.A. Tufts University 2004, “Triple-Dividends: Toward Pigovian Gasoline Taxation,” Journal of Land, Resources, & Envir onmental Law 2010, pg lexis//um-ef) C. Foreign Policy Detriment In 1828,........ interests may result.

That lack of legitimacy ensures Nuclear and CBW War
Dr. Barlow 2 (Jeffrey, March, Director of the Berglund Center for Internet Studies, holds the Matsushita Chair of Asian Studies at Pacific University, Ph.D. in history from UC Berkeley, 2K2, “American Power, Globalism, and the Internet: Editorial Essay”, The Journal of Education, Community and Values, http://bcis.pacificu.edu/journal/2002/03/editorial.php#6) Much of Nye’s analysis is intended to make a ......., both domestic and international

Multilat led by the US prevents multiple triggers for conflict and destruction
Dr. Zakaria 8 (Fareed, Ph.D. in Government from Harvard University, & editor of Foreign Affairs magazine & Newsweek Internationa & professor of IR and political philosophy at Harvard and Columbia University, “Wanted: A New Grand Strategy”, 12/8/08, [] ) The "Global Trends " report .....This is his moment. He should seize it.

And, specifically new CAFE regulations are coming –
Greene 6/28 (Michael, “34.1 MPG CAFE Standards for 2016 Upheld by U.S. Court of Appeals” http://www.treehugger.com/cars/341-mpg-cafe-standards-2016-upheld-us-court-appeals.html//HH) The 2012-2016 ...... The can then figure out what solution works best.

They’ll collapse job growth and the Auto Sector
Brownfield 11 (Mike, “How Will Obama’s EPA Regulations Affect the Auto Industry?”, http://www.askheritage.org/how-will-obamas-epa-regulations-affect-the-auto-industry//HH)

Say goodbye to cars and trucks ...... to 10 times that many serious injuries.”

Auto industry is key to the economy – multiplier effect
AP, ’12 (4/3/12, http://www.ohio.com/business/u-s-automakers-post-best-monthly-sales-since-2007-1.291157, JD)

If car sales stay at the same rate as March, they ..... navigation systems, Toprak said.

And, a weak economy causes conflict – all empirical analysis goes our way
Royal 10 – Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, (Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215) Less intuitive is how periods of ..... considered ancillary to those views.

The plan kills CAFÉ Standards
Krauthammer 9 (Charles, American Pulitzer Prize–winning syndicated columnist, political commentator, and physician, McGill University degree in political science and economics, Commonwealth Scholar in politics at Balliol College, Oxford, Doctor of Medicine from Harvard Medical School “The Net-Zero Gas Tax; A once-in-a-generation chance,” pg lexis//um-ef)// // So why even think about it? Because ....... . foreign policy and re-energizes U.S. Diplomacy// // Turgeon 10 (Evan N. Turgeon, Legal Associate at the Cato Institute; J.D.University of Virginia School of Law 2009; B.A. Tufts University 2004, “Triple-Dividends: Toward Pigovian Gasoline Taxation,” Journal of Land, Resources, & Envir onmental Law 2010, pg lexis//um-ef) Significantly increasing federal taxes on ...... the sword; it is cheaper to use.

Manufacturing is on steep decline – will take the U.S. economy with it – new action is key
Nash-Hoff 12 (“American Manufacturing Has Declined More Than Most Experts Have Thought,” 3/28/12 pg online @ [] //um-ef) A new report released by the Information Technology ........ actually done by foreign workers.

And, surface transportation investment is __CRITICAL__ to U.S. Manufacturing – props up dependent industries
Hermann 11 (Andrew Herrmann, P.E. SECB, F.ASCE President American Society of Civil Engineers, Impact Of Infrastructure Investment On The Manufacturing Sector, pg lexis//um-ef) ASCE commends the Joint Economic Committee for holding a hearing today on how ...... : Increase federal leadership in infrastructure;

Highway investment uniquely key – ensures long term growth
AISI 12 (American Iron and Steel Institute, “AISI Public Policy Priorities – Promoting a Pro-Manufacturing Agenda,” pg online @ [|http://www.steel.org/en/Public%20Policy/~/media/Files/AISI/Public%20Policy/Agenda/AISI2012PublicPolicyAgenda%20_%20Final%20020212.ashx] //um-ef) Transportation and Water Infrastructure Background. ..... reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) and research on improved gas mileage;

Manufacturing is key to advanced manufacturing and R&D
Lind 12 (Michael Lind is policy director of New America’s Economic Growth Program and a co-founder of the New America Foundation. Joshua Freedman is a program associate in New America’s Economic Growth Program. “Value Added: America’s Manufacturing Future,” pg online @ http://growth.newamerica.net/sites/newamerica.net/files/policydocs/Lind,%20Michael%20and%20Freedman,%20Joshua%20-%20NAF%20-%20Value%20Added%20America%27s%20Manufacturing%20Future.pdf //um-ef) Manufacturing, R&D and the U.S. Innovation Ecosystem Perhaps the ...... from 20-30 percent in 2007 to 50 percent by 2020.33

Independently, that innovation solves great power wars
Taylor 4 (Mark, Professor of Political Science – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “The Politics of Technological Change: International Relations versus Domestic Institutions”, 4-1, http://www.scribd.com/doc/46554792/Taylor) Tech nological innovation is of central ....... communication, production, and war, international systems would not exist in the first place

a. Manufacturing is key to tech necessary for deterrence
O’Hanlon et al 12 (Mackenzie Eaglen, American Enterprise Institute Rebecca Grant, IRIS Research Robert P. Haffa, Haffa Defense Consulting Michael O'Hanlon, The Brookings Institution Peter W. Singer, The Brookings Institution Martin Sullivan, Commonwealth Consulting Barry Watts, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments “The Arsenal of Democracy and How to Preserve It: Key Issues in Defense Industrial Policy January 2012,” pg online @ [|http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2012/1/26%20defense%20industrial%20base/0126_defense_industrial_base_ohanlon] //um-ef) The current wave of defense....... in a globalized marketplace.

b. Advanced manufacturing technology will make war IMPOSSIBLE
Paone 9 (Chuck, 66th Air Base Wing Public Affairs for the US Air Force, 8-10-09, “Technology convergence could prevent war, futurist says,” http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123162500) The convergence of "exponentially advancing tech nologies" ......, even if people don't know it.

First, the deficit is unsustainable – now is key
Council on Foreign Relations 3/2 /12 (“U.S. Deficits and the National Debt,” pg online @ [] //um-ef) At some point in the not-too-distant future, ...... active U.S. foreign policy ," he says.

Only new revenue solves
ARTBA 10 (American Road and Transportation Builders Association to the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform “The Contribution of the Federal Transportation Investment Programs to Fiscal Responsibility and Deficit Reduction,” pg online @ [] //um-ef) For more than 50 years, the federal highway, ..... responsible and budget-neutral user taxes and levies.

The plan’s revenue is uniquely key
Washington Post 3/7 (“A fiscal test for Congress,” pg lexis//um-ef) Over the past year, many Republicans and ...... "the most predictable economic crisis in history "?

Debt crisis kills US-China relations
Prasad 2/25 (Eswar, Eswar Prasad holds the New Century Chair in International Economics. He is the Tolani Senior Professor of Trade Policy at Cornell University and a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. He was previously head of the Financial Studies Division and the China Division at the IMF, “The U.S.-China Economic Relationship: Shifts and Twists in the Balance of Power,” pg online @ [] //um-ef) The lopsided nature of trade and financial ........ monetary system and tackling climate change.

Multiple Scenarios for Extinction
China's development needs a peaceful ........ relationship with a strategic perspective
 * Zhou 4 **– [, PRC Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2-7-4 Wenzhong, “Vigorously Pushing Forward the Constructive and Cooperative Relationship Between China and the United States,” []]

The plan solves – signals renewable energy development and creates new revenue
Abelkop 9 (Adam, J.D., University of Iowa College of Law, 2010; B.A., Wake Forest University, PHd Student @ Univ of Indiana, “Why the Government Should Drink Your Milkshake: The Case for Restructuring the Federal Gas Tax,” The Journal of Corporation Law Winter, 2009, 35 Iowa J. Corp. L. 393 pg lexis//um-ef) Congress should enact legislation ..... but should be allocated as the government deems appropriate.