Jacob+&+Josh

=Economy Advantage – 1AC=


 * Contention one is the __economy__**


 * Two internal links –**


 * First is consumer energy costs**

McCown 12 Debra, 5-22, “Coal Leaders Looking Toward Presidential Election,” Hispanic Business, http://www.hispanicbusiness.com/news/newsbyid.asp?idx=284541&page=1&cat=&more= "I would submit to you that ...  the regulations ," he said.
 * Regulations are already in place and more are likely – they threaten the viability of the coal industry**

EPA 10 – US Environmental Protection Agency “Report of the Interagency Task Force on Carbon Capture and Storage,” http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/downloads/CCS-Task-Force-Report-2010.pdf While **CCS ** can be applied to ...  creation of new tech nologies for export.
 * Carbon sequestration is __vital__ to avert negative economic consequences of carbon regulations**

Romm 8 – Senior Fellow at American Progress (10-21-08, Joseph, "High Hopes for Clean Coal?," http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/heat/themes/cleancoal.html)//JK **There are **  only //two futures...//p building coal plants.
 * The choice is CCS or the destruction of the entire coal industry**

Zarraby 12 - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012 Cyrus, “Note: Regulating Carbon Capture ... ** with electricity generation **.
 * Having coal as a utility option is key – any alternative drastically increases consumer energy costs**

Rose and Wei 6 - * Professor of Energy, Environmental and Regional Economics, **Graduate Assistant in the Department of Geography at the Pennsylvania State University Adam and Dan, “The Economic Impacts ... throughout the U.S. economy.
 * That __collapses__ the economy**


 * Second is stimulus**

ACCCE 11 American Coalition for Clean Coal Energy, “American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity,” http://www.compasscoal.com/blog/ The United States continues to ... //for every dollar// **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> the government invests **.
 * The plan is key**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Applebaum 12 - *PhD, Professor @ Rutgers, senior economist at the Center for Economic and Policy Research Eileen, 4-27, “Blame Budget Austerity for Poor GDP Growth,” http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/economic-intelligence/2012/04/27/blame-budget-austerity-for-poor-gdp-growth <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">As the Obama administration's 2009 ... **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The lesson should not be lost on America ** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 8pt;">'s political leaders.
 * That’s key to __faster growth__**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Boushey 11 is a senior economist at the Center for American Progress (Heather “Government Spending is Just What Our Economy Needs” USnews.com Nov. 11 http://www.usnews.com/debate-club/does-stimulus-spending-work/government-spending-is-just-what-our-economy-needs)//BM Our nation's economy is approaching a precipice. ... Congress just needs to act.
 * Stimulus will generate enough demand to boost the economy**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Green, 12 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 8pt;">– Broker, Economics @ Santa Barbra, As Editor/Publisher of Popular Economics (Harlan, “Where is the Inflation” Feb 15, http://populareconomicsweekly.blogspot.com/2012/02/where-is-inflation.html)//AH If we would listen t... much hiring from them.
 * Deficit spending doesn’t lead to inflation, austerity does**

According to Keynesian ..., or infrastructure projects.
 * Lack of consumer spending results in crisis**
 * de Rugy*** and Mitchell** **11** *a senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. Her primary research interests include the U.S. economy **a senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. His primary research interests include economic freedom and economic growth, government spending, state and local fiscal policy, public choice, and institutional economics. (Veronique and Mathew " WOULD MORE INFRASTRUCTURE SPENDING STIMULATE THE ECONOMY?" Mercatus Center George Mason University September 2011 [|http://mercatus.org/sites/default/files/publication/infrastructure_deRugy_WP_9-12-11.pdf)//BM]

What do these trends mean in the ... __coalesce into a big bang__.
 * Nuclear war**
 * Auslin, 9** — Resident Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute (Michael, “The Global Economy Unravels”, Forbes, 3/6/2009, http://www.aei.org/article/100187)

Less intuitive is how __periods of ...__ ancillary to those views.
 * Strong __statistical support__ proves our argument**
 * Royal, 10** — Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense (Jedediah, “Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises?”, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215, 2010)

But the **...** __at a time of economic crisis__.
 * Economic collapse kills primacy**
 * Bandow 8** 10/11, *Doug Bandow is a senior fellow at the Cato Institute, specializing in foreign policy and civil liberties, “Economic Collapse: The Financial Death of the US Empire,” http://original.antiwar.com/doug-bandow/2008/10/10/economic-collapse-the-financial-death-of-the-us-empire/, AJ

__History shows that world orders, ...__ American order came into being.
 * Hegemony solves conflict---their defense doesn’t apply**
 * Kagan 12** 2/11, *Robert Kagan: Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy, Center on the United States and Europe for The New Republic, “Why the World Needs America,” http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203646004577213262856669448.html, AJ

Events in Libya are a further reminder for __...__ in the geometry to come.
 * And hegemony has __reduced violence__ – prefer __statistics__**
 * Barnett, 11** [Thomas P.M. Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor in the Warfare Analysis & Research Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, U.S. Naval War College American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat., worked as the Assistant for Strategic Futures in the Office of Force Transformation in the Department of Defense, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” March 7 http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads]

Zalmay Khalilzad was the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992. "The Economy and National Security" Feb 8 www.nationalreview.com/blogs/print/259024 Today, __economic__ and fiscal __trends pose...__ in their regions.
 * Independent __slow growth__ impact**
 * Khalilzad 11** **– PhD, Former Professor of Political Science @ Columbia, Former ambassador to Iraq and Afghanistan**

=Warming Advantage – 1AC=


 * Contention two is __warming__**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Anderegg et al 10 – PhD Candidate @ Stanford in Biology William, “Expert credibility in climate change,” National Academy of Sciences, p. 12107-12109 Preliminary reviews of scientific ... **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">anthropogenic climate change **.
 * It’s __real__ and __anthropogenic__**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Warming is __real__ and will become __irreversible__ – leads to __political instability__ and __nuclear escalation__ <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Kaku 11 Michio Kaku, co-creator of string field theory, a branch of string theory. He received a B.S. (summa cum laude) from Harvard University in 1968 where he came first in his physics class. He went on to the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley and received a Ph.D. in 1972. In 1973, he held a lectureship at Princeton University. Michio continues Einstein’s search for a “Theory of Everything,” seeking to unify the four fundamental forces of the universe—the strong force, the weak force, gravity and electromagnetism. He is the author of several scholarly, Ph.D. level textbooks and has had more than 70 articles published in physics journals, covering topics such as superstring theory, supergravity, supersymmetry, and hadronic physics. Professor of Physics — He holds the Henry Semat Chair and Professorship in theoretical physics at the City College of New York, where he has taught for over 25 years. He has also been a visiting professor at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, as well as New York University (NYU). “Physics of the Future” http://213.55.83.52/ebooks/physics/Physics%20of%20the%20Future.pdf Accessed 6/26/12 BJM
 * __It is__** now **__indisputable that__** the **__...__**, __causing__ a __runaway__ cycle of global __warming.__

__The world’s oceans may ...____**recipe for mass extinction**.__
 * The impact is __extinction__**
 * Romm, 12** (Joe Romm is a Fellow at American Progress and is the editor of Climate Progress, “Science: Ocean Acidifying So Fast It Threatens Humanity’s Ability to Feed Itself,” 3/2/2012, http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2012/03/02/436193/science-ocean-acidifying-so-fast-it-threatens-humanity-ability-to-feed-itself/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+climateprogre)

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 11pt;">Any risk means you __vote aff__ <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Strom, Professor of planetary sciences @ U of Arizona, <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2007 (Robert studied climate change for 15 years, the former Director of the Space Imagery Center, a NASA Regional Planetary Image Facility, "Hot House", SpringerLink, p. 123) __<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">There is __ <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 8pt;"> also the __<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">danger ____<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> of __ <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 8pt;"> ... **__would be insane not to act__**.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Zarraby 12 - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012 Cyrus, “Note: ...<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">network of CO<2> pipelines.
 * There is a tangible impact to any delay**


 * Two internal links –**


 * First is natural gas**

But even without ... __are required____.__
 * Uncertainty in coal is causing a __shift__ to natural gas – both are __zero-sum__**
 * Weiss 10** - Senior Fellow and the Director of Climate Strategy at American Progress (Daniel, “Efforts to Save Coal Could End Up Destroying It,” Center for American Progress, [])

Matthew, “Crossing the Natural Gas Bridge,” CSIS, [] These conclusions ... other technology assumptions).
 * And the plan __collapses demand__ for natural gas**
 * Frank et al 09** - research associate in the CSIS Energy and National Security Program

__Natural gas obtained through "...__ means that fracking could provide a significant kick to global warming in the near term.
 * That solves warming**
 * Mims 11 **Environmental News and Commentary Reporter (Christopher, April 21, 2011, “Natural gas from fracking is worse for climate than coal, says new study,” [|http://grist.org/list/2011-04-11-natural-gas-from-fracking-is-worse-for-climate-than-coal-says-ne/)//DR]. H


 * Second is sequestration**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Mack and Endemann 10 - *partner in the Houston office and global Chair of the Environmental Transactional Support Practice, provides over 25 years of experience advising on the transactional, environmental and regulatory issues associated with all sectors of the oil and gas industry, power (including both fossil and renewable energy), mining and chemical industries in the United States and abroad, in addition to the development, financing and entitlements for telecommunications and other industrial and public infrastructure facilities in the United States and offshore, **JD, Faculty @ USD Law, provides comprehensive environmental counseling on energy and infrastructure projects, and represents clients in related litigation Joel and Buck, “Making carbon dioxide sequestration feasible: Toward federal regulation of CO2 sequestration pipelines,” Energy Policy, http://lw.com/upload/pubContent/_pdf/pub3385_1.pdf <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 8pt;">At present, approximately <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">50% of the...from global climate change. 8
 * It’s key**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Rogers 7 - *CEO of Duke Energy James, “SENATE ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE,” http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Files.View&FileStore_id=96b0a903-32fc-47f8-9a36-b4ddd9805e2b Carbon capture and storage ( **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">CCS ** ) for ... <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> respond to the climate problem __.__
 * CCS solves and __immediate action__ is necessary**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">MIT 7 Interdisciplinary Study, The Future of Coal, http://web.mit.edu/coal/ Washington, DC – Leading <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">... should be greatly enhanced.
 * The plan is key to __convincing the world__ that emissions can be cut __without economic cost__**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Apt et al 7 – PhD in Physics @ MIT, Professor of Technology, Tepper School of Business and Engineering and Public Policy Jay, “Incentives for Near-Term Carbon Dioxide Geological Sequestration,” Carnegie Mellon, http://wpweb2.tepper.cmu.edu/ceic/pdfs_other/Incentives_for_Near-Term_Carbon_Dioxide_Geological_Sequestration.pdf <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 8pt;">The Intergovernmental Panel ... are shown in figure 28 below.
 * Only the plan is __modeled__ – countries won’t __cut emissions__ unless they can avoid the __economic cost__**

=Plan Text – 1AC=


 * The United States federal government should facilitate regulated pipeline transportation of captured carbon in the United States by investing in regulated pipeline transportation of captured carbon.**

=Solvency – 1AC=


 * Our last contention is __solvency__**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Zarraby 12 - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012 Cyrus, “Note: Regulating Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Federal Regulatory Regime to Promote the Construction of a National Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Network,” 80 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 950, Lexis Despite its contribution to ... <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> of much-needed CO<2> pipelines.
 * The tech for CCS works – facilitating regulated transportation infrastructure is key to jump-starting the commercial industry**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Horne 10 – JD @ U of Utah Jennifer, “Getting from Here to There: Devising an Optimal Regulatory Model for CO<2> Transport in a New Carbon Capture and Sequestration Industry,” 30 J. Land Resources & Envtl. L. 357, Lexis Unless CCS develops on ..., rather than state-by-state, for good reason.
 * The federal government is key**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Zarraby 12 - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012 Cyrus, “Note: Regulating Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Federal Regulatory Regime to Promote the Construction of a National Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Network,” 80 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 950, Lexis <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Although the ... // limit //<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> private investment. 88
 * It’s reverse causal – federal __inaction__ creates uncertainty that deters private investment in CCS**

Robin, “Capturing Carbon: The New Weapon in the War Against Climate Change,” Google Book __It is__ __often claimed t...__ **__leakage will be__** **__minimal__**.
 * No leaks**
 * Mills 11** - *MSc in Geological Sciences @ Cambridge

Robin, “Capturing Carbon: The New Weapon in the War Against Climate Change,” Google Book These estimates indicate that **...** __than 500 years of emissions at today's rate__.
 * Sufficient storage**
 * Mills 11** - *MSc in Geological Sciences @ Cambridge

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Reisinger 9 – JD, Attorney @ Ohio Environmental Council Will, “RECONCILING KING COAL AND CLIMATE CHANGE: A REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE,” Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, http://vjel.org/journal/pdf/VJEL10107.pdf <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Injecting large quantities ... who are opposed to CCS.
 * Qualified evidence concludes no earthquakes**

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 12pt;">CCP 08 (CO2 Capture Project, 2008, “CO2 Capture Project - FAQs - About CCS: Storage, Monitoring and Verification,” [|http://www.co2captureproject.org/faq_storage.html)//DR]. H <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Storageformations, by their natural ...<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> further CO2 leakage **.**
 * Doesn’t lead to spikes**