Anja+Beth+&+Shanelle

Anja Beth (2N - anja.beth@gmail.com) and Shanelle (2A - shanelleroman@gmail.com)

__** AFF **__


 * Plantext: **

 The United States federal government should substantially increase its renewable energy assistance towards Mexico.


 * 1AC Cites: **

__**Warming **__

Rahmstorf 8 – Professor of Physics of the Oceans, Ph.D Oceanography (Richard, of Physics of the Oceans at Potsdam University, Global Warming: Looking Beyond Kyoto, Edited by Ernesto Zedillo, “Anthropogenic Climate Change?,” pg. 42-4)//BB
 * Warming is real, anthroprogenic, and CO2 induced- Numerous studies prove -no other viable explanation **

It is time to turn to statement B... with which we need to deal

**top climate scientists agree **
Anderegg et al 10 – PhD Candidate @ Stanford in Biology (William, “Expert credibility in climate change,” National Academy of Sciences, p. 12107-12109)//BB//

//Preliminary reviews of scientific literature ... anthropogenic climate change //

//**Runaway warming causes positive feedbacks-now key **// //Strom 7 – Professor of Planetary Science @ U of Arizona // //(Robert Strom, studied climate change for 15 years, the former Director of the Space Imagery Center, Professor of planetary sciences @ U of Arizona, "Hot House", SpringerLink, p. 123) //BB

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We do not have time to spare.. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">we would be in the worst trouble imaginable.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Kunzig 5/9/13 (Robert Kunzig, a scientific journalist, specializing in oceanography. He works at the European division of Discover magazine and is a regular contributor to National Geographic, “Climate Milestone: Earth’s CO2 Level Passes 400 ppm”, [], t.c.)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">We are at 400 ppm, avoiding 450 ppm is key **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An instrument near the summit of Mauna Loa .... avoid the worst impacts of climate change

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Matthews and Soloman 4/26/13 (H. Damon Matthews Associate professor and research fellow in Department of Geography Planning and Environment, B.Sc Environmental science, Ph.D in Earth and Ocean Sciences, Susan Solomon, Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Science @ MIT, Ph.D Atmospheric Chemistry @ UC Berkeley, “Irreversible does not mean unavoidable”, [], t.c.)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Even if warming is irreversible we can still solve – immediate reductions in co2 stabilize and reduce global temperatures **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Understanding how decreases in CO2 emissions would affect ... <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">political decisions that lead to the reductions.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Warming causes extinction – oceans dry up and oxygen disappears. **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Brandenburg & Paxson ’99 [John (physicist & rocket scientist) & Monica (award-winning author & expert on global warming), Dead Mars, Dying Earth, p. 232]

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">One can imagine a scenario for global catastrophe that runs similarly... hardy microbes surviving


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Independently, Co2 causes ocean acidification killing all ocean species **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">McKie 11 (Robin McKie is science and technology editor for the Observer “Ocean acidification is latest manifestation of global warming”, 28 May 2011

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/may/29/global-warming-threat-to-oceans)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">That discovery is highly revealing ... are the parts that are of greatest importance to humans

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Ocean biodiversity key to prevent extinction **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Craig, 3 - Attorneys’ Title Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Environmental Programs at Florida State University (Robin Kundis, “ARTICLE: Taking Steps Toward Marine Wilderness Protection? Fishing and Coral Reef Marine Reserves in Florida and Hawaii,” McGeorge Law Review, Winter 2003, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments .... may be unique in the world.


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">An expanded BECC role quickly facilitates a Mexican green economy **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">COCEF 12 - La Comisión de Cooperación Ecológica Fronteriza

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(“Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy and Transportation: Project Opportunities in the U.S. – Mexico Border Region,” http://www.cocef.org/Eng/VLibrary/Publications/SpecialReports/BECC%20WP%20%20Nov%202011%20index.pdf)//BB//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">SECTION 4: BECC – THE BORDER TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDER ... // //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">in the focus sectors. //

//**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">First – production – they have ENORMOUS renewable energy potential **// //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Wood 10 – PhD in Political Studies @ Queen’s, Professor @ ITAM in Mexico City // //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(Duncan, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, http://www.statealliancepartnership.org/resources_files/USMexico_Cooperation_Renewable_Energies.pdf) //BB

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The North American context ... development of renewable resources

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Second – technology transfer – Mexico will spread the green tech globally** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ENS 12 – Environmental News Service <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(“U.S., Canada, Mexico Vow ‘Continental’ Energy Grid,” http://www.reepedia.com/archives/4568)//BB//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The leaders of the United States, Mexico, and Canada ... // //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">North American energy trade //

//**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Third – international cooperation – Mexican leadership is key to GLOBAL climate agreements **//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Villar ’12 (Marina Guajardo Villar, June 2012 “How is Mexico implementing its soft power by means of its public diplomacy to influence its international image?” Master Thesis, Clingendael, Netherlands Institute of International Relations, the paper extensively consulted the work of //

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Joseph Nye, Nicholas Cull, Jan Melissen and Simon Anholt https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/19412/MarinaGuajardo_MasterThesis_FINAL.pdf?sequence=1, //JG)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">COP16/CMP6 refers to the 16th edition of Conference of the Parties... former head of UN climate change

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Relations

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Barry 13 – senior policy analyst at the Center for International Policy, where he directs the TransBorder project, he specializes in immigration policy, homeland security, border security and the outsourcing of national security, has authored or co-authored more than twenty books on Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, food aid, the United Nations, free trade and U.S. foreign policy <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(Tom, “Changing Perspectives on US-Mexico Relations,” http://truth-out.org/news/item/16221-changing-perspectives-on-us-mexico-relations)//BB
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Sequencing is vital- US-Mexico climate cooperation key starting point for a sustainable partnership-overcomes drug wars **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The presidents will achieve some camaraderie... <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">shared interests and responsibilities

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Only Obama solves – reverses Anti-US sentiment throughout Latin America **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Valencia 13 - New York-based political analyst and is a contributing writer for Global Voices Online

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(Robert, “U.S. and Latin America: Economic Cooperation without Militarization?,” http://www.worldpolicy.org/blog/2013/05/20/us-and-latin-america-economic-cooperation-without-militarization)//BB//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In May, President Barack Obama visited Mexico ... integration amongst themselves //

//**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Relations prevent Chinese expansionism in the Americas **//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Brzezinski 12– former National Security Adviser (Zbigniew, “Strategic Vision: America and the Crisis of Global Power”, 2012, pp. 108-109) //Beddow

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A waning partnership between America ... <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">in their economic development.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Fergusson ‘12(Robbie, Researcher at Royal Society for the Arts, Featured Contributor at International Business Times, Former Conference & Research Assistant at Security Watch, Former Researcher at University College London, Master of Science, China in the International Arena, The University of Glasgow, “The Chinese Challenge to the Monroe Doctrine,” [])
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Specifically, increased Chinese influence risks war over Taiwan **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Taiwan – domestic, or foreign policy? ... on Taiwan, perhaps by force


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: 1.5;">Taiwan is uniquely likely to escalate to nuclear war – risk of miscommunication and misunderstanding is high **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lowther, 3/16 (William, Taipei Times, citing a report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies, “Taiwan could spark nuclear war: report,” [])

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Taiwan is themost likely potential ... dangerous and quite possibly devastating


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Independently, a US economic crisis is coming **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> DeLong 13- Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley, a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a Visiting Fellow at the Kauffman Foundation (J. Bradford, “The Second Great Depression: Why the Economic Crisis is Worse Than You Think”, July/August 2013 Foreign Affairs)//Beddow//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Despite its many virtues, however... // //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">another major economic crisisin the years ahead //

//**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Latin energy connectivity is key to growth **//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Noriega and Cardenas 12 – *Former US State Dept Official, **director with Vision Americas** //

//**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(“An action plan for US policy in the Americas,” December, http://www.aei.org/outlook/foreign-and-defense-policy/regional/latin-america/an-action-plan-for-us-policy-in-the-americas/) **//**BB**


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Key points in this Outlook ... a more prosperous United States **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">US economic decline causes Great power war ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Royal, 10 – Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, (Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline ... <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">be considered ancillary to those views

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">A) Evolution **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">McKenzie 10 (Richard B., Professor Emeritus of Enterprise and Society – School of Business at the University of California, Irvine, “Predictably Rational?: In Search of Defenses for Rational Behavior in Economics”, pg. 21-33, SpringerLink, Deech)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">As it is argued in Chaps. 7 and 8 ... of order to behavior.

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">B) Animals **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">McKenzie 10 (Richard B., Professor Emeritus of Enterprise and Society – School of Business at the University of California, Irvine, “Predictably Rational?: In Search of Defenses for Rational Behavior in Economics”, pg. 1-20, SpringerLink, Deech)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Experimental economics does ... food sources (Tullock, 1994)

__**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Solvency **__


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Technical assistance for renewables significantly reduces greenhouse gases **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">COCEF 12 - La Comisión de Cooperación Ecológica Fronteriza

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(“Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy and Transportation: Project Opportunities in the U.S. – Mexico Border Region,” http://www.cocef.org/Eng/VLibrary/Publications/SpecialReports/BECC%20WP%20%20Nov%202011%20index.pdf)//BB

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This white paper describes the ... capacitated and experienced program manager

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Renewables can solve global warming and oil dependence **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Bose 10 (Bimal K. Bose, The Condra Chair of Excellence in power electronics at the University of Tennessee, March 2010, “Global Warming: Energy, Environmental Pollution and the Impact of Power Electronics”, Industrial Electronics Magazine, IEEE 4.1 //JG)//

//<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Nuclear power is claimed to be ... and utilization of electrical energy //

//**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Border-region development leads to GLOBAL concentrated-solar transition **// //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Smith 10 – BA in Economics @ Queen’s University, Cofounder and Editor of two clean energy magazines // //<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(Tracy, “Progress at the U.S.-Mexico Border Comes in the Form of Clean Energy Technology,” Solar Thermal Magazine, http://www.solarthermalmagazine.com/2010/10/28/progress-at-the-u-s-mexico-border-comes-in-the-form-of-clean-energy-technology/) //BB

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">“As a local developer, we knew that SolFocus CPV technology ... light environmental footprint

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">LSE 12 (The London School of Economics and Political Science, Cutting Carbon Emissions: Developing Countries like India are Central to Action, 12/5/12, http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/indiaatlse/2012/12/05/cutting-carbon-emissions-developing-countries-like-india-are-central-to-action/)//LA
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Partnerships between Developing and rich countries are key to solve **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">This arithmetic implies that it is ... will be of the essence

**<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Renewable energy incentives are key to China-it’s coal industry is already declining **
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Yang 12 – World Resources Institute <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">(Ailun, “What Is The Future Of King Coal In China?” http://insights.wri.org/news/2012/10/what-future-king-coal-china)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">China’s great thirst for coal is ... clean and low-carbon future.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Mexico is key – it’s the only country with declining oil production and widespread potential in renewable energy**

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Lee 11 (Zachary Lee, spring 2011, “The silver lining to a cloudy situation: how Mexico's bumbling modernization of Pemex is spurring development of renewable energy”, Houston Journal of International Law, 33.2, p503, LegalTrac | JJ) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">In December 2010, Mexico's Grupo Bimbo ...or association with these projects

__** NEG **__

Will post 1NCs/blocks/2NRs during the tournament. If for some reason I don't have it updated, email me at anja.beth@gmail.com

Practice Debate 2NRs:

Mexican Renewables: Politics/Case, Marijuana CP/Case, Geography K Border Infrastructure: Marijuana CP/Case turns Embargo: Politics/Case

1NC: Neolib K, DoD CP, Mexico Politics DA, T-Trade Block: 2NC: Neolib K/Case 1NR:Mexico Politics 2NR: Mexico Politics/Case Turns
 * Round 1: Neg v. CT Heft/Murphy (Aff: nanotech)**

1NC: Block: 2NR:
 * Round 2: Aff**

1NC: T-econ, Fem IR, TVPA CP, Politics Block: 2NC: Fem IR/Case 1NR: T 2NR: Fem IR
 * Round 3: Neg v. Hybrid Vivienne/Max (Aff: Trafficking)**

1NC: Block: 2NR:
 * Round 4 **

1NC: Block: 2NR:
 * Round 5 **

1NC: Block: 2NR:
 * Round 6**