Clayton+and+Alex


 * Observation One is Inherency**


 * Despite protests, the United States is committed to expanding its military presence in Japan – plans are in place to expand to Nago**

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 * Johnson, 2010** [Chalmers, Professor Emeritus of the University of California—San Diego and President and Co-founder of the Japan Policy Research Institute; “Another battle of Okinawa,” May 6; Accessed online at

The United States is on the verge… for their 65 years of forbearance.


 * Thus the plan: The United States federal government should substantially reduce its military presence through the phasing out of all US troops in Japan**

**ADVANTAGE ONE IS THE INFERNO**


 * Japanese political stability is collapsing - Okinawa is an impossible dilemma for Japanese Politicians **


 * Xinhua General News Service, 2010 ** (June 2, Commentary: Hatoyama falls victim to Futenma dilemma, Lexisnexis)

Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama… opposition parties followed each other in saying "No."


 * Japan is politically gridlocked- can’t push through any agenda items **


 * Christian Science Monitor, 2010 ** [Gavin Blair, correspondent, July 12, “Japan's new prime minister stumbles over consumption tax”, http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2010/0712/Japan-s-new-prime-minister-stumbles-over-consumption-tax, accessed 7/18/10]

Japan faces the prospect of political gridlock… push through major policies."


 * US pressure to maintain military bases collapsed the Japanese government – continued pressure will increase political instability **


 * Vaughan, 10 **, School of Political Science & International Studies, The University of Queensland [Michael June “JAPAN IN THE MELTING POT: AN ANALYSIS”; http://espace.library.uq.edu.au /eserv/UQ:205974/ Japan_Analysis.pdf; Accessed 7/16/10]

The Futenma matter… should any emergency arise.


 * And political stability is key to pass the climate bill which will solve warming- gets other countries on board**


 * Maeda and Fujioka, 6/15** [Risa and Chisa, 2010, “UPDATE 2-Japan aims to pass climate bill by yr-end UN talks,”http://af.reuters.com/article/energyOilNews/idAFTOE65E05N20100615?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true]

[The] Climate bill shelved…the upper chamber can stall bills.


 * And we are on the brink, unchecked warming leads to extinction**


 * Tickell, 8-11-2008** (Oliver, Climate Researcher, The Guardian, “On a planet 4C hotter, all we can prepare for is extinction”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/11/climatechange)

We need to get prepared… towards a similar hothouse Earth.


 * Opposition to US presence will not die down; withdrawal is necessary to please the masses**


 * Kusumoto et al., 6/18,** [Hana Kusumoto, Chiyomi Sumida, Teri Weaver, Stars and Stripes News, “Futenma fight could linger despite Japan's new prime minister”, 6/18/2010, http://www.stripes.com/news/pacific/okinawa/futenma-fight-could-linger-despite-japan-s-new-prime-minister-1.107689]

Japanese and U.S. leaders… keep Okinawa’s issues in the national spotlight.

**ADVANTAGE TWO IS RAPE**

(Kozue and Suzuyo, The Bases of Empire: The Global Struggle Against Military Posts, ed. by Catherine Lutz, pages 266 and 267, accessed via Google Books) Massive
 * The militarized security system is rooted in an ideology of patriarchy that allows the rapes of countless Japanese women**
 * Akibayashi* and Takazato**, 09**-*Ed. D from the Teachers College Columbia University, associate professor at the College of International Relations at Ritsumeikan University, International Vice President of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, **Co-Chair of Okinawa Women Act Against Military Violence

The practical aspect of analysis… Those who struggle for the

(Asato, Transnational Institute, “The Human Right of Children and Women under the US Military Administration: Raped Lives”, 7-18-05, []) Massive
 * Women are subjected to brutal and dehumanizing violence, including being raped in front of their husbands**
 * Eiko, 05**-Okinawa Women’s Act against Military Violence

One thing that was revealed… Okinawa is still under a war state.

David **Berube 97**, professor of speech communication, NANOTECHNOLOGY MAGAZINE, June/July http://www.cla.sc.edu/ENGL/faculty/berube/prolong.htm
 * Dehumanization makes every impact inevitable**

Assuming we are able to predict… dehumanization is evil's most powerful weapon.


 * And, Plan solves, removes troops and prevents rapes**

(Gwyn and Margo, Frontline Feminisms: Women, War, and Resistance, ed. by Marguerite R. Waller and Jennifer Rycenga, page 161, accessed via Google Books) Massive
 * This narrative exposes the fear that women face every day as a result of the threat military men have constructed through acts of gendered violence**
 * Kirk* and Okazawa-Rey**, 01**-*Ph.D. in political sociology from the London School of Economics, founding member of the East Asia-US-Puerto Rico Women's Network Against Militarism, chaired the Women's Studies Program at Antioch College (1992-1995), Jane Watson Irwin Visiting Chair in Women's Studies at Hamilton College (1999-2001), Rockefeller Fellowship in Women's Studies (University of Hawaii, 2002), **Ed.D. from Harvard University Graduate School of Education, Director of Women’s Leadership Institute and Visitng Professor in Women’s Studies at Mills College (2002-2005), founding member of the International Network of Women Against Militarism)

This particular rape prompted… She only went out when she had to.

**ADVANTAGE THREE IS FINDING NEMO**
 * U.S. military base in Okinawa threatens sea turtles. **


 * Leonard, 5- ** staff writer ABC (Bob, March 2005, “Okinawa- It Is Not Only Iraq That US Military Occupation Faces Massive Resistance,” @http://www.converge.org.nz/abc/pr30-113.html  )

Moving the Marine heliport from Futenma... // historic book, “The Origin Of Species”. Ed. //


 * Sea turtles are a keystone species, the consequences of their extinction are unpredictable**

(“A review of migratory behaviour of sea turtles off southeastern Africa,” The survival of sea turtles is threatened… transmitters that telemeter data via satellite.
 * South African Journal of Science, 2/06**


 * The extinction of a single keystone species ensures famines and soil erosion leading to extinction**

(David, Environmental Humanities Prof @ CSU Monteray Bay, “The Idea of Biodiversity: Philosophies of Paradise” pg. 200-201)
 * Takacs, 96**

So biodiversity keeps the world running… not with a bang but a whimper. 14

**ADVANTAGE FOUR IS FREEDOM**
 * A. US bases put freedom into question, Japan is hurting private property rights**

(Aurelia George, completed her PhD at the ANU in Japanese Politics in 1980, and subsequently worked as a Research Fellow in the Australia-Japan Research Centre at the ANU, “Managing the US Base Issue in Okinawa: A Test for Japanese Democracy,” Japanese Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2, pgs 159-177 //ag)
 * Mulgan, 2k**

The domestic politics of US base management… residents on base-related issues.

**B. Property rights are the basis of speech rights** **Rothbard 7** MA and BA in mathematics and economics from Colombia University(Murray, 5/18/07, “Human Rights as Property Rights, http://mises.org/daily/2569)

Take, for example, the "human right" of free speech … what he shouted but because he shouted.[5]


 * C. Suppressed speech logically leads to the death of hundreds of millions**
 * Dr. Paul- 04** US Congressman (Ron Paul, 5/10/04, “An Indecent Attack on the First Amendment”, remarks before US House of Representatives, http://www.lewrockwell.com/paul/paul165.html,)

We will soon debate… government regulating freedom of speech – of any kind.


 * D. Invasions of freedom must be rejected**
 * Petro 74 **, professor of law, Wake Forest University, (Sylvester, Spring 1974, TOLEDO LAW REVIEW, p. 480.)

However, one may still insist… resisted with undying spirit.

**CONTENTION FIVE IS FRAMEWORK** Interpretation: The aff must present a topical plan, and the negative should advocate either the status quo or a competitive policy option.
 * This is the best interpretation because: **

**A) ****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Aff gets to choose the framework- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">negative could obviate 8 minutes of the 1AC by reading a different framework.  **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) ****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Grammar – **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">ignoring it justifies throwing out the resolution, destroying predictability. Alternative frameworks are infinite and biased toward the neg. Fairness is a prerequisite to clash which leads to education. ** C) ** **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Plan-Focus – **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">only policy debate teaches logical method of policy-making – theirs privileges form over substance – this undermines purpose of debate, to search for the best policy option.