Lucy-Mayra

__**NEG ROUNDS:**__

Rnd 1 - Neg vs Transpolitics. __1NC__ - **Off Case**: Prison Abolition K and T-domestic(US Persons) **On Case**: Circumvention __2NR__ - Prison Abolition

Rnd 2 - Neg vs Boarders __1NC__ - **Off Case**: Lawfare K and T-domestic(US Persons) **On Case:** No ! to ↓ heg, ! turns, Bio terror = low risk, no cartel/terror cooperation, Circumvention __2NR__ - Lawfare K

Rnd 3 - Neg vs Transpolitics __1NC__ - **Off Case**: FW and Neolib K **On Case**: Circumvention __2NR__ - FW

Rnd 4 - Neg vs Transpolitics __1NC__ - **Off Case**: FW, Tech K, T-domestic(US Persons) **On Case**: circumvention __2NR__ - FW

Rnd 5 - Neg vs Encryption __1NC__ - **Off Case**: Iran Politics, DHS CP, and Foucault **On Case**: Circumvention __2NR__ - Pltx and CP

Rnd 6 - Neg vs Zero Days __1NC__ - **Off Case**: Neolib K, T-Curtail(Buget), Oversight CP, Cyber Deterrence DA, Circumvention DA **On Case**: no ! to IP theft, ! Turn leads to war, No ! to Critical Structure, no ! to cyber security, ! turn, no solvency lack of trust, Inevitable, __2NR__ - Neo Lib K, Condo Bueno


 * AFFS:**

__**//1. Transpolitics AFF(K version) -//**__

=
Bohling 2012(Alissa; writer for Al Jazeera America, and Truthout and specialized in economic justice issues specifically gender based issues, and recognize for excellence in journalism by the National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association.; April 16, 2012; http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/8506-transgender-gender-non-conforming-people-among-first-most-affected-by-war-on-terrors-biometrics-craze1438452233#; Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming People Among First, Most Affected by War on Terror's Biometrics Craze; 7/21/15; lmm)====== When Zev Al-Walid walks through an airport security scanner, he more or AND .'" "I felt physically ill after that," said Walid.

====These surveillance policies are reflective of a broader system of domination and destruction that attempts to root out difference at places as simple as the airport. The "Secure Flight" program relies on matching consumer's genders to the FBI's terrorist watch list. This is part and parcel of a broader "war on terror" turned "war on difference"—the result is an unending form of discursive and material transphobic violence—rejecting this securitization is a necessary precondition to disrupting the bureaucratic dysphoria that renders identities intelligible.==== Currah and Mulqueen 11—Paisley, Professor of Political Science at Brooklyn University, Tara, Ph.D. student at Birbeck University of London, "Securitizing Gender: Identity, Biometrics, and Transgender Bodies at the Airport," social research Vol. 78 : No. 2 : Summer 2011, http://sites.middlebury.edu/soan191/files/2013/08/currahsecuritizinggender.pdf, pg. 3-10, AR—AD: 7/13/15 Implemented in 2009, the TSA's "Secure Flight" program requires consumers to provide AND analysis of conflicts over gender classification in the U.S. airport.

====Biometric gender surveillance operates as a process of normalization that constantly reduces gender to the stable categories of Male/Female—this process is always managed by a "higher" power that grids identity into intelligible positions—rejecting this system is a starting point for recognizing subject positions are fluid and contingent on more than mere visual difference.==== Currah and Mulqueen 11—Paisley, Professor of Political Science at Brooklyn University, Tara, Ph.D. student at Birbeck University of London, "Securitizing Gender: Identity, Biometrics, and Transgender Bodies at the Airport," social research Vol. 78 : No. 2 : Summer 2011, http://sites.middlebury.edu/soan191/files/2013/08/currahsecuritizinggender.pdf, pg. 14-15, AR—AD: 7/13/15 But the Secure Flight program does not just use the M or F on the AND reflect the common sense belief that gender is a unitary component of identity.

We demand the abolition of the state's binary construction of gender within the airport.
====Our security discourse is more than bankrupt, it is broken. The Secure Flight program exists not as a policy of safety for the homeland, rather, a failed policy from the mobilization of the war on gender. You should prefer a politics of affective assemblage building that refuses anything but infinity—the attempt to render gender as a form of static ontological being is the epitome of the self/other dialectic that relies on a constitutive other to securitize against.==== Currah and Mulqueen 11—Paisley, Professor of Political Science at Brooklyn University, Tara, Ph.D. student at Birbeck University of London, "Securitizing Gender: Identity, Biometrics, and Transgender Bodies at the Airport," social research Vol. 78 : No. 2 : Summer 2011, http://sites.middlebury.edu/soan191/files/2013/08/currahsecuritizinggender.pdf, pg. 17-21, AR—AD: 7/16/15 What complicates the passage of a transgender individual through airport security is that her identity AND and change, between what one is and what one says or does.

The result of endless securitization is the construction of a dominant security discourse that allows the state to wage wars in the name of isolating clear borders and binaries.
Redden and Terry 11 – Stephanie, professor of political science at Carleton University, Jillian, Department of International Relations at London School of Economics and Political Science, "The End of the Line: Feminist Understandings of Resistance to Full Body Scanning Technology," International Feminist Journal of Politics Jun2013, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p234-253. 20p. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=88353443&site=ehost-live xx AD – 7/16/15; AV This literature is intimately connected to the theoretical work of feminist security scholars in International AND of power are rendered invisible by nature of the supposed neutrality of technologies'.

====We should reject visibility politics—the idea of an ID determining whether or not you are a "terrorist" is a flawed process that requires the racialization, sexing, and normalizing of identity. Another policy won't save us—engaging in our approach acts as a blurring process between the self/other dialectic that dominates our epistemology.==== Beauchamp 09—Toby Beauchamp, Ph.D. assistant professor of gender and women's studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, "Artful Concealment and Strategic Visibility: Transgender Bodies and U.S. State Surveillance After 9/11," 2009, Surveillance & Society 6(4): 356-366, http://www.surveillance-and-society.org, ISSN: 1477-7487, pg. 363-364, AR—AD: 7/17/15 NTAC is certainly not the only organization to advocate for the rights of legitimate transgender AND to particular bodies, but in fact requires the scapegoating of other bodies.

====Under the guise of protective objectivity, airport backscatter machines digitally dissect bodies that pass through them, violently dehumanizing them into data points and reconstructing them as machines that desire their own flaying. This conquest of the body mirrored the development of European conquest in the New World and reflects the reshaping of foreign territories into colonies that serve the imperialist war machine.==== Amoore and Hall '9 (Louise, PhD and professor and researcher of global geopolitics, security, and political theory at the University of Durham, and Alexandra, PhD and researcher in geography at Durham, "Taking people apart: digitised dissection and the body at the border," Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, volume 27, 448-450) JS-D Backscatter, then, involves the systematic reduction of the body into its identifying traces AND All deceptive appearances could be brought to truth under methodical and meticulous analysis.

Valorization of faux-objectivity lays the groundwork for institutional violence by privileging the views of those isolated from problems and promoting indifference in the face of brutality.
Stone-Mediatore '7 (Shari, PhD and professor of philosophy at Ohio Wesleyan University, "Challenging Academic Norms: An Epistemology for Feminist and Multicultural Classrooms," NWSA Journal, volume 19, p. 57-58) JS-D Even if objectivity is a myth, the valorization of traits associated with objectivity can AND to pain and suppressing compassionate impulses that would otherwise be troubled by violence.

__ **//2. Secure Flight Program AFF-//** __

First comes the story of the oppressed…
Bohling 2012(Alissa; writer for Al Jazeera America, and Truthout and specialized in economic justice issues specifically gender based issues, and recognize for excellence in journalism by the National Lesbian & Gay Journalists Association.; April 16, 2012; http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/8506-transgender-gender-non-conforming-people-among-first-most-affected-by-war-on-terrors-biometrics-craze#; Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming People Among First, Most Affected by War on Terror's Biometrics Craze; 7/21/15; lmm) When Zev Al-Walid walks through an airport security scanner, he more or AND .'" "I felt physically ill after that," said Walid.

====Walids' narrative of transphobia at the airport is an excerpt of increasing local tension between differences. Something as simple as flying, whether it be for business, emergency, or travel in general has become a new information gathering machine, monitoring the difference of subjects in an attempt to eradicate potential threats to its hegemony.====

====The modern U.S. airport is a site of policing and subjugation of bodies deemed unacceptable, untrue, or dangerous. Under the guise of providing a "Secure Flight," the state wages a private war against travellers of deviant genders, races, and religions every day at airport security checkpoints.====

Full-body scanning technology normalizes and facilitates transphobic violence by policing bodies that deviate from an essentialist understanding of gender.
Magnet and Rodgers '12 (Shoshana, assistant professor in the Institute of Women's Studies at the University of Ottawa, and Tara, assistant professor of Women's Studies at the University of Maryland, 2012, "Stripping for the State," p. 111, Feminist Media Studies, Volume 12) JS-D Backscatter and millimeter wave technologies have significant consequences for transgender bodies and mobilities. Whole AND of an individual's gender identity, helping to produce transgender bodies as suspect.

The result of endless securitization is the construction of a dominant security discourse that allows the state to wage wars in the name of isolating clear borders and binaries.
Redden and Terry 11 – Stephanie, professor of political science at Carleton University, Jillian, Department of International Relations at London School of Economics and Political Science, "The End of the Line: Feminist Understandings of Resistance to Full Body Scanning Technology," International Feminist Journal of Politics Jun2013, Vol. 15 Issue 2, p234-253. 20p. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=88353443&site=ehost-live xx AD – 7/16/15; AV This literature is intimately connected to the theoretical work of feminist security scholars in International AND of power are rendered invisible by nature of the supposed neutrality of technologies'.

Thus: The United States Federal Government should curtail its domestic surveillance by ending the Secure Flight Program.
====Our security discourse is more than bankrupt; it's broken. Secure Flight exists not as a policy of safety for the homeland—rather, a failed policy from the mobilization of the war on nonbinary genders. Prefer a politics of affective assemblage building that refuses anything but infinity—the attempt to render gender as a form of static ontological being is the epitome of the self/other dialectic that relies on a constitutive other to securitize against.==== Currah and Mulqueen 11—Paisley, Professor of Political Science at Brooklyn University, Tara, Ph.D. student at Birbeck University of London, "Securitizing Gender: Identity, Biometrics, and Transgender Bodies at the Airport," social research Vol. 78 : No. 2 : Summer 2011, http://sites.middlebury.edu/soan191/files/2013/08/currahsecuritizinggender.pdf, pg. 17-21, AR—AD: 7/16/15 What complicates the passage of a transgender individual through airport security is that her identity AND and change, between what one is and what one says or does.

====Current policy is insufficient—state securitization strengthens an American/terrorist dichotomy and encourages trans people to cast suspicion onto others in order to prove their legitimacy, leading to a cycle of infighting among deviant bodies.==== Beauchamp 09—Toby Beauchamp, Ph.D. assistant professor of gender and women's studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, "Artful Concealment and Strategic Visibility: Transgender Bodies and U.S. State Surveillance After 9/11," 2009, Surveillance & Society 6(4): 356-366, http://www.surveillance-and-society.org, ISSN: 1477-7487, pg. 363-364, AR—AD: 7/17/15 NTAC is certainly not the only organization to advocate for the rights of legitimate transgender AND to particular bodies, but in fact requires the scapegoating of other bodies.

In order to undermine power we must start with those most affected by it
Warren and Fassett, 2004 [The Johns Hopkins University Press. All rights reserved Theatre Topics 14.2 (2004) 411-430John T. Warren is an assistant professor in the School of Communication Studies at Bowling Green State University, where he teaches courses in performance, culture, identity, and power. Deanna L. Fassett is an assistant professor in the Department of Communication Studies at San José State University, where she teaches courses in instructional communication and critical, feminist, and performative pedagogies //liam TAM] Freire argues, "the starting point for organizing the program content of education or AND of others in an effort to search out possibility within their life circumstances.

====Under the guise of protective objectivity, airport backscatter machines digitally dissect bodies that pass through them, violently dehumanizing them into data points and reconstructing them as machines that desire their own flaying. This conquest of the body mirrored the development of European conquest in the New World and reflects the reshaping of foreign territories into colonies that serve the imperialist war machine.==== Amoore and Hall '9 (Louise, PhD and professor and researcher of global geopolitics, security, and political theory at the University of Durham, and Alexandra, PhD and researcher in geography at Durham, "Taking people apart: digitised dissection and the body at the border," Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, volume 27, 448-450) JS-D Backscatter, then, involves the systematic reduction of the body into its identifying traces AND All deceptive appearances could be brought to truth under methodical and meticulous analysis.

Valorization of faux-objectivity lays the groundwork for institutional violence by privileging the views of those isolated from problems and promoting indifference in the face of brutality.
Stone-Mediatore '7 (Shari, PhD and professor of philosophy at Ohio Wesleyan University, "Challenging Academic Norms: An Epistemology for Feminist and Multicultural Classrooms," NWSA Journal, volume 19, p. 57-58) JS-D Even if objectivity is a myth, the valorization of traits associated with objectivity can AND to pain and suppressing compassionate impulses that would otherwise be troubled by violence.

= =