Marlee+&+Kenji

=__**AFF**__= = = =OTEC=

=1AC=

First, it's a race for OTEC now – winning the race to commercialize ensures control of energy industries and locks-in technological leadership and diplomatic clout
(Robert Cohen, USA, OTEC consultant and adviser to the company Lockheed Martin, Mathieu Ladouch Renewable Energy Engineer and Energy Expert, Development & execution manager at Marine Energy Times Mechanical Engineer (TIDAL ENERGY) at HYDRO-GEN Project Manager Engineer at Deschamps Mechanical or Industrial Engineering "Ocean Thermal Energy Ocean OTEC could soon be used?," pg online @ http://www.marineenergytimes.com/could-otec-soon-be-used-partii-in-the-midst-of-international-competition.html //um-ef) There is currently the possibility of a competition among industrial nations (especially France, AND to their shores and who want to reduce their dependence on oil imports.
 * Cohen and Ladouch 2k12**

And, U.S. technological leadership is on the brink – it's an existential risk
Taken together, there is no direct evidence that the US has been overtaken in AND US technical leadership will require a dedicated and coordinated effort throughout the society.
 * Hummell et al 12** (Robert Hummel, PhD1,*, Policy Research Division, Potomac Institute for Policy Studies,, Patrick Cheetham1, Justin Rossi1, Synesis: A Journal of Science, Technology, Ethics, and Policy 2012 "US Science and Technology Leadership, and Technology Grand Challenges," pg online @ http://www.synesisjournal.com/vol3_g/Hummel_2012_G14-39.pdf //um-ef)

And, failure to maintain U.S. Technological energy primacy through domestic development causes U.S. protectionism against China
Facing competitive pressure from the rise of Chinese industries, the United States has arbitrarily AND restricting competition and cooperation through frequent and short-sighted trade relief measures.
 * Li 2/26**/14 (Researcher with Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation."pg online @ http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2014-02/26/content_17305240.htm //um-ef)

And, that U.S.-China Trade Friction escalations to U.S.-China War
US geopolitical hostility toward China will manifest itself first in trade friction, which will AND to be fought over by killing consumers in a world plagued with overcapacity.
 * Liu '05** (Henry C., Chair – New York Private Investment Group, The Coming Trade War Part 6, Asia Times Online, 8-20, http://atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/GH20Dj01.html)

Extinction
Relations between the United States and China are on a course that may one day AND — for example in Washington's neglect of the crumbling states of Central America.
 * Lieven 12** (Anatol, Professor in the War Studies Department – King's College (London), Senior Fellow – New America Foundation (Washington), "Avoiding US-China War," New York Times, 6-12, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/13/opinion/avoiding-a-us-china-war.html)

And, winning the green tech race is key to US primacy, preventing resource wars and climate change – all which cause extinction
By not addressing climate change more aggressively and creatively, the United States is squandering AND means of leverage that can be employed to keep potential foes in check.
 * Klarevas 2k9** (Louis, Professor at the Center for Global Affairs – New York University, "Securing American Primacy While Tackling Climate Change: Toward a National Strategy of Greengemony", Huffington Post, 12-15, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/louis-klarevas/securing-american-primacy_b_393223.html)

Moreover, U.S. Diplomatic strength is in question – the Administration is in significant need of a boost
DIPLOMACY is dead. Effective diplomacy — the kind that produced Nixon's breakthrough with AND want, what do they want, and what do we both want?
 * Cohen '13(pg online @ http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/22/opinion/global/roger-cohen-diplomacy-is-dead.html?_r=0 //um-ef)**

And, independently, STRONG U.S. Diplomacy prevents conflict and escalation
Hagee and Loy '12 (Gen. Michael W. Hagee and Adm. James M. Loy, 3-27-2012, What it takes to keep U.S. safe today, Politico, p. www.politico.com/news/stories/0312/74509.html) The challenges we face today as a nation are far more complex and nuanced than AND our investments in development and diplomacy can help get our economy rolling again.

Also, STRONG U.S. Diplomacy is the only way to stop Indo-Pak war – its on the brink now and miscalc is inevitable without U.S. de-escalation*
Vira 2k12 (Varun Vira writes on Middle Eastern and South Asian security affairs. Most recently, he coauthored Pakistan: Violence vs. Stability with Dr. Anthony Cordesman of the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), pg online @ http://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/escalating-from-terrorism-to-nuclear-war-on-the-asian-subcontinent//um-ef)** Within the next decade, there is a high probability of a high- AND for the level of external intervention they expect quite simply may not exist.

First - warming is real and anthropogenic – carbon dioxide increase, polar ice records, melting glaciers, sea level rise prove
Prothero 12 [Donald R. Prothero, Professor of Geology at Occidental College and Lecturer in Geobiology at the California Institute of Technology, 3-1-2012, "How We Know Global Warming is Real and Human Caused," Skeptic, vol 17 no 2, EBSCO] Converging Lines of Evidence How do we know that global warming is real and AND pinnacles, but the rest of these drowned cities would lie deep underwater.

Warming causes Extinction
In the Online Journal of Space Communication, Dr. Feng Hsu, a NASA AND too high for us to take any chances" (Hsu 2010 ).
 * Flournoy 11** — Don Flournoy, PhD, University of Texas, Project Manager for University/Industry Experiments for the NASA ACTS Satellite, Professor of Telecommunications, Scripps College of Communications, Ohio University, citing Feng Hsu, PhD in Engingeering Science, NASA scientist at Goddard Space Flight Center, former research fellow of Brookhaven National Laboratory in the fields of risk assessment, risk-based decision making, safety & reliability and mission assurances for nuclear power, space launch, energy infrastructure and other social and engineering systems (Dec. 2011, "Solar Power Satellites," January, Springer Briefs in Space Development, p. 10-1)

OTEC is the only way to solve US reliance on fossil fuels – main emitter of CO2
OTE '13 (Renewable energy and drinkable water provider with operations in the United States of America, the United Kingdom, The Bahamas and Cayman Islands. - See more at: http://www.otecorporation.com/about.html#sthash.zILGFQL5.dpuf "Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and the Company Bringing it to Market: A Catalyst for Saving the Environment" Ocean thermal Energy Corporation, Dec 11, 2013 http://www.otecorporation.com/ocean-thermal-energy-conversion-and-the-company-bringing-it-to-market-a-catalyst-for-saving-the-environment/#sthash.qqz0TGEK.dpuf, wcp) The awareness of human induced effects on the environment has been in the public domain AND OTE currently plans to build 20MW plants also using off the shelf components.

Alternative methods of solving warming fail – OTEC is our last stand to reverse climate change
The fourth IPCC assessment report projects that 40 to 70 percent of species could go AND it is easier to move a light vapour than a heavy liquid.
 * Baird '14** (Jim "The Existential Imperative: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion II", The energy collective, Jan 6^^th^^, 2014 http://theenergycollective.com/jim-baird/324161/existential-imperative-ocean-thermal-energy-conversion-ii, wcp)

Even 1% of energy extraction solves
Krock et al. 03 (Hans Krock, PhD. professor emeritus in Ocean Engineering at the University of Hawai'i-Manoa and president of OCEES and CTO at DSH. Krock, H. J. Huang, J. C. Oney, S. K. "Revisit Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion System," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Volume 8, Issue 2, pp. 160. July 2, 2003. http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/390/art%253A10.1023%252FA%253A1026062531405.pdf?auth66=1403968593_bf29c4fe9b03d9a37a331290161b2cb4&ext=.pdf//ghs-kw) The ocean covers more than 70.8% of the surface of the earth AND able to transform the thermal energy into electrical power through a mechanical system.

OTEC is ready now; produces cheap electricity, solves energy dependence and emissions
Technical Feasibility The nearly 80 years of studies and designs since Claude's first attempt to AND the air pollutants and greenhouse gases resulting from fuel combustion would not occur.
 * Ruiz et al. 10** (Dr. Orlando E. Ruiz is an assistant professor at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, and a director of Offshore Infrastructure Associates. He received a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology and also completed the General Electric Edison Engineering Development Program. He has worked with aerospace and computer companies and maintains a consulting practice. Ruiz, O. E. Laboy, M. A. J. Martí, J. A. "Commercial Implementation of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion: Using the Ocean for Commercial Generation of Baseload Renewable Energy and Potable Water," Sea-Technology magazine, April 2010. https://www.sea-technology.com/features/2010/0410/thermal_energy_conversion.html//ghs-kw)

Regulatory Certainty and Clarity is key – No federal action deters investors
I. THE REGULATORY BARRIERS TO OCEAN ENERGY DEVELOPERS A. Overview of Regulatory AND costs. Such unpredictability may also deter future private investors from funding projects.
 * Elefant '2** (Carolyn, November 19^^th^^, "Proposed Strategies for Addressing Regulatory Uncertainty in Ocean Energy Development in the United States", http://www.energycentral.com/articles/article/79, wcp)

And, a U.S. FEDERAL demonstration is necessary to get the market going
The major conclusion reached in the earlier report continues to be applicable: there is AND initiated as early as 15-years after the development program is implemented.
 * Vega '10** (Luis A. PhD, National Marine Renewable Energy Center at the University of Hawaii, 'Economics of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC): An Update', http://hinmrec.hnei.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/OTEC-Economics-2010.pdf, wcp)

Recent technological developments make OTEC feasible, efficient, and economically viable
Huang et al 3—U.S. Department of Energy (Joseph C., Hans J. Krock, Stephen K. Oney, "REVISIT OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM", rmf) Many renowned scientists and engineers all over the world have worked on OTEC technologies since AND have proven more sophisticated than those in the early development of the eighties.

OTEC stimulates the economy
OTEC offers these countries or territories, currently dependent on foreign oil, the real AND , particularly in the cases of locations such as Puerto Rico and Hawaii.
 * Martí et al 09**
 * (Jose A Martí: MSCE Environmental Engineering from Northeastern University, BSCE and Graduate degree in Civil Engineering, University of Puerto Rico. Principal and founder of consulting engineering and planning firm providing services to industry, government and commercial clients, since 1983. Planning, engineering and economic studies. Technical aspects of regulations. Process engineering. Planning and design of multiple major water and wastewater facilities, for utility and industrial clients. Most recently, firm is involved in alternative energy projects, principally on engineering and planning for renewable energy projects, including Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), solar PV energy, and related applications. Martí, José A; Thomas J. Plocek; Manuel A.J. Laboy, Offshore Infrastructure Associates, Inc. "Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC): Technical Viability, Cost Projections and Development Strategies," Presentation to 2009 Offshore Technology Conference. http://www.offinf.com/OIA_at_OTC.pdf//ghs-kw)**

OTEC creates shipping jobs
Financing this concept will require new models that reduce the risk of the upfront investment AND can also act as a job-creation mechanism in these mature industries.
 * Muralidharan 12**
 * (Shylesh Muralidharan received a B.S. in mechanical engineering from Pondicherry University and an MBA from Mumbai University, and a Masters of Systems Design and Management from MIT. He has worked in technology consulting for smart grid programs. His interests are in new energy systems and sustainability. He is currently working on a technical and economic evaluation of ocean thermal energy conversion, in the context of climate change concerns and water scarcity. Muralidharan, S. "Assessment of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion," MIT, February 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76927//ghs-kw)**

___

=Satire!=

There's oil in the oceans – let's drill! It will boost our AMERICA!
We Need To Start Drlling NOW! The United States has plenty of oil within AND prosper in the end! We can do it! God Bless America!
 * Magnoliazz, 10** a writer living on a tree farm in Wisconsin. She has 5 dogs, a flock of sheep, and operates a cat, guinea pig and rabbit rescue. ("America Has More Oil Than Saudi Arabia," HubPages.com, http://magnoliazz.hubpages.com/hub/America-Has-More-Oil-Than-Saudi-Arabia)//IS

Without oil civilization collapses! We need security!
This group was developed to help dispel the myth created by many of our government AND ), and working hard to make our country less dependent on foreign oil.
 * Connors-Maloney, 12** – Oklahoma 1st Congressional District Coordinator – Oklahoma's 1^^st^^ District Coordinator (Annie, 02/16/12 "I Resist Our Dependence on Foreign Oil - Drill Here, Drill Now," http://patriotaction.net/group/iresistourdependenceonforeignoildrillheredrillnow)//IS

We need oil independence – it's key to SECURITY, HEGEMONY, and MUH FREEDOMS!
Oil poses a clear threat to America's economic and national security. This spring we AND pledged to free our nation from a long and damaging cycle of dependence.
 * Powers, 10** – some person who wrote for CNN (Jonathan, "Independence from Dependence (on oil)," CNN, http://www.beliefnet.com/columnists/jesuscreed/2010/07/independence-from-dependence-o.html)//IS

MUH FREEDOMS ARE A D-RULE
Petro, Wake Forest Professor in Toledo Law Review, 1974 (Sylvester, Spring, page 480) However, one may still insist, echoing Ernest Hemingway - "I believe in AND every invasion of freedom must be emphatically identified and resisted with undying spirit.

Heg is the best ever thing ever!

 * Khalilzad, 1995** analyst at the RAND Corporation (Zalmay, Washington Quarterly, Spring, lexis)//IS

Under the third option, the United States would seek to retain global leadership and AND to global stability than a bipolar or a multipolar balance of power system.

Seriously, it's key to all the power!
(Eva, "'Hell Is the Other': Conceptualising Hegemony and Identity through Discourse Theory", Millennium - Journal of International Studies September 2012 vol. 41 no. 1 65-90, dml) Many IR-poststructuralists share with discourse theorists crucial commitments – most importantly, a AND only eliminated terrorism, the world would be a peaceful and safe place'..
 * Herschinger** 12 – lecturer in the Department of Political Science at the University of the Armed Forces Munich, Germany

It's not like drilling hurts the environment
Nature lover Sarah Palin and Discovery Communications announced today that she will be hosting a AND Polar bears eat people! We don't want nasty bears eating nice people!"
 * Unconfirmed Sources, no date** ("Sarah Palin To Host Nature Show," Unconfirmed Sources http://unconfirmedsources.com/?itemid=4327)//IS

Warming isn't even real – if it was, I'd like it!
Science has now proven the following very important points: AND data, weather satellites, and much of the meteorological and scientific world.
 * Connors-Maloney, 12** – Oklahoma 1st Congressional District Coordinator – Oklahoma's 1^^st^^ District Coordinator (Annie, 02/16/12 "I Resist Our Dependence on Foreign Oil - Drill Here, Drill Now," http://patriotaction.net/group/iresistourdependenceonforeignoildrillheredrillnow)//IS
 * CO2 is definitely

The Russians are coming the Russians are coming! They're evil and want to kill us
On Sunday I spoke with Polish journalist Tomasz Pompowski, who wanted to give me AND memory, especially as the number of those betrayed is bound to grow.
 * Nyquist no date** (J.R., no date, former Russia analyst for the DOD and all around smart guy, "Russia's Disruptive Role," http://www.jrnyquist.com/Russia_s_Disruptive_Role.html)//RTF

Seriously though, Russians are bullies
Hønneland's examination of the Russian-Norwegian pattern of cooperation opens the door for a AND with through international law, which has prevented a race for Arctic resources.
 * Roussel and Fossum 10-** Stéphane Roussel is professor in the department of political science at the Université du Québec à Montréal and Canada Research Chair in Canadian foreign and defence policy. John Erik Fossum is professor of political science with the ARENA Centre for European Studies at the University of Oslo and vice president of the Nordic Association for Canadian Studies, ("The Arctic is Hot Again in America and Europe: Introduction to Part I", December 2010, http://ijx.sagepub.com/content/65/4/799.citation//nemo)

Specifically Putin is an evil pinko communist
Is Vladimir Putin a communist? Is Vladimir Putin, a former KGB spy, AND of course he's a communist. Asker's rating & comment 5 out of 5
 * Bikermog 08** (Bikermog, sometime 6 years ago according to yahoo answers, preferred answerer on yahoo answers, "Is Vladimir Putin a communist?," https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081226134641AAO7a3v)//RTF

He's even trying to over the world, and even worse, AMERICA!
Trinko 3/18 (Katarina, 3/18/14, managing editor of The Daily Signal and a member of USA Today's Board of Contributors, " Putin Is Launching a New Version of the Evil Empire. What the U.S. Needs to Do Now," http://dailysignal.com/2014/03/18/putin-launching-new-version-evil-empire-u-s-needs-now/)//RTF Today Russian president Vladimir Putin announced that he would make Crimea officially part of Russia AND S. allies in Europe that have become increasingly energy dependent on Moscow.

1. Drilling makes Russia mad! That means WAR!
President Vladimir Putin ordered Russia's military to increase its focus on the Arctic and finish AND across the pole under the Arctic Sea, is part of their own landmass
 * Reuters 12/10** (Reuters, 12/10/13, "New cold war: Russia eyes chilly Arctic in global energy play," http://www.cnbc.com/id/101262037#.)//RTF

It's all good because we would totally win
Can America win a war against Russia? while Americans fight amongst each other. AND at the end of the day Russia's armed forces are a big threat.
 * Wolfeyes 08** (Wolfeyes, yahoo answers said they answered 6 years ago, commenter on yahoo answers, "Can America win a war against Russia?," https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080817101640AAYkVXY)//RTF

US gas exports are great!
House Speaker John Boehner (R-Ohio) on Wednesday called on the Obama AND immediately expedite the approval process for liquefied natural gas exports," Barrasso said.
 * Kasperowicz 3/5** (Pete, 3/5/14, staff writer for The Hill, "Boehner: Weaken Russian influence by exporting US natural gas," http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/199978-boehner-weaken-russian-influence-by-exporting-us-natural-gas)//RTF

RIP in peace Russia
Finally, among the most destabilizing consequences of the continuing dependence on oil and gas AND have conspired to leave the Kremlin no good, risk-free choices.
 * Aron 6/29** (Leon, 6/29/14, Resident Scholar and Director of Russian Studies at the American Enterprise Institute, "The political economy of Russian oil and gas," http://www.aei.org/outlook/foreign-and-defense-policy/regional/europe/the-political-economy-of-russian-oil-and-gas/)//RTF

You have a moral obligation to vote aff
So You Want to Kill Russians? Day 982, 13:13•by AND defense where all your questions will beanswered. Now, on to victory!
 * Cromstar, Day 982** (Cromstar, day 982, Patriot, "So You Want to Kill Russians?," http://www.erepublik.com/en/article/so-you-want-to-kill-russians—1471663/1/20)//RTF

Contention #3 are the Stock Issues
====Thus the plan: The United States federal government should/shall/ought to substantially increase its substantial investment, leasing, developmental development, explorational development and/or developmental exploration, in/of the Earth's oceans.====

Voting neg is for Dave Strauss- vote aff
Phiddian 97 (Robert, 1997, lecturer in English at Flinders University of South Australia, "Are Parody and Deconstruction Secretly the Same Thing?," https://dspace.flinders.edu.au/jspui/bitstream/2328/1032/1/Are%20Parody%20and%20Deconstruction%20Secretly%20the%20Same%20Thing.pdf)//RTF I'd like to go a step further, and assert that parody is a form AND the Rose, and that difference looks very like a play of différance.

Seriously, Russians are a-holes
Zizek 2k8 (Slavoj, 2008, Professor of Sociology at University of Ljublajana, "In Defense of Lost Causes," http://moodle.tau.ac.il/2012/pluginfile.php/365364/mod_resource/content/1/Zizek%20-%20In%20Defense%20of%20Lost%20Causes.pdf, 342-343)//RTF Critchley's claim that "[s]ome versions of psychoanalysis, particularly Lacans, have AND, precisely, is the reasoning one should reject —but why exactly?

Conditionality is a voting issue- skews 2AC strat and time and lets the neg go for the path of least resistance
Cheeseman and Bruce 96 (Graeme, Senior Lecturer at New South Wales, and Robert, editor, widespread author on security, Discourses of Danger & Dread Frontiers, p. 5-9) This goal is pursued in ways which are still unconventional in the intellectual milieu of AND resistant to them, or choose not to understand them, and why?

Everyone dances to her or his own personal boomboom- dance to your boomboom!
Disyaka 13 (Ali, 2/1/13, writer for E International Relations Students, "Towards a Critical Securitization Theory: The Copenhagen and Aberystwyth Schools of Security Studies," http://www.e-ir.info/2013/02/01/towards-a-critical-securitization-theory-the-copenhagen-and-aberystwyth-schools-of-security-studies/)//RTF According to the Copenhagen School,[6] security is about survival. Copenhagen School AND 23] In short, survival is being alive; security is living.

We control uniqueness- CIR isn't going to pass
Mark Neocleous, Prof. of Government @ Brunel, 2008 [Critique of Security, 185-6] The only way out of such a dilemma, to escape the fetish, is perhaps to eschew the logic of security altogether - to reject it as so ideologically loaded in favour of the state that any real political thought other than the authoritarian and reactionary should be pressed to give it up. That is clearly something that can not be achieved within the limits of bourgeois thought and thus could never even begin to be imagined by the security intellectual. It is also something that the constant iteration of the refrain 'this is an insecure world' and reiteration of one fear, anxiety and insecurity after another will also make it hard to do. But it is something that the critique of security suggests we may have to consider if we want a political way out of the impasse of security. This impasse exists because security has now become so all-encompassing that it marginalises all else, most notably the constructive conflicts, debates and discussions that animate political life. The constant prioritising of a mythical security as a political end - as the political end constitutes a rejection of politics in any meaningful sense of the term. That is, as a mode of action in which differences can be articulated, in which the conflicts and struggles that arise from such differences can be fought for and negotiated, in which people might come to believe that another world is possible - that they might transform the world and in turn be transformed. Security politics simply removes this; worse, it remoeves it while purportedly addressing it. In so doing it suppresses all issues of power and turns political questions into debates about the most efficient way to achieve 'security', despite the fact that we are never quite told - never could be told - what might count as having achieved it. Security politics is, in this sense, an anti-politics,"' dominating political discourse in much the same manner as the security state tries to dominate human beings, reinforcing security fetishism and the monopolistic character of security on the political imagination. We therefore need to get beyond security politics, not add yet more 'sectors' to it in a way that simply expands the scope of the state and legitimises state intervention in yet more and more areas of our lives. Simon Dalby reports a personal communication with Michael Williams, co-editor of the important text Critical Security Studies, in which the latter asks: if you take away security, what do you put in the hole that's left behind? But I'm inclined to agree with Dalby: maybe there is no hole."' The mistake has been to think that there is a hole and that this hole needs to be filled with a new vision or revision of security in which it is re-mapped or civilised or gendered or humanised or expanded or whatever. All of these ultimately remain within the statist political imaginary, and consequently end up reaffirming the state as the terrain of modern politics, the grounds of security. The real task is not to fill the supposed hole with yet another vision of security, but to fight for an alternative political language which takes us beyond the narrow horizon of bourgeois security and which therefore does not constantly throw us into the arms of the state. That's the point of critical politics: to develop a new political language more adequate to the kind of society we want. Thus while much of what I have said here has been of a negative order, part of the tradition of critical theory is that the negative may be as significant as the positive in setting thought on new paths. For if security really is the supreme concept of bourgeois society and the fundamental thematic of liberalism, then to keep harping on about insecurity and to keep demanding 'more security' (while meekly hoping that this increased security doesn't damage our liberty) is to blind ourselves to the possibility of building real alternatives to the authoritarian tendencies in contemporary politics. To situate ourselves against security politics would allow us to circumvent the debilitating effect achieved through the constant securitising of social and political issues, debilitating in the sense that 'security' helps consolidate the power of the existing forms of social domination and justifies the short-circuiting of even the most democratic forms. It would also allow us to forge another kind of politics centred on a different conception of the good. We need a new way of thinking and talking about social being and politics that moves us beyond security. This would perhaps be emancipatory in the true sense of the word. What this might mean, precisely, must be open to debate. But it certainly requires recognising that security is an illusion that has forgotten it is an illusion; it requires recognising that security is not the same as solidarity; it requires accepting that insecurity is part of the human condition, and thus giving up the search for the certainty of security and instead learning to tolerate the uncertainties, ambiguities and 'insecurities' that come with being human; it requires accepting that 'securitizing' an issue does not mean dealing with it politically, but bracketing it out and handing it to the state; it requires us to be brave enough to return the gift."' Also, Congress doesn't get the blame for anything—they're too adorable The AND tight, and give him a big, sloppy kiss on the cheek.

I promise we're topical! (not entirely highlighted)
Burke 07 (Anthony, 2007, Australian political theorist and international relations scholar and Associate Professor (Reader) of Politics and International Relations in the University of New South Wales, "Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason," Project MUSE)//RTF Two Ontologies of War This essay develops a theory about the causes of war — AND much as enlightenment; the destruction of nature as much as its utilisation.

=NEG =

=__ VS. CFJMP Colesy & Gaby (NOPP Exploration) __= __ 1NC Off Case __

**Capitalism Kritik **

 * Export-Import Bank Politics DA **


 * Navy CP **

__ 1NC On Case __
= =

Current funding is sufficient
Woglom, 14 - Vice President, Conservation Policy and Programs, for Ocean Conservancy. (Emily, March 4, 2014 “Obama Pushes for Needed Boost in Ocean Funding” http://blog.oceanconservancy.org/2014/03/04/obama-pushes-for-needed-boost-in-ocean-funding/)//gingE The White House released President Obama’s budget proposal for fiscal year 2015 today. The AND feel confident that ocean priorities will be strongly supported in the coming year.

Current science diplomacy solves
Hormats 3/12 - Served Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment (Robert, “Science Diplomacy and Twenty-First Century Statecraft”) AAAS [] (LT) SCIENCE diplomacy is a central component of America’s twenty-first century statecraft agenda. AND top submissions will receive financial support, business mentorship, and networking opportunities.

Ocean acidification not happening now and there’s no impact
Eschenbach, 11 - B.A. Psychology, Sonoma State University (Willis, “The Ocean Is Not Getting Acidified” December 27, 2011 http://wattsupwiththat.com/2011/12/27/the-ocean-is-not-getting-acidified/)//gingE There’s an interesting study out on the natural pH changes in the ocean. I AND //to life//, which doesn’t like alkalinity but doesn’t mind acidity at all.

No risk of conflict
China Post, 11 (The China Post news staff “Armed conflict for control of South China Sea unlikely” June 23, 2011 http://www.chinapost.com.tw/editorial/world-issues/2011/06/23/307134/Armed-conflict.htm)//gingE Taiwan isn't much concerned, though tensions are mounting over the Spratlys. The Ministry AND currency to promote economic growth and enable the Vietnamese people to live better.

Conflicts won’t escalate—they’ll just be propelled towards peace talks
Gupta, 11 - Associate Fellow at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses in New Delhi (Rukmani, October 23, 2011“South China Sea Conflict? No Way” http://thediplomat.com/2011/10/south-china-sea-conflict-no-way/?all=true)//gingE The South China Sea issue – and China’s position on it – have been the AND pipelines.’ The prospect of threats to SLOCS thus seems somewhat exaggerated.

Disease won’t lead to extinction
Posner, 5 - senior lecturer at the University of Chicago Law School (Richard A, 2005, “Catastrophe: the dozen most significant catastrophic risks and what we can do about them.” http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-130930466.html)//gingE Yet the fact that Homo sapiens has managed to survive every disease to assail it AND through gene splicing into a far more lethal pathogen than smallpox ever was.

Disease modeling checks extinction
Schwartz, 9 - American Physical Society, (Ira, “Fluctuations in epidemic modeling - disease extinction and control” Physical Society, 2009 APS March Meeting, March 16-20, 2009, abstract #D7.003 http: adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009APS..MAR.D7003S)//gingE The analysis of infectious disease fluctuations has recently seen an increasing rise in the use AND may lead to improved methods of controlling disease where random vaccinations are prevalent.

No need for antibiotic diversification now
Salyers and Whitt, 5 - Microbiology professors at the U of Illinois (Abigail and Dixie, Revenge of the Microbes: how bacterial resistance is undermining the antibiotic miracle, p 38)//gingE If we lose antibiotics, will we return to a truly pre-antibiotic era AND situation will not be grim, but it may not become completely hopeless.

NOPP fails – no actual agency participation
Pomponi, 4 - Acting Managing Director, Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution (Shirley, “U.S. COMMISSION ON OCEAN POLICY PRELIMINARY REPORT” HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 5/5 []) Q1. In your testimony you expressed support for the Commission's recommendation to establish a AND perhaps better defined, more urgent programs that indeed are congressionally- mandated.

Can’t solve for decades
Avery, 13 **-** DIRECTOR, WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION (Susan, “DEEP SEA CHALLENGE: INNOVATIVE PARTNERSHIPS IN OCEAN OBSERVATION” S. HRG. 113–268, 6/13, gpo.gov)//DH In reality science is a continuum from basic through applied research and the integration of AND high due to the harsh working environment and cost of accessing the ocean.

Politics blocks ocean preservation
Sielen, 14 **-** ALAN B. SIELEN is Senior Fellow for International Environmental Policy at the Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (“Sea Change: How to Save the Oceans” 4/16, [] There is no shortage of international recommendations, action plans, and other prescriptions for AND the longer government and society delay effective action, the worse things get.