Ella+and+Jax

=1AC Info = contact Ella Fisher- ellamfisher@gmail.com

Abolition 1AC
**Rivera 2007** (Sylvia, it’s a war in here: a report on the treatment of transgender and intersex people in new yorks mens state prison, Sylvia rivera law project, [], LB) Concurrent with the expansion of prison populations, funding, and construction, the U AND gender non-conforming, and intersex people in prison must be understood.
 * The war on drugs created the deadliest form of the prison industrial complex – from its conceptions, transgender people and persons of color have been unfairly locked up and forced in climate that directly violated any conception of human rights **

**Stanley 2011** (Eric A., and Nat Smith. Captive Genders: Trans Embodiment and the Prison Industrial Complex. Oakland, CA: AK, 2011,, LB) Trans/gender-non-conforming and queer people, along with many others AND sexuality that displaces both heterosexuality and gender normativity as measures of worth.12
 * Transgender bodies are placed in a panopticon by civil society – this surveillance is all pervasive and demands absolute knowledge of who these people and a desire to ‘restore them to the way they should be’ – instead of allowing this vicious imposition of security to continue, you should affirm an abolitionist approach to the prison industrial complex **

**This desubjectification of life can only ever be classified as genocide – there is a gendered cleansing taking part across the nation which can’t be changed absent a change in policy** **Kidd & Written 2008** (jeremy d. department of geronotology, Virginia university, tarynn M., phd school of social work, Virginia common wealth/executive director, 6/3/08, transgender and transsexual identities: the next strange fruit – hate crimes, violence, and genocide against the global trans-communities”, LB) As mentioned earlier, the treatment of the transgender population with respect to violence and <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">is room enough for everybody to live peaceable lives as they see fit.


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Thus the plan: The United States federal government should abolish its domestic prisons. **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**David 8** (gilbert, “A SYSTEM WITH IN THE SYSTEM: THE PRISON INDUSTRIAL COM PLEX AND IMPERIALISM,” Abolition Now! Ten Years of Strategy and Struggle Against the Prison Industrial Complex, ed. CR-10 Publications Collective, 2008, LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">"Imperialism" may sound like the kind of rhetoric we want to avoid, <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">line of such repression is a truly violent and harmful prison industrial complex.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The prison industrial complex should come first – the imperial nature of the PIC functions as an impact magnifier for any eruption of violence **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Spade et al 2011** (Dean, Captive Genders: BUILDING AN ABOLITIONIST TRANS AND QUEER MOVEMENT WITH EVERYTHING WE’VE GOT. Oakland, CA: AK, 2011,, LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">This stuff is heavy, we realize. Our communities and our movements are up <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">begin speaking what we have not yet had the words to wish for.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">We don’t have to win absolute solvency – the act of imagining hope for a better future breaks out of cycles of transphobia which is the first step to a less exclusionary world order **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Lamble 11** (S., Professor at the University of London, Birkbeck College of Law TRANSFORMING CARCERAL LOGICS: 10 Reasons to Dismantle the Prison Industrial Complex Through Queer/Trans Analysis and Action," from Captive Genders: Trans Embodiment and the Prison Industrial Complex, LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Develop effective alternatives. Dismantling the prison industrial complex is impossible without developing alternative community <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">” is part of the daily practice of creating a world without cages.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Alternatives to prisons exist in the status quo – a strategy of everyday abolition means recentering our pedagogy around struggles for self determination **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Our strategy is not reformism, nor is it a call for fixing a broken system but a total destruction of prison society** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Herzing 2005** (Rachel, activist from the US with almost 20 years of organising experience, came to the forum and gave a talk about the work and politics of two US prison abolitionist organisations "Defending Justice - What Is The Prison Industrial Complex?" N.p., 2005. Web. 17 July 2015. [], LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The U.S. prison industrial complex is not a broken system in need <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">reforms have only made the prison industrial complex stronger and more durable.23

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Davis 2003** (Angela Y professor of history of consciousness at the University of California, Are Prisons Obsolete? New York: Seven Stories, 2003, [], LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">An abolitionist approach that seeks to answer questions such as these would require us to <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">who wishes to conquer drug addiction should be able to enter treatment programs.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Refuse any ideology that demands the continuation of the prison system – white supremacy creates laws to capture any form of alterity that exists in our perfect world, working on helping people at an individual level is more beneficial for those encaged now **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**GEWIRTH 1981**(Alan, prof of philosophy at U Chicago, “Are There Any Absolute Rights?,” Philosophical Quarterly, January) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">It is a widely held opinion that there are no absolute rights. Consider what <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">of the valid principle of morality in its equal application to all persons.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Abolishing prisons may seem to have monolithic disadvantages—but the consequences of the plan are out of our hands—either rights are absolute and the aff wins or they’re not and the neg’s moral calculus is incoherent. The question of the debate is whether or not the plan is a moral action. The judge as a moral agent is not responsible for intervening actors no matter how negative the consequences. Decisions post plan are out of your power to determine and therefore vote aff. No consequence justifies voting neg—either rights are absolute and we win, or they’re not, and the neg’s moral calculus is incoherent. Consequentialism with no limit results in constantly escalating evils which make it self-defeating and also undermines the value of life **

=<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Race Census 1AC = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Mezey, 3 –** Professor of Law at Georgetown University (Naomi, “Erasure and Recognition: The Census, Race and the National Imagination”, 97 Nw. U. L. Rev. 1701-1768 (2003) Northwestern University Law Review, 2003)jml <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> The Power to Discipline But power, needless to say, is at once affirmative <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> nineteenth century, it was being replaced by something different: normal people."
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The census has always been a powerful means of state surveillance—from its very inception, census-taking has been a means to maintain a violent social order **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> **Kertzer and Arel, 2 -** * PhD, Paul Dupee, Jr. University Professor of Social Science, Professor of Anthropology, and Professor of Italian Studies at Brown University PhD, Associate Professor of Political Science and Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Ottawa, Canada (David and Dominique, “Census and Identity: The Politics of Race, Ethnicity, and Language in National Censuses,” 2002)jml <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> State modernity and the impetus to categorize The significance of official state certification of collective <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> gener- ally determined by language rather than physical traits (Brown 1996).
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Specifically, racial categorization on the census is used to maintain a colonial order of racial exclusion **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Torres 99** (maría de los Angeles. Maria is the director and professor of Latin American and Latino Studies at the University of Illinois in Chicago, she has a PhD in Political Science from the University of Michigan, “In the land of mirrors: Cuban exile politics in the United States,” University of Michigan Press, 1999. pp. pp. 188-189, LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Furthermore. although these home countries were not direct colonies of the United States ( <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> particular geographic space, nor ... tied to a single predetermined political position."
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The categorization of racial identity on the census demands a static recognition based in the politics of state surveillance to crowd out alternative conceptions of cultural identity based in hybridity and mutuality **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Prashad 2011** (vijay, director of the international studies program at trinity college, everyone was kung fu fighting: afro-asian connections and the myth of cultural purity, project muse, LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> This "racism with a distance" ignores our mulatto history, the long waves <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> it forbids us to see culture as static and antiracist critique as impossible.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">This hybridity is polyculturalism, the recognition that racial and cultural categories are not only socially constructed but also historically intertwined such that their state categorization is nothing but an arbitrary imposition of power. A polycultural understanding of race is a necessary check on colonial racism **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Memmi 2K** (Albert, Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ U of Paris, Naiteire, Racism, Translated by Steve Martinot, p. 163-165) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> The struggle against racism will be long, difficult, without intermission, without remission <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">. True, it is a wager, but the stakes are irresistible.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">No moral order is possible while racism is tolerated—ethics are meaningless without a prior rejection of it **


 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Hence the plan: The United States Federal Government should eliminate racial categorization on the United States Census. **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**CAPLAN 2012** (Arthur Caplan is head of the division of medical ethics at New York University's Langone Medical Center, “Time to drop racial categories in census,” Chicago Tribune, August 16, http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-08-16/site/ct-persepc-0816-race-20120816_1_racial-categories-race-and-ethnicity-questions-quadroons) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> The U.S. Census Bureau announced that it wants to make a number <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> is time for Congress to tell the Census Bureau to do the same.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Total elimination of racial categories on the census is necessary—reform isn’t enough **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Thompson, 10 –** PhD candidate (poli sci) at University of Toronto (Debra Elizabeth, “Seeing Like a Racial State: The Census and the Politics of Race in the United States, Great Britain and Canada” A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science, 2010)jml <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> A more focused lens is necessary in order to examine how policy-makers propose <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> bargaining and resources – and leads to the policy outcomes of these cases.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">There is no alternative to state engagement—we have to engage the policy details of the census to confront racist violence **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Mezey, 3 –** Professor of Law at Georgetown University (Naomi, “Erasure and Recognition: The Census, Race and the National Imagination”, 97 Nw. U. L. Rev. 1701-1768 (2003) Northwestern University Law Review, 2003)jml <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> In modem America, the census epitomizes the examination as an instrument of power. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> knowledge that may be gained of him belong to this production.""' 4
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Debates about identity, surveillance, and power must start with the census—state classification renders subjects into objects of observation and control **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**ESPINOZA 1997** (Leslie, Associate Professor of Law, Boston College Law School, California Law Review, October) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Race certainly is operational. 80 For each group, race provides benefits and burdens <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> in a way that leaves us lonely, isolated and mired in poverty.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">There’s no benefit to state programs based on race until the categories are deconstructed—welfare programs solidify violent categories and undermine struggles for justice **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Wendland 2003** (joe, peace activist in Michigan and Ohio and teaches in the Ethnic Studies Department at Bowling green State University. Chopping Through the Foundations of Racism With Vijay Prashad, [], LB) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Racism, like racialism, is not natural to human social relations. More specifically <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> anti-racist and anti-capitalist alliances can be organized and cultivated.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Our strategy is distinct from colorblindness and multiculturalism, both of which have only served to circulate white supremacy—polyculturalism allows us to build on the limited successes scored against white supremacy to constitute more far-reaching resistance **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Hipwell, 4** - Department of Geography, College of Social Sciences, Kyungpook National University (William T., ‘A Deleuzian critique of resource-use management politics in Industria’ The Canadian Geographer 48, no 3 (2004) 356–377)//jml <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Identity. When you begin making decisions and cutting it up, rules and names <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> other ‘wild zones’ (Dalby 2001), one must have good instincts.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Identity categories are in constant flux—ontologizing race only reinscribes violence **

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**HARRIS 1994**** (Angela, Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley, Boalt Hall School of Law, California Law Review, July) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Discourse theory relies on a social constructionist understanding of the concepts "language" and <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">AND <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">163 the concept with which, John Calmore says, CRT begins. 164
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Words matter—our exposure of racial tradeoffs can help to disrupt white supremacy. The state is important but words on the census are proof that the circulation of categories in language also forms the social world in which we live **

=<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Past 2NR's = <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">contact Jax Rounds- jaxr1999@gmail.com

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Round 1 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1AC: NSA <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NC: T non-public, ex-post cp, terror da, legalism, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NC: Legalism, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NR: T, terror disad <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NR: Legalism, case

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Round 2 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1AC: FCC <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NC: T non-public, legalism, whistle-blowers cp, tpa ptx, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NC: Case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NR: Ptx <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NR: Case

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Round 3 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1AC: Zero-days <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NC: Legalism, T curtail, Cuba ptx, heg bad, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NC: Heg bad, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NR: Ptx <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NR: Heg bad, case

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Round 4 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1AC: FCC <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NC: T curtail, Cuba ptx, legalism, heg bad, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NC: Heg bad, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NR: Ptx <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NR: Heg bad, case

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Round 5 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1AC: Section 702 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NC: T curtrail, Cuba ptx, legalism, heg bad, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NC: Heg bad, case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NR: Ptx <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NR: Heg bad, case

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**I've also been a 1n for a few rounds, the 1nr's have been Agamben vs Islamohophobia and Legalism vs FCC and Religious surveillance

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Tournament: <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Round 1 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1AC: Islamophobia with "My partner and I advocate that the United States Federal Government should substantially curtail its domestic surveillance of Muslim bodies." <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1NC: Legalism, T USFG, politics, BAR cp, narratives bad and circumvention on case <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2NC: T USFG, Legalism, case 1NR: Politics 2NR: T USFG, Politics, case

Round 4 1AC: Islamophobia with a plan text 1NC: Agamben, T non-public. Iran ptx, BAR cp, util good and circumvention on case 2NC: Agamben, circumvention 1NR: Iran ptx and util 2NR: Iran ptx, circumvention, and util