Jonah+and+Ben

FCC 1ac - plan
====The United States federal government should substantially curtail National Security Agency surveillance of domestic communications to or from United States persons through Federal Communications Commission oversight.====

Legal prohibitions bar NSA domestic surveillance – but the lack of a credible oversight mechanism means the NSA actively captures US person data through section 702 and XO 12333
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) The NSA, originally formed to monitor outside threats to the security of the United AND opinion shows that Americans are dissatisfied with the reach of government surveillance.29

Existing oversight mechanisms guarantee NSA circumvention of prohibitions on domestic surveillance – that creates a confidence crisis in the future of the internet
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) III. OVERSIGHT IS NEEDED, AND THE FCC SHOULD PROVIDE IT A. Existing AND all preventive executive, legislative, and internal controls have not been effective.

The perception of surveillance overreach wrecks the US internet freedom agenda
Kehl, 14 – Policy Analyst at New America's Open Technology Institute (Danielle, "Surveillance Costs: The NSA's Impact on the Economy, Internet Freedom & Cybersecurity" July, https://www.newamerica.org/oti/surveillance-costs-the-nsas-impact-on-the-economy-internet-freedom-cybersecurity/ The effects of the NSA disclosures on the Internet Freedom agenda go beyond the realm AND overall decline in U.S. soft power on free expression issues.

The US needs to draw a sharp distinction between domestic and national security surveillance to make the US Internet Freedom agenda credible – otherwise global internet fragmentation will result
Fontaine, 14 – President of the Center for a New American Security; was foreign policy advisor to Senator John McCain for more than five years; Worked at the State Department, the National Security Council and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; was associate director for near Eastern affairs at the National Security Council; B.A. in International Relations from Tulan University (Richard, "Bringing Liberty Online; Reenergizing the Internet Freedom Agenda in a Post-Snowden Era", Center for a New American Security, September 18, 2014, http://www.cnas.org/sites/default/files/publications-pdf/CNAS_BringingLibertyOnline_Fontaine.pdf)//TT The 2013 revelations of mass surveillance by the U. AND that EU officials said stemmed directly from worries after the Snowden disclosures.32
 * edited for language

Data localization will destroy global economic growth
Chandler and Le, 15 - * Director, California International Law Center, Professor of Law and Martin Luther King, Jr. Hall Research Scholar, University of California, Davis; A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Yale Law School AND **Free Speech and Technology Fellow, California International Law Center; A.B., Yale College; J.D., University of California, Davis School of Law (Anupam and Uyen, "DATA NATIONALISM" 64 Emory L.J. 677, lexis) C. Economic Development Many governments believe that by forcing companies to localize data within AND aggregating data across borders. We discuss the impacts on these trends below.

Economic decline causes war and miscalculation
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict AND such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views.
 * Royal 10** — Jedidiah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, M.Phil. Candidate at the University of New South Wales, 2010 ("Economic Integration, Economic Signalling and the Problem of Economic Crises," Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, Edited by Ben Goldsmith and Jurgen Brauer, Published by Emerald Group Publishing, ISBN 0857240048, p. 213-215)

NSA surveillance is crushing U.S. cloud-computing – decks competitiveness and spills over to the entire tech sector
by U.S. firms, gaining market share in the process.
 * Donohue 15 – Professor of Law, Georgetown Law and Director, Center on National Security and the Law, Georgetown Law (Lauren, HIGH TECHNOLOGY, CONSUMER PRIVACY, AND U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY, Symposium Articles, 4 Am. U. Bus. L. Rev. 11 p.15-18, 2015, Hein Online)//JJ**
 * I. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NSA PROGRAMS The NSA programs, and public awareness of**
 * AND**

The best and newest research confirms the link
Marthews and Tucker, 15 – * National Chair at Restore the Fourth AND **PhD in economics and professor of Marketing at MIT (Alex and Catherine, "Government Surveillance and Internet Search Behavior", 29 April 2015, file:///C:/Users/17GGonzalez/Downloads/SSRN-id2412564%20(2).pdf)//gg This study is the first to provide substantial empirical documentation of a chilling effect, AND potential for effects of government surveillance practices on commercial outcomes and international competitiveness.

That undermines US global technological leadership
Castro and McQuinn 15, Daniel Castro works at the Center for Data Innovation, Government Technology, The Information Technology & Innovation Foundation, worked at the U.S. Government Accountability Office, went to Carnegie Mellon. Alan McQuinn works at the Federal Communications Commission, previously had the Bill Archer Fellowship at the University of Texas, (June 2015, "Beyond the USA Freedom Act: How U.S. Surveillance Still Subverts U.S. Competitiveness", file:///C:/Users/Mark/Downloads/2015-beyond-usa-freedom-act.pdf)//AK CONCLUSION When historians write about this period in U.S. history it could AND . government enable its tech industry to effectively compete in the global market.

Tech leadership is the primary driver of hegemony –
So what accounts for America's transformative capacity? AND primarily) a commercial matter—even when the NSS "goes commercial.
 * Weiss 14 – Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia, Professor Emeritus in Government and International Relations at the University of Sydney, Honorary Professor of Political Science at Aarhus University. (Linda, America Inc.?: Innovation and Enterprise in the National Security State, Cornell University Press, 4/1/14, p. 1-3)//JJ**
 * NSS=National Security State**

Hegemonic decline causes great power wars
Zhang et al., Carnegie Endowment researcher, 2011 (Yuhan, "America's decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry", 1-22, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/, ldg) This does not necessarily mean that the US is in systemic decline, but it AND forecast in a future that will inevitably be devoid of unrivalled US primacy.

Hegemony is the only solution – Solves terrorism, global conflicts, and economic stability
In the twenty-first century, the United States effectively claims a monopoly on AND more strategic United States would preside over a more peaceful and prosperous world.
 * Babones, 6-11**- [Salvatore Babones, Associate Professor at the University of Sydney, PhD in Sociology and Social Policy, Fellow at the Institute for Policy Studies, Washington, 6-11-2015, American Hegemony Is Here to Stay: U.S. hegemony is now as firm as or firmer than it has ever been, and will remain so for a long time to come, The National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/feature/american-hegemony-here-stay-13089?page=3 and 4] Jeong

Cloud computing solves climate modeling
Boyce, 10 [Eric, technical writer and user advocate for The Rackspace Cloud, September 14, 2010 http://www.rackspacecloud.com/blog/2010/09/14/the-future-of-cloud-computing-the-big-25-in-the-next-25/] The promise of the cloud isn't just about gaming and the ability to safely store AND power will provide better predictions of climate change and more rapid early warning systems

Key to warming adaptation
Pope, 10 [ Vicky Pope is the head of climate science advice at the Met Office Hadley Centre, " How science will shape climate adaptation plans," 16 September 2010, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2010/sep/16/science-climate-change-adaptation] Some would argue that the demand for information on how climate change will affect our AND will be used to underpin sensible adaptation decisions which will determine our future.

Warming is a threat magnifier, makes all impacts inevitable and causes extinction
Pascual and Elkind 2010 (Carlos [US Ambassador to Mexico, Served as VP of foreign policy @ Brookings]; Jonathan [principal dep ass sec for policy and int energy @ DOE]; Energy Security; p 5; kdf) Climate change is arguably the greatest challenge facing the human race. It poses profound AND and ongoing evolution of the ways in which we live our lives.

Cloud computing is also critical to space situational awareness—solves asteroids and debris
Johnston et al 9 [Steven, PhD in computer engineering and MEng degree in software engineering, specializes in cloud-based architecture, Kenji Takeda, Solutions Architect and Technical Manager for the Microsoft Research Connections EMEA team, has extensive experience in Cloud Computing, Hugh Lewis, professor at University of Southampton, specialist in space situational awareness, Simon Cox, professor of Computational Methods and Director of the Microsoft Institute for High Performance Computing at University of Southampton, Graham Swinerd, professor at University of Southampton, specializes in space situational awareness, "Cloud Computing for Planetary Defense", http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/71883/1/John_09.pdf, October 2009, 3/31/15] Abstract In this paper we demonstrate how a cloud-based computing architecture can AND NEO trajectory and impact analysis to help improve planetary defencs capability for all.

We have deflection capabilities, but detection is key
Wall, 13 – senior writer at space.com (Mike, Space.com, "How Humanity Could Deflect a Giant Killer Asteroid", 11/22/13, http://www.space.com/23530-killer-asteroid-deflection-saving-humanity.html, //11) Humanity has the skills and know-how to deflect a killer asteroid of virtually AND between risks that threaten 99% of humanity and those that threaten 100%.

FCC oversight of the NSA curtails bulk internet surveillance and enforces targeted surveillance that excludes domestic users. FCC technical expertise and transparency prevent circumvention
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) IV. HOW THE FCC SHOULD ADDRESS THE NSA SURVEILLANCE: IMPLEMENTING THE SOLUTION Congress AND to the oversight of the NSA and Congress should pursue codifying this solution.

FCC public visibility, expertise in communication tech, and data analysis curb overreaching and boost public and industry confidence in privacy protection
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) C. The FCC mission can be naturally expanded to protect privacy in relation to AND agency particularly well-suited to provide helpful insights to the FISA Court.

FCC has the technical expertise to effectively curtail NSA internet surveillance
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) The NSA's extensive surveillance of U.S. citizens was brought into the spotlight AND surveillance activities, laying out possible, practical solutions that Congress should provide.

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