Evelyn+and+Eleanor


 * Plan text:** **The United States federal government should eliminate its military presence in South Korea**


 * Contention One: Commercial Sex Industry**

"Where there are soldiers...Ho Chi Minh City, 1992."
 * US military presence in Korea sustains the commercial sex industry and violence—Americans project Orientalist and gendered notions of culture onto Korean women to maintain a permanent underclass in Korea**
 * Moon 09** - Wellesley College professor (Katharine H.S. “Military Prostitution and the U.S. Military in Asia” in The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus. Posted on January 17, 2009. [], MT)

"Many governments have long promoted...colonialism and cultural domination."
 * The commercial sex industry in South Korea stems from an Orientalist idea of dominance that sees Asians as weak, feminine and submissive, reliant on American military protection**
 * Wu 2k4** (Nadine, James Madison University, “The Dynamics of Orientalism and Globalization in the International Sex Industry and Human Trafficking,” 2004, []) SLV


 * Military violence is neither natural nor inevitable—war is sustained by gendered systems of identity like military commercial sex industry**
 * Enloe 93** – Professor in the Department of International Development, Community, and Environment at Clark University, Ph.D in Political Science from UC Berkeley (Cynthia Enloe, “The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War” p. 245-248, MT)

"Conquerors' mistresses, wartime rape victims...militias as the most analytically interesting"

"The filmmakers weren't able...American side of the rising Cold War wall.9"
 * Representations of a dangerous world solidify the gendered order of international relations. The war in Korea will never end until military masculinity is challenged**
 * Enloe 93** – Professor in the Department of International Development, Community, and Environment at Clark University, Ph.D in Political Science from UC Berkeley (Cynthia Enloe, “The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War” p. 12-16, MT)

"The notion of patriarchy as...connections in regional, national, and global."
 * Patriarchal militarism will end life on Earth**
 * Warren and Cady 94** (Karen and Duane, Professors of Philosophy at Malacaster College and Hamline University, Hypatia, Spring)

"Since its publication...a few outnumbered Americans."
 * The Orientalist notion that Korea must be defended is wrong and makes war inevitable**
 * Barkawi 08** (Tarak, lecturer in international security at the Centre of International Studies, University of Cambridge, specializes in the study of war, “Orientalism at War in Korea,” []) SLV

"In Olongapo and Angeles in the Philippines...massage parlors and brothels."
 * The military commercial sex industry in Korea is sustained by racist depictions of Asian women—the legacy of US occupation exacerbates racism in both Asia and the United States**
 * Moon** **97** – Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College, Department of Political Science and Edith Stix Wasserman Chair of Asian Studies (Katherine, “Sex among Allies” 1997, p. 33-35, MT)

"The struggle against racism...the stakes are irresistible."
 * Racism is evil and must be resisted for humanity to survive**
 * Memmi 2k** (Albert, Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ U of Paris, Naiteire, Racism, Translated by Steve Martinot, p. 163-165)


 * Contention Two: Solvency**

"It's true that in international politics...scarcely begun to fathom."
 * Intervening at the site of the military commercial sex industry allows us to challenge the masculine international order as a whole**
 * Enloe 93** – Professor in the Department of International Development, Community, and Environment at Clark University, Ph.D in Political Science from UC Berkeley (Cynthia Enloe, “Bananas, Beaches and Bases” p. 16-18 MT)

"Making women invisible...depends on notions of wifely duty."
 * The notion that America must protect its vulnerable allies maintains patriarchy—the reasons for the plan are significant because they cast it as a challenge to patriarchy rather than a cosmetic change in the patriarchal system**
 * Enloe 93** – Professor in the Department of International Development, Community, and Environment at Clark University, Ph.D in Political Science from UC Berkeley (Cynthia Enloe, “Bananas, Beaches and Bases” p. 11-15 MT)

"It is a misplaced hope...partners in a post Cold War dance"
 * Reducing Military presence alone doesn’t solve—we must prioritize an understanding of masculinity and femininity to truly demilitarize and break the cycle of militarization and patriarchal attitudes.**
 * Enloe 93** – Professor in the Department of International Development, Community, and Environment at Clark University, Ph.D in Political Science from UC Berkeley (Cynthia Enloe, “The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War” p. 21-31 MT)


 * Our challenge to patriarchy can fundamentally transform the international system—all types of destruction and violence are inevitable until this is done**
 * Warren 94.** Professor of philosophy at Macalester College. (Ecological Feminism, p. 193-194), MR

"In a similar vein, Paula Smithka...itself breeds violence"


 * Contention 3: Deterrence**

Cohn, 1990 (Carol, Director of the Boston Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights, and a Senior Research Scholar at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, “’Clean Bombs’ and Clean Language,” in “Women, militarism, and war: essays in history, politics, and social theory,” by Jean Bethke Elshtain and Sheila Tobias, p. 37-38, TH) "This analogy is so striking because... limits for their children."
 * Deterrence theory is based on patriarchal conceptions of the United States which legitimizes violence while paternalizing the rest of the world**

Cohn, 1990 (Carol, Director of the Boston Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights, and a Senior Research Scholar at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, “’Clean Bombs’ and Clean Language,” in “Women, militarism, and war: essays in history, politics, and social theory,” by Jean Bethke Elshtain and Sheila Tobias, p. 46-48, TH)
 * Deterrence theory relies on abstraction, not reality. It takes the weapons as the reference point, which obscures the human costs inherent to deterrence**

"The problem, however...become more comprehensible."

**Rhetoric of nuclear deterrence entrenches the US’s masculine domination of the nuclear control.** **Cohn, 87** – Ph.D., Director of the Consortium on Gender, Security and Human Rights. (Summer 1987, Carol, Sex and Death in the of Defense Intellectuals Source: Signs, Vol. 12, No. 4, Within and Without: Women, Gender, and Theory, pp. 687-718. Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3174209, JSTOR, SW).

" The patriarchal bargain could... father carries the bigger stick."