Will+&+Mitch

Neg

1NCs Consumption K HTF Midterms (GOP Good) T - Its Military CP China Data Sharing CP Russia SOI DA

2NR's Midterms China Data Sharing CP Consumption

Aff

Plan:

The United States Federal Government should fund and implement a substantial number of demonstration projects to develop the ocean via non-military nuclear desalination.
Solvency

1.) Desalination inevitable but insufficient and unsustainable now - Funding nuclear desalination demonstration project is the only way to prevent food and water crises globally
Glapke 2011 (Emmanuel Glapke is professor of Mechanical Engineering at Howard University, August 2011 “Nuclear desalination: A cure for drought” The New York Beacon, Proquest) It's -Come

2.) That’s key to infinite water – desalination is just becoming competitive but federal funding key to resolve market uncertainty NRC 2008 (National Research Council - Committee on Advancing Desalination Technology Water Science and Technology Board Division on Earth and Life Studies. AMY K. ZANDER, Chair, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York MENACHEM ELIMELECH, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut DAVID H. FURUKAWA, Separation Consultants Inc., Poway, California PETER GLEICK, Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security, Oakland, California KENNETH HERD, Southwest Florida Water Management District, Brooksville, Florida KIMBERLY L. JONES, Howard University, Washington, DC PHILIP ROLCHIGO, Pentair, Inc., Golden Valley, Minnesota SANDEEP SETHI, Carollo Engineers, Sarasota, Florida JOHN TONNER, Water Consultants International, Mequon, Wisconsin HENRY J. VAUX, University of California, Berkeley JUDITH S. WEIS, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, WARREN W. WOOD, Michigan State University, East Lansing. “Desalination: A National Perspective” [] ) Efforts-Sector

3.) Nuclear energy is key – they are safe and necessary for sufficient solvency ANS 2005 (American Nuclear Society March 2005, The American Nuclear Society (ANS) is an international, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) scientific and educational organization with a membership of approximately 15,000 scientists, engineers, educators, students, and other associate members. Approximately 900 members live outside the United States in 45 countries. There are 51 U.S. and nine non-U.S. local sections, 24 nuclear plant branches and 34 student sections. ANS members represent more than 1,750 corporations, educational institutions, and government agencies “Use of Nuclear Energy for Desalination”, ANS, http://www.ans.org/pi/ps/docs/ps62.pdf) The-Projects

4.) Only the plan provides sufficient certainty to create more plants

NRC 2008+

(National Research Council - Committee on Advancing Desalination Technology Water Science and Technology Board Division on Earth and Life Studies. AMY K. ZANDER, Chair, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York MENACHEM ELIMELECH, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut DAVID H. FURUKAWA, Separation Consultants Inc., Poway, California PETER GLEICK, Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment, and Security, Oakland, California KENNETH HERD, Southwest Florida Water Management District, Brooksville, Florida KIMBERLY L. JONES, Howard University, Washington, DC PHILIP ROLCHIGO, Pentair, Inc., Golden Valley, Minnesota SANDEEP SETHI, Carollo Engineers, Sarasota, Florida JOHN TONNER, Water Consultants International, Mequon, Wisconsin HENRY J. VAUX, University of California, Berkeley JUDITH S. WEIS, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, WARREN W. WOOD, Michigan State University, East Lansing. “Desalination: A National Perspective” [])

Public-Costs

Mineral Extraction
1.) Ocean desalination creates a sustainable supply chain for phosphorus and magnesium

Fattah et al 13 – Fattah received his Ph.D degree in civil engineering (Environmental Discipline); Sina Shabani earned his B.Sc degree in civil engineering, American University of Sharjah, UAE. 2011.; Ahmed earned his M.Tech degree in civil engineering (Geotechnical) (Kazi P. Fattah, Sina Shabani, and Aqeel Ahmed, “Use of Desalinated Reject Water as a Source of Magnesium for Phosphorus Recovery,” International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, Vol. 4, No. 3, June 2013, http://www.ijcea.org/papers/286-I30007.pdf)//ac

Phosphorus-Conditions

*Magnesium Scenario

1.) Magnesium prices are high and will continue to increase

Harvey 7/7/14 – environment journalist for The Guardian

(Fiona, “Manufacturers urge action over raw metal prices amid supply worries,” The Guardian, 7/7/14, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/jul/08/raw-metal-prices-warning-uk-manufacturers-volatility)//ac

Costs-Economy

2.) We control uniqueness of magnesium prices – magnesium use and production will increase in the status quo causing price volatility – the aff’s sustainable approach of supplying magnesium is key to maintain a stable price and supply and the auto industry’s adoption

Urbance et al 2 – Randall J. Urbance, Frank Field, Randy Kirchain, Richard Roth, and Joel P. Clark are with the Material Systems Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (“Market Model Simulation: The Impact of Increased Automotive Interest in Magnesium,” August 2002 JOM, http://msl.mit.edu/publications/MktModelSimMg-UrbanceFRF-REK-RR-JPC.pdf)//ac


 * In -**results

3.) Magnesium usage is key to lightweight cars – it causes a “down-sizing spiral” that significantly increases fuel-efficiency Waldraff 11 – Dr. Andreas Waldraff has Ph.D. (Systems Dynamics of Supply Chains), Universität Stuttgart Honorary Professorship for Management, Universität Stuttgart; CEO of UBF.B Management Consultancy, a service company with a focus on automotive industry and Indo-German business (Andreas, “Magnesium gives better mileage,” German Global Trade, 6/3/11, http://www.germanglobaltrade.de/downloads/green-cities-waldraff-better-mileage-2011-06-3.pdf)//ac Volkswa gen’- Magnesium

**Warming Impact

1.) Curbing emissions from the transportation sector is key to solve anthropogenic climate change and the economy – US cost-effective policies are key

Greene and Plotkin 11 – Ph.D., Geography and Environmental Engineering and Senior Fellow at Howard H. Baker, Jr. Center for Public Policy; B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from Columbia University and a Master of Engineering (Aerospace) degree from Cornell University. He is the 2005 recipient of the Society of Automotive Engineers’ Barry D. McNutt Award for Excellence in Automotive Policy Analysis, staff scientist with Argonne National Laboratory’s Center for Transportation Research, specializing in analysis of transportation energy efficiency.

(David L. Greene and Steven E. Plotkin, “Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation,” Pew Center on Global Climate Change, January 2011, http://cta.ornl.gov/cta/Publications/Reports/Reducing_GHG_from_transportation[1].pdf)//ac

Introduction-Term

2.) Catastrophic warming risks extinction

Mazo 10 – PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA

(Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122)//BB

The-Changes

**Economy Impact

1.) Auto industry and overall economy collapse coming now

White 7/1/14 – Staff Reporter for WSJ

(Joseph, “Is U.S. Auto Sales Rebound Fading?,” Wall Street Journal, 7/1/14, http://online.wsj.com/articles/forecasters-say-u-s-auto-sales-rebound-ripe-for-swoon-1404187295)//ac

Car-Capacity

2.) First, fuel-efficiency is key to the auto industry – creates jobs and increases sales

Weiss and Weidman 12 – Daniel J. Weiss is a Senior Fellow and Director of Climate Strategy and Jackie Weidman is a Special Assistant with the Energy Team at the Center for American Progress.

(“5 Ways the Obama Administration Revived the Auto Industry by Reducing Oil Use,” Center for American Progress, August 27, 2012, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2012/08/27/34054/5-ways-the-obama-administration-revived-the-auto-industry-by-reducing-oil-use/)//ac

The-Vehicles

3.) Second is innovation – fuel efficiency creates new engineering opportunities

NRDC 12 – Natural Resource Defense Council

(“How Fuel Efficiency is Driving Job Growth in the U.S. Auto Industry,” Driving Growth, October 2012, http://drivinggrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/How_Fuel_is_Driving_Growth_October_revise.pdf)//ac

Fuel-2012

4.) The auto industry must innovate or die – Detroit and GM prove

Cai 13 – Contributor to Business Spectator

(Peter, “The decline and fall of a motoring empire,” Business Spectator, 12/23/13, http://www.businessspectator.com.au/article/2013/12/23/automotive/decline-and-fall-motoring-empire)//ac

General-Productivity

5.) Auto industry collapse would devastate the economy and manufacturing sector – causes ripple effects through other industries

Harrison 9 – Staff Reporter for CNN Money

(Sheena, “The auto collapse's ripple effects,” CNN Money, January 26, 2009, http://money.cnn.com/2009/01/23/smallbusiness/detroits_small_suppliers.smb/index.htm?postversion=2009012612)//ac

DETROIT-Said

6.) The impact is global nuclear war

Freidberg & Schonfeld, 8 --- *Professor of Politics and IR at Princeton’s Woodrow Wilson School, AND **senior editor of Commentary and a visiting scholar at the Witherspoon Institute in Princeton (10/21/2008, Aaron and Gabriel, “The Dangers of a Diminished America”, Wall Street Journal, [])

With-Leadership

*Phosphorus Scenario

1.) Timeframe Is now- production uncertainty skyrocketing now – countries are starting to react

Soil Association, 2012

(The Soil Association was founded in 1946 by a group of farmers, scientists and nutritionists who observed a direct connection between farming practice and plant, animal, human and environmental health. Today, we are the UK's leading membership charity campaigning for healthy, humane and sustainable food, farming and land use. We have over 150 staff based in Bristol and Edinburgh and working as certification inspectors across the country. The Soil Association's Chief Executive is Helen Browning, who reports to the Council of Trustees. You might expect something so vital to be organised and supported by the government. But in fact the Soil Association is a charity, reliant on donations and on the support of its members and the public to carry out its work.) “A Rock and a Hard Place: Peak Phosphorus and the threat to food security”, Soil Association, http://www.soilassociation.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=eeGPQJORrkw%3D

Unsustainable-Moroco

2.) The impact is global agrosystem and ecosystem collapse – phosphorous is key

Sholz et al 2014

(Sholz et al. Summer 2014, Guest Professor at the Institute of Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Fellowship at the Institute of Advanced Studies (STIAS) in Stellenbosch 5/09 - 9/10 Executive Director of ITARICON Swiss GmbH 2004 - 2006 Director of the Institute for Human-Environment Systems (HES) at ETH Zurich 2006 Guest professor at Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh (USA) 2003 - Guest professor at the Institute of Innovation and Environmental Management, Karl-Franzens-University, Graz (Austria) - Guest professor at the University of Natural Resources and Applied Life, Vienna (Austria) - Guest and lecturer at the Centre for Sustainability Management (CSM), University of Lueneburg (Germany) 2003 - to date Founder of STTM: Scholz Technology Transition Management 2001 - 2002 King Carl XVI Gustav's Professor of Environmental Science, Center of Environment and Sustainability, Chalmers Technical University of Göteborg and University of Göteborg, Sweden [article "Ett fall för Roland Scholz"] April 2000 - October 2000 Visiting Scholar and Professor at the Environmental Technology and Policy Group, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, MIT, and the Program of Negotiation, Harvard University, School of Laws, Boston, USA 1998 - to date Adjunct Professor (Priv. Doc.) of Psychology at the University of Zurich 1993 - 2012 Full Professor of Environmental Sciences: Natural and Social Science Interface (ETH), Zurich 1988 - 2005 Founder, president (former), and partner of the "Gesellschaft für Organisation und Entscheidung" [Organization and Decision Making Consultants] (Bielefeld/Stuttgart/Zurich) 1987 - 1995 Adjunct Professor (Priv. Doc.) of Psychology at the University of Mannheim 1985 Visiting Scientist at the Decision Research, a Branch of Perceptronics, Eugene, Oregon 1978 - 1993 Research Associate at the Institute for Didactics of Mathematics, University of Bielefeld, Various teaching obligations (Lehraufträge) at the Departments of Psychology, Mathematics and Economy at the University of Bielefeld and Mannheim 1976 - 1978 Research Assistant at the "Center for Social and Economic Decision Research (SFB 24)" at the University of Mannheim, Germany 1974 - 1976 Teaching Assistent in Statistics & Psychological Methods, Institute for Psychology, University of Marburg, Ben, “Sustainable Phosphorous Management”, Springer Publications)

The -Management

3.) Agriculture collapse causes global food hotspots to escalate to war and conflict Lagi and Bar-Yam, 2011 —Postdoctoral Researcher at New England Complex Systems Institute, American physicist, systems scientist, and founding president of the New England Complex Systems Institute. (Marco, Yaneer, and Karla Bertrand. “The Food Crises and Political Instability in North Africa and the Middle East”, September 28, 2011, New England Complex Systems Institute, http://necsi.edu/research/social/food_crises.pdf)//chm Note: figures removed Social-Interests


 * Water Leadership **

1.) Water Scarcity is growing desalination plants are needed- Middle East proves

The World Bank, ’12, a United Nations international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programs.

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, “Renewable Energy Desalination An Emerging Solution to Close the Water Gap in the Middle East and North Africa”, The World Bank in Washington D.C., google advanced search

If-Needs

2.) Nuclear desalination solves hundreds of inevitable water conflicts globally

White 9 – Commodities Editor for the Telegraph

(Garry, “Can nuclear solve the global water crisis?,” The Telegraph, December 20, 2009, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/energy/6851983/Can-nuclear-solve-the-global-water-crisis.html)//ac

As-Lifesaver

3.) That’s key to global US water leadership – harnesses diplomatic leverage at key subnational actors – de-escalates conflict, and provides governmental legitimacy

King 13, John O. Rankin Associate Professor of International Affairs; Director, Master of Arts Program in International Affairs at George Washington University

(Marcus DuBois King, October 15,2013, “Water, U.S. Foreign Policy and American Leadership”, http://elliott.gwu.edu/sites/elliott.gwu.edu/files/downloads/faculty/king-water-policy-leadership.pdf)

The-Legitimacy

4.) The plan mechanism is key – funding and technical capability key

King 13, John O. Rankin Associate Professor of International Affairs; Director, Master of Arts Program in International Affairs at George Washington University

(Marcus DuBois King, October 15,2013, “Water, U.S. Foreign Policy and American Leadership”, http://elliott.gwu.edu/sites/elliott.gwu.edu/files/downloads/faculty/king-water-policy-leadership.pdf)

While-Governments

5.) Clean water creates hegemony – that hegemony is specifically key to stopping conflict

King 13, John O. Rankin Associate Professor of International Affairs; Director, Master of Arts Program in International Affairs (Marcus DuBois King, October 15,2013, “Water, U.S. Foreign Policy and American Leadership”, http://elliott.gwu.edu/sites/elliott.gwu.edu/files/downloads/faculty/king-water-policy-leadership.pdf)JDS

Challenges-Response

6.) That’s key to diplomatic leveraging in a number of hotspots

King 13, John O. Rankin Associate Professor of International Affairs; Director, Master of Arts Program in International Affairs at George Washington University

(Marcus DuBois King, October 15,2013, “Water, U.S. Foreign Policy and American Leadership”, http://elliott.gwu.edu/sites/elliott.gwu.edu/files/downloads/faculty/king-water-policy-leadership.pdf)

Second-Basins

7.) Water wars risk instability, terrorism, and inhibit cooperation with America – multiple hotspots for escalation globally

Goldenberg 14 – US environment correspondent

(Suzanne, “Why global water shortages pose threat of terror and war,” The Guardian, 2/8/14, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/feb/09/global-water-shortages-threat-terror-war)//ac on-Public