Tony+&+Nick

Hey y'all. We'll be reading the ALPR AFF or Prison Abolition AFF depending on the round. Just ask us before the round and we'll let you know!

If you have any questions pls gchat tony! ~Tony (privatebookworm@gmail.com) and Nick (tubachstrings@gmail.com)

Previous 1NC's: T-domestic, T-Surveillance, T-curtail, Terror DA, Iran DA, State PIC, Plan PIC (Schlag) Security K, Agamben K, Heg Bad, Dedev, Terrorism Good, Neolib, Psychoanalysis, Antiblackness, Rights Malthus, Asset Forfeiture, Ableism

Previous 2NR's: Rights Malthus, State PIC, Security K, Agamben K, Neolib, Psycho, T-Surveillance, Terror DA, Ableism, Dedev

=** --alpr aff-- **=

**The Drug Enforcement Administration is creating a massive database of license plate tracking information—this will be used for political targeting and other kinds of violence**
Salles, 15 (Alice, journalist specializing in civil liberties, “License plate surveillance may invite political targeting,” Watchdog Arena, Feb 4, http://watchdog.org/197745/license-plate-surveillance-political-targeting/) __License plate surveillance may invite political targeting__ By Alice Salles / February 4, 2015 AND __detailed pictures of the private lives of citizens__ and visitors to this country.

**License plate monitoring has pushed the US to the edge of full-scale totalitarianism - resistance now is necessary**
Suarez, 13 (John, human rights activist who has spoken before the United Nations Human Rights Council on several occasions, PanAm Post, Oct 18, http://panampost.com/john-suarez/2013/10/18/the-us-surveillance-state-and-the-totalitarian-tipping-point/) Today, massive and unsustainable debts are maintaining the US standard of living. Freedom AND one of many ominous signs regarding where this centralization of power is heading.

**Freedom from surveillance is an a priori value: it’s the key liberty that defines the value of our lives and our capacities for agency**
Greenwald, 14 (Glenn, Snowden’s lawyer, “Why Privacy Matters,” http://www.ted.com/talks/glenn_greenwald_why_privacy_matters/transcript?language=en) we do not endorse this author’s intent of ableist language and apologize for it, we have left it intact to preserve the article’s completeness Now, there's a reason why __privacy is__ so __craved universally and instinctively__. It AND __the constraints that it imposes on us do not become any less potent__.

**Surveillance violates our basic ethical imperative to treat people with dignity and protect freedom, but even if utilitarianism is good, you should still vote aff**
Burkhart et al, 07 (Laurie Burkhart, Michael Haubert, and Damon Thorley, undergraduate editors who published a book on surveillance under the supervision of Dr. Dirk S. Hovorka, “The Efect [sic] of Government Surveillance on Social Progress,” in Confronting Information Ethics in the New Millennium” []) __Under utilitarian, duty-based, **and** rights-based ethical theories__ the act AND __freedom of speech and the power of the people will be **lost forever**__.

**Actions determine morality, not results—consequentialism might be good, but moral side constraints exist that we cannot violate**
Nagel, 79 (Thomas, Philosopher, Mortal Questions, p 58-59) Many people feel, without being able to say much more about it, that __AND__ __ease the consciences of those responsible for a certain number of charred babies__.

**Our advantage is one of those side constraints—the injustices we have described should not be tolerated at any cost**
__Justice is the first virtue of social institutions____as truth is of systems of thought__ AND . __Being first virtues of human activities, truth and justice are uncompromising__.
 * Rawls, 71** (John, philosopher, A Theory of Justice, p. 3-4)

====**No consequence justifies voting neg—either rights are absolute and we win, or they’re not, and the neg’s moral calculus is incoherent. The question of this debate is whether the plan is a moral action or not. The judge as a moral agent is not responsible for intervening actors no matter how bad the consequences sound. The decisions of other agents are outside your power to determine and you should therefore say that you support the aff even if we should perhaps also stop bad consequences that stem from it because consequentialism with no limit results in constantly escalating evils which make it self-defeating and also undermines the value of life**==== Gewirth, 81 (Alan, prof of philosophy at U Chicago, “Are There Any Absolute Rights?,” Philosophical Quarterly, January) __It is a widely held opinion that there are no absolute rights__. Consider what AND of the valid principle of morality in its equal application to all persons.

**Dead bodies aren’t the key metric for decision-making—surveillance might not be dramatic, but the failure to confront it now adds up to a worse harm over time as abuses accumulate**
Solove, 11 (Daniel, professor of law at George Washington University, Why Privacy Matters Even if You Have 'Nothing to Hide', May 15, http://chronicle.com/article/Why-Privacy-Matters-Even-if/127461/) Investigating __the nothing-to-hide argument__ a little more deeply, we find AND __to-hide argument, in the end, has **nothing to say**__.

**“Life key to rights” is backwards—life and death are not inherently good except for the things we enjoy about them which the status quo erodes and the plan protects**
Nagel, 12 [Thomas, University Professor of Philosophy and Law at New York University, “Mortal Questions”, Cambridge University Press, Mar 26, 2012, Pg.1-3] If death is the unequivocal and permanent end of our existence, the question arises AND disadvantage, it is not easy to say when a man suffers it.

**The obsession with human survival is self-defeating—the tyranny of survival paradoxically destroys more people in the long run and diminishes the value of life**
Callahan, 73 (Daniel, institute of Society and Ethics, The Tyranny of Survival, p. 91-3) __The value of survival could not be so readily abused were it not for its__ __AND__ __survival. It would be the Pyrrhic victory to end all Pyrrhic victories__.

**The plan is a necessary response to violations of liberty--federal action is key**
Salles, 15 (Alice, journalist specializing in civil liberties, “License plate surveillance may invite political targeting,” Watchdog Arena, Feb 4, http://watchdog.org/197745/license-plate-surveillance-political-targeting/) But if the program was allowed to be carried out unchecked for so long, __AND__ __aren’t even asking questions about civil liberties and privacy when approving this technology__ .”

**We must resist license plate tracking as an infringement of liberty—this form of surveillance will constantly expand to new abuses with no security rationale**
Cooke, 15 (Charles, writer at the National Review, “As You Drive, So Are You Watched,” National Review, Jan 25, http://www.nationalreview.com/article/397303/you-drive-so-you-are-watched-charles-c-w-cooke) __Another day, and another of **Leviathan’s tentacles** is exposed for all the world to__ __AND__ consumptive child in a hospital incubator, __is nowhere included within its brief__.

**There are no alternative methods - the ability of another actor to address the harm doesn’t absolve you of your obligation to do so as well**
Aitken, 77 (William, teaches philosophy at Chatham College, World Hunger and Moral Obligation, p 93-94) __Some have maintained that__ there is a fourth minimal condition which a potential helper of AND __resort is too strong; it is not a minimal condition for obligation.__

**We can’t make policy based on linear predictions—the complexity of government and the chaos of unpredictable events means that as a judge you should simply ignore disads based on future impacts**
Porush establishes the link between narrative-as-history and chaos theory by recognising AND a historical event recorded in a text or a series of texts.41
 * Ward, 96** (Brian, “The Chaos of History: Notes Towards a Postmodernist Historiography,” Limina, Vol 2, http://www.limina.arts.uwa.edu.au/previous/volumes_15/volume_2?f=73934)

**This is particularly true for war—it’s too chaotic to be controlled or avoided through policymaking**
Betts (2000) observed a useful application of chaos to strategy and international security AND , the transition from predictability to chaos in deterministic mathematical system is possible.
 * Font and Regis, 06** (Joan Pere Plaza i Font UAB – Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona – Spain Dandoy Régis UCL – University of Louvain – Belgium “Chaos Theory and its Application in Political Science” IPSA – AISP Congress Fukuoka, 9 – 13 July 2006 http://www.sciencespo.site.ulb.ac.be/dossiers_membres/dandoy-regis/fichiers/dandoy-regis-publication18.pdf)

====**Various world systems exist in a critical state where sudden and unpredictable collapse is possible at any time—it is literally impossible to learn from history or identify a cause of war even minutes before it breaks out**==== This book is not only about earthquakes. It is about __ubiquitous patterns of change__ __AND__ __for explanation may be terribly misplaced, and **doomed always to go unsatisfied**__.
 * Buchanan, 02** (Mark, Ubiquity: Why Catastrophes Happen, p. 62)

=--prison abolition aff--=

====**What does it mean to be a target? A threat? A criminal? The answer isn’t as simple as black and white, but it’s close. The United States security apparatus is intimately connected to surveillance and the desire to control, restrain, punish, and deter– the prison has become a literal and metaphysical cage for deviant bodies– this operates as a tactic of racialization which recreates the problem it attempts to solve**==== Herzing 2005 (Rachel, activist from the US with almost 20 years of organising experience, came to the forum and gave a talk about the work and politics of two US prison abolitionist organisations "Defending Justice - What Is The Prison Industrial Complex?" N.p., 2005. Web. 17 July 2015. http://www.publiceye.org/defendingjustice/overview/herzing_pic.html, LB)
 * __Surveillance, or the close observation of an individual or group under suspicion, is__**
 * __AND__**
 * __prison industrial complex in "solving" the problems generated by these inequities.__**

====**The prison is no longer the savior from violence and lascivious activity – rather, it disproportionately targets black and brown bodies by threat inflation, unwarranted search and seizure, and assumptions of criminality. The Prison Industrial Complex is not perpetuated by racism, it IS racism**==== Davis 98 – former Professor at University of California, Los Angeles, PhD., Political and Social Activist (Angela, “Masked Racism: Reflections on the Prison Industrial Complex,” [], Colorlines, Sept. 10, 1998, tony) Almost two million people are currently locked up in the immense network of U. AND located in poor communities, //is directly related to the prison “solution.”//

====**That process of racialization allows for white self-decriminalization at the expense of bodies of color – this pushes white illegality to the sideline and furthers the idea of the innocent white liberal subject and the brooding black Other – makes reform impossible and the assumption that the write people are behind bars unimaginable**==== Martinot 10 -- Instructor Emeritus at the Center for Interdisciplinary Programs at San Francisco State University (Steve “The Machinery of Whiteness: Studies in the Structure of Racialization,” Temple University Press, pp. 20-23, 2010, tony)
 * __Having its origin in coloniality, “racialization” emerges from a history of criminality__**
 * __AND__**
 * __acts__** (for instance) **__represent “their race”__** (McIntosh 1997).

====**The steel bars of civil society bracket off the possibility for subjectivity and personhood. Instead, prisons re-establish the master/slave dialectic with the threat of repercussion -- white “activism” is a ruse**==== McLeod 15 -- Associate Professor, Georgetown University Law Center (Allegra, “Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice,” UCLA Law Review, Number 1156, [], tony) **pronoun changes marked by brackets** //Prisons are places of intense brutality, violence, and dehumanization// .70 In his AND detained mentally decompensate, the odor of rot and acute despair palpable .87

====**Unlike black bodies, this form of violence isn’t relegated to the steel bars and concrete walls of the prison, rather, the justification of prisons is used to justify global United States Supremacy – the impact is endless violence as a result of codified whiteness and the globalization of the carceral state**==== Rodriguez 8 -- Professor and Chair of the Department of Ethnic Studies at UC Riverside, PhD. In Ethnic Studies from Berkeley (Dylan, “I Would Wish Death on You..." Race, Gender, and Immigration in the Globality of the U.S. Prison Regime,” The Scholar and Feminist Online, “Borders on Belonging: Gender and Immigration, Issue 6.3, Summer 2008, tony) White supremacist social, economic, and cultural formations organic to the United States— AND //U.S. national formation, civil society building, and globality.//

**Our strategy is not reformism, nor is it a call for fixing a broken system -- we demand a total destruction of prison society that permeates all aspects of life**
Herzing 2005 (Rachel, activist from the US with almost 20 years of organising experience, came to the forum and gave a talk about the work and politics of two US prison abolitionist organisations "Defending Justice - What Is The Prison Industrial Complex?" N.p., 2005. Web. 17 July 2015. [], LB)
 * __The U.S. prison industrial complex is not a broken system in need__**
 * __AND__**
 * __reforms have only made the prison industrial complex stronger and more durable__** .23

**No one deserves to be locked up – creating communities which work to resolve ‘the real bad people’ is a more effective strategy that prisons**
Spade et al 2011 (Dean, Captive Genders: BUILDING AN ABOLITIONIST TRANS AND QUEER MOVEMENT WITH EVERYTHING WE’VE GOT. Oakland, CA: AK, 2011,, LB) Although **__we understand that transgender and gender-non-conforming people in prisons,__**
 * __AND__**
 * __We must end the cycle of oppressed people being pitted against one another.__**

**The prison industrial complex should come first – the imperial nature of the PIC functions as an impact magnifier for any eruption of violence**
David 8 (gilbert, “A SYSTEM WITH IN THE SYSTEM: THE PRISON INDUSTRIAL COM PLEX AND IMPERIALISM,” Abolition Now! Ten Years of Strategy and Struggle Against the Prison Industrial Complex, ed. CR-10 Publications Collective, 2008, LB)
 * __"Imperialism" may sound like the kind of rhetoric we want to avoid,__**
 * __AND__**
 * __line of such repression is a truly violent and harmful prison industrial complex__**.

====**Refuse any ideology that demands the continuation of the prison system – white supremacy creates laws to capture any form of alterity that exists in our perfect world, working on helping people at an individual level is more beneficial for those encaged now – our discussion of this subject within an academic setting matters**==== Davis 2003 (Angela Y professor of history of consciousness at the University of California, //Are Prisons Obsolete?// New York: Seven Stories, 2003, [], LB) or of angels depends on one’s openness and commitment to transformation and revolution.
 * __An abolitionist approach that seeks to answer questions such as these would require us to__**
 * __AND__**

====**No consequence justifies voting neg—either rights are absolute and we win, or they’re not, and the neg’s moral calculus is incoherent. The question of this debate is whether the plan is a moral action or not. The judge as a moral agent is not responsible for intervening actors no matter how bad the consequences sound. The decisions of other agents are outside your power to determine and you should therefore say that you support the aff even if we should perhaps also stop bad consequences that stem from it because consequentialism with no limit results in constantly escalating evils which make it self-defeating and also undermines the value of life**==== Gewirth, 81 (Alan, prof of philosophy at U Chicago, “Are There Any Absolute Rights?,” Philosophical Quarterly, January) __It is a widely held opinion that there are no absolute rights__. Consider what AND of the valid principle of morality in its equal application to all persons.