Rishi+and+John

=1AC - NIB=

Plan Text:

 * Text: The United States federal government should establish a national transportation infrastructure bank to substantially increase its transportation infrastructure investment.**

Contention 1 is the Economy

 * We isolate two scenarios –**


 * First is stimulus**


 * Economy is still in a crisis --- bolstering infrastructure investment is critical**
 * Rohatyn & Slater, 12** --- special adviser to the chairman and CEO of Lazard, AND former US transportation secretary (2/20/2012, Felix Rohatyn and Rodney Slater, “America needs its own infrastructure bank,” [], JMP)


 * America needs to invest in … __bank to be self-financing.__**


 * US transportation is in serious decay**
 * Economist, 11** (4/28/2011, “Life in the slow lane; Americans are gloomy about their economy’s ability to produce. Are they right to be? We look at two areas of concern, transport infrastructure and innovation,” [], JMP)


 * __America, despite its wealth and …__ to avoid problems like this. **


 * Infrastructure spending is comparatively the best form of economic stimulus—NIB is the most efficient mechanism**
 * Tyson et al. 10** -* Professor @ the Haas School of Business of UC-Berkeley, PhD in Economics @ MIT, former Chair of the US President’s Council of Economic Advisers, served as the Director of the National Economic Council, Phillips, former President of Oracle, MBA @ Hampton University, member of the Economic Recovery Advisory Board, *Wolf, CEO and Chairman of UBS Americas, member of the Economic Recovery Advisor Board, BS in Economics @ Wharton [Laura, Charles, Robert, The Wall Street Journal, “The U.S. Needs and Infrastructure Bank,” January 15, 2010, [], DKP]


 * __Our nation's investment in its …__ its performance and investment returns. **


 * NIB solves—overcomes status quo funding failures and enables large-scale projects – creating jobs**
 * McConaghy & Kessler, 11 --- * Director of the Third Way Economic Program, AND **Vice President for Policy at Third Way (January 2011, Ryan McConaghy and Jim Kessler, “A National Infrastructure Bank,” [], JMP)

America’s economic future will hinge … **__to make enduring infrastructure investments.__**

** FORDHAM ‘10 ** (Tina Fordham, “Investors can’t ignore the rise of geopolitical risk”, Financial Times, 7-17-2010, []) Geopolitical risk is on the … the return of geopolitical risk.”
 * A double dip recession disrupts global stability, causing nuclear escalation**

** Second is jobs **

** NIB infrastructure creates jobs and stimulates growth. ** ** Trumbull 11 ** **-** Staff writer for the Christian Science Monitor (Mark, “Is Gary Johnson right about shovel-ready jobs? 5 infrastructure challenges,”  September 23, 2011, The Christian Science Monitor, Lexis)//SPS

Republican presidential candidate Gary Johnson … federal highways that need repair.


 * AND, job creation is the biggest internal link to the economy—outweighs cutting the deficit**
 * Tyson 11** -Professor @ the Haas School of Business of UC-Berkeley, PhD in Economics @ MIT, BA Summa Cum Laude in Economics @ Smith College, former Chair of the US President’s Council of Economic Advisers, served as the Director of the National Economic Council [Laura, The Washington Post, “What it will take for President Obama and big business to bring back American jobs,” 9/18/2011, [], DKP]

__The immediate crisis confronting the U.S. …__ in the next few years


 * Plan __immediately__ boosts employment and growth—prevents economic decline**
 * Zakaria, 11** -PhD in Political Science @ Harvard (6/13/2011, Fareed, “Zakaria: U.S. needs an infrastructure bank,” [], JMP)

President Obama has proposed a number … the biggest payoff of all.


 * Slow growth makes the US uncooperative and desperate – leads to hegemonic wars **
 * Goldstein 7 ** - Professor of Global Politics and International Relations @ University of Pennsylvania, Avery Goldstein, “Power transitions, institutions, and China's rise in East Asia: Theoretical expectations and evidence,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 30 , Issue 4 & 5 August 2007, pages 639 – 682

Two closely related, though distinct, … __prior to the possible crossover____. __ 19 pg. 647-650


 * Growth eliminates the only rational incentives for war **
 * Gartzke 11 ** – associate Professor of political science at the University of California, San Diego PhD from Iowa and B.A. from UCSF Erik, "SECURITY IN AN INSECURE WORLD" www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/09/erik-gartzke/security-in-an-insecure-world/

Almost as informative as the …, that __war becomes a durable anachronism.__

__Contention 2 is Competitiveness__

 * A national infrastructure bank is necessary to maintain economic competitiveness**
 * Puentes 11** (Robert, Senior Fellow at the Brookings institution “Infrastructure Investment and U.S. Competitiveness” http://www.cfr.org/united-states/infrastructure-investment-us-competitiveness/p24585)

Most experts agree the **__United …__** __here in the United States.__


 * NIB sends a signal that the US is committed to rebuilding**
 * Tyson 11** -Professor @ the Haas School of Business of UC-Berkeley, PhD in Economics @ MIT, BA Summa Cum Laude in Economics @ Smith College, former Chair of the US President’s Council of Economic Advisers, served as the Director of the National Economic Council [Laura, Harvard Business Review, “A Better Stimulus Plan for the U.S. Economy,” 2011, [], DKP]

Although stimulus spending is a politically … __come to make it happen.__

** AND, it reduces the trade deficit ** ** Skidelsky and Martin 11 ** -*Emeritus Professor of Economics @ the University of Warwick, Fellow of the British Academy, Chairmen of the Governors of Brighton College, **PhD in Economics @ Oxford, Senior Investment Analyst @ Thames River Capital, Writes for the Institute for New Economic Thinking [Robert, “For a National Investment Bank,” 3/30/2011, [], DKP]

__Rebalancing the economy toward exports …__ __benefits to the broader economy.__


 * Economic primacy prevents all conflict escalation**
 * Freidberg & Schonfeld, 8** --- *Professor of Politics and IR at Princeton’s Woodrow Wilson School, AND **senior editor of Commentary and a visiting scholar at the Witherspoon Institute in Princeton (10/21/2008, Aaron and Gabriel, “The Dangers of a Diminished America”, Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122455074012352571.html?mod=googlenews_wsj)

__With the global financial system …__ tag of continued American leadership.


 * Competitiveness prevents great power nuclear war.**


 * Khalilzad, ’11 ** [Zalmay Khalilzad was the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992, “ The Economy and National Security”, 2-8-11, [] ]

We face this domestic challenge … crisis that we face today.

__Contention 3 is Solvency__

 * The NIB’s competitive, inter-modal, multijurisdictional approach is key—only federal action solves**
 * Istrate and Puentes 9 ** (Istrate, Emilia, senior research analyst and associate fellow with the Metropolitan Infrastructure Initiative specializing in transportation financing, and Puentes, Robert, Senior Fellow and Director of the Metropolitan Infrastructure Initiative, December 2009, “Investing for Success Examining a Federal Capital Budget and a National Infrastructure Bank”, Brookings Institute)FS

A properly designed NIB is … entities in leveraging private co-investment.110

Bipartisan Senate proposal taps private investment”, 6-10-11, Epoch Times http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/united-states/build-act-holds-promise-of-rebuilding-america-57495.html) RaPa
 * An AIFA would cause an immediate investment of billions- private investors are on their toes. **
 * Hayley 11 ** MA Candidate at Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism (Andrea, “BUILD Act Holds Promise of Rebuilding America

WASHINGTON— A new bipartisan Senate … pun. “It’s hardly a road.”


 * Only federal action solves**
 * HALLEMAN ‘11 ** - Business graduate with analytical and program management experience across a range of transportation and infrastructure issues; Head of Communications & Media Relations at International Road Federation (Brendan, “Establishing a National Infrastructure Bank - examining precedents and potential”, October 2011, [])

The merits of establishing a National … applications citing “ state budget issues ”.


 * A federal investment into a loan guarantees bridges bureaucratic and budget gaps between the states and is the best approach for a NIB **
 * McConaghy and Perez 11 ** Ryan McConaghy, Director of the Economic Program, and Jessica Perez, Economic Program Policy Advisor (Ryan, Jessica, “Five Reasons Why BUILD is Better”, The Schwartz Initiative on American Economic Policy, June 2011, []) RaPa

Across the country, job-creating … future without such innovative approaches.

=2NR Strats=

-states and federalism -states and politics (jackson-vanik) -states and politics -politics and case d -russia econ turn on case, and case d -Law of the Sea CP, politics, case d - T - Investment =/= taxes