Mia+&+Kevin

Carbon regulation is coming and CCS technology is advancing – facilitating regulated transportation infrastructure is key to jump-starting the commercial industry
Cyrus, "Note: Regulating Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Federal Regulatory Regime to Promote the Construction of a National Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Network," 80 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 950, Lexis Rising food prices, 1 mass migration, 2 new endangered species, 3 severe AND legislation that promotes the construction of new CO<2> pipelines. 17
 * Zarraby 12** - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012

The entire project depends on a national network for pipeline infrastructure
International Risk Governance Council, "Regulation of Carbon Capture and Storage," http://www.irgc.org/IMG/pdf/Policy_Brief_CCS.pdf Large-scale CCS deployment cannot proceed until extensive pipeline infrastructure is in place. AND of investment, potentially inﬂuencing the ultimate organisational structure of the CCS industry.
 * IRGC 8**

The federal government is key
-eminent domain, single regulator, encourages broader CCS investment and guarantees uniformity Jennifer, "Getting from Here to There: Devising an Optimal Regulatory Model for CO<2> Transport in a New Carbon Capture and Sequestration Industry," 30 J. Land Resources %26 Envtl. L. 357, Lexis Siting regulations affect companies~’ ability to build where pipelines are needed, or wanted. AND , a uniform set of requirements for access will be far more workable.
 * Horne 10** – JD @ U of Utah

It~’s reverse causal – federal inaction creates uncertainty that deters private investment in CCS
Cyrus, "Note: Regulating Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Federal Regulatory Regime to Promote the Construction of a National Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Network," 80 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 950, Lexis C. Carbon Capture and Sequestration - Lowering Emissions While Still Utilizing the United States~’ AND 2> pipelines creates the very uncertainty that would limit private investment. 88
 * Zarraby 12** - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012

There is a tangible impact to any delay
Cyrus, "Note: Regulating Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Federal Regulatory Regime to Promote the Construction of a National Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Network," 80 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 950, Lexis In order to mitigate the most drastic effects of climate change while continuing to utilize AND States~’ natural resources while protecting against the environmental harms caused by climate change.
 * Zarraby 12** - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012

Carbon sequestration is key to averting negative economic consequences of carbon regulations
"Report of the Interagency Task Force on Carbon Capture and Storage," http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/downloads/CCS-Task-Force-Report-2010.pdf While CCS can be applied to a variety of stationary sources of CO2, its AND (EOR), and assist in the creation of new technologies for export.
 * EPA 10 **– US Environmental Protection Agency

Having coal as a utility option is key – any alternative drastically increases consumer energy costs
Cyrus, "Note: Regulating Carbon Capture and Sequestration: A Federal Regulatory Regime to Promote the Construction of a National Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Network," 80 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 950, Lexis In the United States, coal-fired power generation accounts for approximately forty- AND on foreign sources of energy and increase the costs associated with electricity generation.
 * Zarraby 12** - chemical engineer for the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, JD expected from GWU in 2012

This collapses all major sectors of the economy
Adam and Dan, "The Economic Impacts of Coal Utilization and Displacement in the Continental United States, 2015," http://www.americaspower.org/sites/all/themes/americaspower/images/pdf/penn-state-study.pdf We performed our analysis with the aid of an interindustry, or input-output AND industries generate "multiplier" effects throughout the U.S. economy.
 * Rose and Wei 6** - * Professor of Energy, Environmental and Regional Economics, **Graduate Assistant in the Department of Geography at the Pennsylvania State University

Nuclear war
Harris and Burrows 9 Mathew, PhD European History @ Cambridge, counselor in the National Intelligence Council (NIC) and Jennifer is a member of the NIC~’s Long Range Analysis Unit "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis" [] Increased Potential for Global Conflict Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is AND within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.

Independently, the plan is a key fiscal stimulus
American Coalition for Clean Coal Energy, "American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity," http://www.compasscoal.com/blog/ The United States continues to be a world leader in advanced coal technologies not only AND technologies, gaining %2413 in benefits for every dollar the government invests.
 * ACCCE 11**

That~’s key to faster growth
Eileen, 4-27, "Blame Budget Austerity for Poor GDP Growth," http://www.usnews.com/opinion/blogs/economic-intelligence/2012/04/27/blame-budget-austerity-for-poor-gdp-growth As the Obama administration~’s 2009 stimulus continues to wind down, the effects on the AND States has control over its economic policies. It should not choose austerity.
 * Applebaum 12** - *PhD, Professor @ Rutgers, senior economist at the Center for Economic and Policy Research

Even absent a recession, slow growth leads to global wars
Zalmay Khalilzad was the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992. "The Economy and National Security" Feb 8 www.nationalreview.com/blogs/print/259024 Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe long-term threat to AND , hostile states would be emboldened to make aggressive moves in their regions.
 * Khalilzad 11** – PhD, Former Professor of Political Science @ Columbia, Former ambassador to Iraq and Afghanistan

Global warming is real and human induced – top climate scientists agree
Anderegg et al 10 – PhD Candidate @ Stanford in Biology William, "Expert credibility in climate change," National Academy of Sciences, p. 12107-12109 Preliminary reviews of scientific literature and surveys of cli- mate scientists indicate striking agreement AND discussions in media, policy, and public forums regarding anthropogenic climate change.

Warming is an existential risk – quickening reductions is key to avoiding extinction
Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, "Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it," pg. 122 The best estimates for global warming to the end of the century range from 2 AND adaptation to these extremes would mean profound social, cultural and political changes.
 * Mazo 10 **– PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA

Carbon sequestration is key
Mack and Endemann 10 - *partner in the Houston office and global Chair of AND environmental counseling on energy and infrastructure projects, and represents clients in related litigation Joel and Buck, "Making carbon dioxide sequestration feasible: Toward federal regulation of CO2 sequestration pipelines," Energy Policy, http://lw.com/upload/pubContent/_pdf/pub3385_1.pdf At present, approximately 50% of the United States~’ base load electrical energy requirements AND reducing near- to medium-term impacts from global climate change. 8

CCS solves and immediate action is necessary
James, "SENATE ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE," http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Files.View%26FileStore_id=96b0a903-32fc-47f8-9a36-b4ddd9805e2b Carbon capture and storage (CCS) for coal-fired power plants is a AND be an obsession, and receive a great deal more attention and resources.
 * Rogers 7** - *CEO of Duke Energy

CCS is a critical bridge to a broader portfolio of sustainable energy
Sarah, CCS Guidelines: Guidelines for Carbon Dioxide Capture, Transport, and Storage, World Resources Institute, http://pdf.wri.org/ccs_guidelines.pdf Scenarios for stabilizing climate-forcing emissions suggest atmospheric CO2 stabilization can only be accomplished AND enabling it to be used as a bridge to a sustainable energy future.
 * Forbes et al 8** - senior associate at the World Resources Institute, former member of the National Energy Technology Laboratory

Even if regulations aren~’t likely now, the plan is key to convincing the world that emissions can be cut without economic cost
Interdisciplinary Study, The Future of Coal, http://web.mit.edu/coal/ Washington, DC – Leading academics from an interdisciplinary Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT AND simulation of the comparative performance of integrated technology systems should be greatly enhanced.
 * MIT 7**

Only the plan is modeled – BRIC countries won~’t cut emissions unless they can avoid economic cost
Jay, "Incentives for Near-Term Carbon Dioxide Geological Sequestration," Carnegie Mellon, http://wpweb2.tepper.cmu.edu/ceic/pdfs_other/Incentives_for_Near-Term_Carbon_Dioxide_Geological_Sequestration.pdf The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report projects that if AND the 2005 U.S. economy are shown in figure 28 below.
 * Apt et al 7** – PhD in Physics @ MIT, Professor of Technology, Tepper School of Business and Engineering and Public Policy