Michael+&+Caitlin

=1AC =
 * Aff questions: caitlinp96@gmail.com **
 * Neg questions: michaeljamesmcintire@gmail.com **

Plan

 * The United States federal government should normalize its trade relations with Cuba. **

US leadership is unsustainable without a highly visible commitment to multilateralism

 * Lake, 10– **Professor of Social Sciences, distinguished professor of political science at UC San Diego (David A., “Making America Safe for the World: Multilateralism and the Rehabilitation of US authority”, [|__http://dss.ucsd.edu/~dlake/documents/LakeMakingAmericaSafe.pdf__])//NG

The safeguarding of ….. a new world order.

First is lifting the embargo sends a strong signal of commitment to the rest of the world- Cuba specifically key

 * Burgsdorff, 9– **Ph. D in Political Science from Freiburg University, EU Fellow at the University of Miami (Sven Kühn von, “Problems and Opportunities for the Incoming Obama Administration”, [|__http://aei.pitt.edu.proxy.lib.umich.edu/11047/1/vonBurgsdorfUSvsCubalong09edi.pdf__])//NG//

//6.3 How would the international …. as //<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">steps towards effective multilateralism. //

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Second is LA relations

 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">White, 13 **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">-Senior fellow at the Center for International Policy and former U.S. ambassador to Paraguay and El Salvador (Robert, “After Chávez, a Chance to Rethink Relations With Cuba”, New York Times, 3/7/13, []

__<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">FOR most of our history…..to a historical footnote __<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 4pt;">.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">LA relations key to multilateralism
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 7pt;">Speaking in Santiago, Chile, in March of last year, <span class="TitleChar" style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">….broader, global strategic concerns.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Sabatini and Berger 12, **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Christopher Sabatini is editor-in-chief of Americas Quarterly and senior director of policy at Americas Society/Council of the Americas. Ryan Berger is a policy associate at the Americas Society/Council of the Americas(Christopher/Ryan, "Why the U.S. can't afford to ignore Latin America" 6/13/12, CNN/Global Public Square, http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2012/06/13/why-the-u-s-cant-afford-to-ignore-latin-america/)//AD

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Third is conflict resolution modeling
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">Dickerson 10 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">– Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College (Sergio M, “UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA,” 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf)//SJF

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;">At the international political level, President <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">…. peace for years to come.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Fourth is safe Cuban transition

 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Ashby 13, **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> Senior Research Fellow at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs. He served in the U.S. Commerce Department's International Trade Administration as Director of the Office of Mexico and the Caribbean and acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of Commerce for the Western Hemisphere(Timothy, "Preserving Stability in Cuba After Normalizing Relations with the United States – The Importance of Trading with State-Owned Enterprises" 3/29/13, Council on Hemispheric Affairs, http://www.coha.org/preserving-stability-in-cuba-timothy-ashby/)//AD

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Cuba underRaúl <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;">Castro <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">has …. private sector as well as SOEs <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 4pt;">.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Multilateralism key to cap hotspot escalation
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">David <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">Bosco <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> (a senior editor at Foreign Policy magazine) July <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">2006 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> “Forum: Keeping an eye peeled for World War III” []

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 5pt;">The understanding that <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">small but …. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 5pt;"> China would respond militarily.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Specifically solves Iran and North Korean proliferation and escalation
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">Hinderdael, 11– M.A. candidate at SAIS Bologna Center <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">(Klaas, “Breaking the Logjam: Obama's Cuba Policy and a Guideline for Improved Leadership”, [])//NG

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;">Conclusion The two countries’ ….. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> unclench their fists. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">US influence solves nuclear prolif
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Zedillo and Pickering et al 08, **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 7pt;">Ernesto Zedillo is the former President of Mexico and Commission co-chair of the Americas Commission for The Brookings Institution. Mauricio Cardenas is the Director of the Americas Commission for The Brookings Institution. Thomas R. Pickering Commission co-chair; Former U.S. Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Leonardo Martinez-Diaz Deputy Director of the Commission; Political economy Fellow, Global economy and Development, Brookings Nancy Birdsall President; Center for Global Development Jonathan Coles; Former Minister of Agriculture of Venezuela Roberto Dañino; Former Prime Minister of Peru Jeffrey Davidow; President, institute of the Americas John Deutch; Former Deputy Secretary of Defense and Director, Central intelligence Agency Peter Hakim; President, inter-American Dialogue Alberto Ibargüen; President and Ceo, Knight Foundation Suzanne Nora Johnson; Senior Director and Former Vice Chairman, Goldman Sachs Celso Lafer; Former Foreign Minister of brazil Ricardo Lagos; Former President of Chile Carlos Ivan Simonsen Leal; President, Fundação Getulio Vargas, brazil Thomas “Mack” McLarty; Former U.S. envoy to the Americas Billie Miller; Former Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of barbados Moisés Naím; editor in Chief, Foreign Policy Magazine Jorge Quiroga; Former President of Bolivia Thomas Ramey; Chairman and President, Liberty international Eduardo Stein; Former Vice President of Guatemala Strobe Talbott; President, The Brookings Institution(Ernesto/Mauricio, "Rethinking U.S.–Latin American Relations: A Hemispheric Partnership for a Turbulent World," November 2008, The Brookings Institution,

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 7pt;">In comparison with the nations of Europe, …. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;"> affairs and those of neighboring countries.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Proliferation causes extinction – our card assumes your defense
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">Kroenig, 12 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> [, Matthew, Assistant Professor of Government, Georgetown University and Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, May 26th “The History of Proliferation Optimism: Does It Have A Future?” []) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 7pt;"> Proliferation Optimism: <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Proliferation ….. devastating nuclear exchange.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The alternative to multilateralism is unilateral militarism – the plan establishes a model for hemispheric diplomacy that sustains US leadership
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">Grandin 10 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> – teaches history at New York University and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Greg, “Empire's Senescence: U.S. Policy in Latin America,” //New Labor Forum//, 19:1, Winter 2010, pg. 14-23)//SJF

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;">Washington’s relations with Latin America—….. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> quicken the U.S.’s fall.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Reliance on unilateralism will collapse US leadership- leads to global nuclear war

 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Montalván, 10 **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> - a 17-year veteran of the U.S. Army including multiple combat tours in Iraq, master's of science from Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism (Luis, “Multilateralism is Essential for Peace in the 21st Century” Huffington Post, 4/23, [])

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Unilateralism is the wrong ….. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;"> to create rather than divide common ground.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Any step short of __unconditional removal__ means won’t create the same symbol of multilateralism
<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 13pt;">Vivanco 6 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">- LLM from Harvard Law School, Americas director of Humans Rights Watch <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">(Jose Miguel, “Restraint, not force, will bring change to Cuba”, humans rights watch, 12/22/06, [], google scholar)//KW

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 6pt;">This reluctance would be understandable ….. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">stop looking like David.