Nahin+&+Regina

Port dredging with econ, warming, and steel advantage

Plan:The United States Federal Government should substantially increase it's investment in expedited port deepening projects in the United States. Contention 1 – Economy

The Panama Canal expansion will fundamentally change seaborne commerce – US ports require __new harbor deepening__ or they won’t be able to compete for post-Panamax ships

 * Bridges 2011 –**Chairman of the Board of the American Association of Port Authorities and Executive Director of Virginia Port Authority (Jerry A., “Testimony of Jerry A. Bridges Chairman of the Board of the American Association of Port Authorities and Executive Director of Virginia Port Authority before the United States House of Representatives Transportation and Infrastructure Committee Water Resources and Environment Subcommittee Hearing: the Economic importance of Seaports: Is the United States Prepared for 21st Century Trade Realities?”, October 26, 2011, [| http://republicans.transportation.house.gov/Media/file/TestimonyWater/2011-10-26%20Bridges.pdf)//MM]

Obama has expedited approval for projects, but not allocated funds – aff is still inherent, but you don’t have any DA’s.

 * Morgan and Rabin 7/19** – Miami Herald reporter, environment reporter (Curtis and Charles, “White House Speeds Up Permits, Offers No New Cash For PortMiami Dredge Project”, The Miami Herald, July 21 2012, [])//CB

The perception of a federal commitment to port infrastructure is vital to __retain foreign customers__ –key to no collapse

 * Calhoun 11**-- President of Cargo Carriers (Cargill) and Chairman of Waterways Council, Inc (Rick, “DREDGING FOR PROSPERITY”, Marine Log, August, ProQuest, []”) EL

Federal port infrastructure funding is increasing but not substantially for __new__ harbor deepening – the federal government’s __uncertain commitment__ prevents new projects
Szakonyi 12 — associate editor of the Journal of Commerce (Mark, “The Hill Ramping Up Dredging Efforts”, Journal of Commerce, 5/7, ProQuest) EL

Federal regulations __prevent__ other actors from solving – only federal action to streamline the process and increase funding solves

 * Anderson, 11** –Chief Executive Officer of the Jacksonville Port Authority (JAXPORT) (A. Paul, “testimony of A. Paul Anderson Chief Executive Officer of the Jacksonville Port Authority (JAXPORT) for the Record of the united States House of Representatives Transportation and Infrastructure Committee Subcommittee on Water Resources and the Environment Hearing: “The Economic Importance of Seaports: Is the United States Prepared for 21st Century Trade Realities?””, October 26, 2011, [| http://republicans.transportation.house.gov/Media/file/TestimonyWater/2011-10-26%20Anderson.pdf)//MM]

And these federal regulations mean any new projects will take __decades__ unless the federal government expedites construction

 * Nagle, 2012**- President and CEO of the American Association of Port Authorities (Kurt J., “Testimony of Kurt J. Nagle President and CEO of the American Association of Port Authorities Before the United States House of Representatives Appropriations Committee Energy and Water Development, and Related Agencies Subommittee”, Budget Hearing- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Assistant Secretary, Chief of Engineers, March 7, 2012, [|http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/PDFs/EWTestimony%20Mar2012%20Final.pdf)//MM]

Seaport competitiveness is the vital internal link to US economic growth – seaports represent a quarter of US GDP and contribute __over 3 trillion__ to the economy

 * Nagle, 11** --- president and chief executive officer of the American Association of Port Authorities (December 2011, Kurt, Industry Today, “Association: American Association of Port Authorities; Port-Related Infrastructure Investments Can Reap Dividends,” vol. 14, no. 3, @http://www.industrytoday.com/article_view.asp?ArticleID=F370)

Boosting economic competitiveness is vital to preventing military retrenchment – risks great power wars

 * Khalilzad, ’11** – Bush’s ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the UN and former director policy planning at the DOD (Zalmay, “The Economy and National Security”, National Review, 2-8-11, [])

Expanding port infrastructure is vital to US global economic leadership

 * Kiefer et al, 2k** – principal investigator for Planning and Management Consultants– study authorized by Section 401 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999, report to the US Army Corps of Engineers (Jack, Planning and Management Consultants, “The National Dredging Needs Study of Ports and Harbors Implications to Cost-Sharing of Federal Deep Draft Navigation Projects Due to Changes in the Maritime Industry”, May 2000, []) // CB

Strong US growth is key to promoting an American economic model – disruption destroys economic cooperation and risks protectionism

 * Posen 9** – Deputy director and senior fellow of the Peterson Institute for International Economics (Adam, “Economic leadership beyond the crisis,” http://clients.squareeye.com/uploads/foresight/documents/PN%20USA_FINAL_LR_1.pdf)

Protectionism will cause terrorism and global wars – risks extinction

 * Panzner 8** – faculty at the New York Institute of Finance, 25-year veteran of the global stock, bond, and currency markets who has worked in New York and London for HSBC, Soros Funds, ABN Amro, Dresdner Bank, and JPMorgan Chase (Michael, “Financial Armageddon: Protect Your Future from Economic Collapse,” p. 136-138)

That goes nuclear without leadership
[Michael, The Case for Goliath: How America Acts As the World’s Government in the Twenty-First Century, p. 224]
 * Mandelbaum, 5** – Professor and Director of the American Foreign Policy Program at Johns Hopkins – 2005

The plan will substantially decrease greenhouse gas emissions

 * Mulligan and Lombardo 10** -- *Department of Accountancy, Finance and Economics, Western Carolina University **Center for Maritime studies, United States Merchant Marine Academy (Robert and Gary, "Panama Canal expansion: alleviating global climate change", August 24, [|www.springerlink.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/content/ylw8127203w2043m/fulltext.html]) // NK

(http://www.olcf.ornl.gov/2012/04/04/carbon-dioxide-caused-global-warming-at-ice-ages-end-pioneering-simulation-shows/)
 * C02 Causes Global Warming and the Newest Research Methods Account for the Objections of the Skeptics **
 * Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, April 4, 2012 **

Warming Will Cause Extinction
Sify 2010 – Sydney newspaper citing Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, professor at University of Queensland and Director of the Global Change Institute, and John Bruno, associate professor of Marine Science at UNC (Sify News, “Could unbridled climate changes lead to human extinction?”, []

Lack of dredging undermines the steel industry by collapsing exports

 * __ Petry 4/2 __** – [correspondent at American Metal Market (Corinna, “US shippers urge feds to use funds for dredging”, Metal Bulletin Weekly, ProQuest, []) //EL]

US steel industry key to national defense- missiles, Navy, Armor, airplanes, and artillery

 * American Iron and steel institute, 7,** American iron and steel institute, specialty steel industry of North America, steel manufacturers association, and united steelworkers (“STEEL AND THE NATIONAL DEFENSE” Jan. 2007)//AK//

Military Readiness key to deterrence – solves war
Spencer 2k – Senior Research Fellow on Nuclear Energy Policy from the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies (Jack, “The Facts about Military Readiness”, The Heritage Foundation, 9/15/2000, [|http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2000/09/bg1394-the-facts-about-military-readiness)//MM]

The federal government is key – port infrastructure is under __federal jurisdiction__ and federal action is vital to __leadership__

 * AAPA, 11** - AAPA represents 160 of the leading seaport authorities in the United States, Canada, Latin America and the Caribbean and more than 300 sustaining and associate members, firms and individuals with an interest in seaports (American Association of Port Authorities, “The U.S. Government’s Historic Role in Developing and Maintaining Landside and Waterside Connections to Seaports”, March 2011, [|http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/PDFs/Transportation%20and%20the%20Constitution1.pdf)//GP]

The plan will allow the US to double exports in the next 5 years ¶

 * USA Today 11 ** – news agency (Larry Copeland, “A goal to be port of call for all; U.S. sites digging in to accommodate big ships,” USA Today, October 3, 2011, lexis)//CB