Namrata+Padmanabhan+and+Ashley+Thurber

1AC Plan —- Join AIIB
====Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its diplomatic and economic engagement with the People's Republic of China over the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank with the purpose of joining the bank.====

1AC - China Rise Adv
====China's rise is inevitable —- U.S. failure to seek membership in the AIIB sends the signal that it doesn't want to integrate China into global economic governance and crushes America's ability to shape the global order==== The United States has sensibly declared its intention to rebalance towards the Asia-Pacific AND writ large—than, respectively, excluding China and shunning its efforts.
 * Wyne, 15** —- contributing analyst at Wikistrat, and a global fellow with the Project for the Study of the 21st Century (4/7/15, Ali, "The American World Order and China's New Bank," http://warontherocks.com/2015/04/the-american-world-order-and-chinas-new-bank/, article downloaded on 5/3/16, JMP)

U.S. concerns over Chinese governance prevents efforts to positively reform the AIIB and facilitate multilateral diplomacy and deep cooperation with China
China's growing economic clout is complicating US efforts to maintain its grip on the world's AND route for deepening cooperation between the US and the People's Republic of China.
 * Edwards & Qahir, 15** —- *Associate Professor of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University, AND **Diplomacy graduate student at Seton Hall (4/6/15, Martin & Katayon, "US should stop blocking China's AIIB and join allies in new club," https://theconversation.com/us-should-stop-blocking-chinas-aiib-and-join-allies-in-new-club-39406, article downloaded 4/23/16, JMP)

====Engaging on the AIIB is critical —- it's the focal point for China's expanded international role and cooperation will help resolve Myanmar conflict and spillover to cybersecurity and the South China Sea==== In 2011, U.S. president Barack Obama announced plans to "pivot AND . cooperation. Development lending could prove a minimally politically sensitive testing ground.
 * Noori, et. al, 15** —- Program Specialist, Middle East & North Africa Programs at United States Institute of Peace (8/24/15, Maral Noori, Daniel Jasper and Jason Tower, "Overcoming Barriers to U.S.-China Cooperation," http://www.usip.org/publications/2015/08/24/overcoming-barriers-us-china-cooperation, downloaded on 4/21/16, JMP)

South China Sea conflict goes nuclear.
Christensen 6/5/15 – Thomas J., Boswell professor of world politics and director of the China and the World Program at Princeton University, is a former U.S. deputy assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, "China's Rising Military: Now for the Hard Part" http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-06-05/china-s-rising-military-now-for-the-hard-part One reason for this is that no consensus exists in East Asia on the territorial AND conditions in which a technologically superior foe attacks crucial targets with conventional weapons.

Failure to recalibrate U.S. economic policy toward China risks miscalculation that triggers great power conflict
Nye suggests that the greatest threat to U.S. influence may not be AND world order." Here's to hoping that the United States heeds that judgment.
 * Wyne, 15** —- contributing analyst at Wikistrat and a global fellow at the Project for the Study of the 21st Century (6/1/15, Ali, "Is America's Mind-set the Greatest Threat to Its Future?" http://nationalinterest.org/feature/america%E2%80%99s-mind-set-the-greatest-threat-its-future-13004?page=show, article downloaded 5/3/16, JMP) ***Joseph Nye is a professor at the Harvard Kennedy School and one of the most esteemed analysts of world affairs

Ensuring peaceful rise is necessary to prevent World War 3 —- lack of engagement on AIIB has wrecked U.S. leadership
It is very worrying for the world that American policy makers should be capable of AND us hope the appropriate lessons are learned. Pax Americana is still needed.
 * Lehmann, 15** —- Emeritus Professor at IMD, Lausanne (Switzerland), currently Visiting Professor at Hong Kong University and at NIIT University in Neemrana, Rajasthan (India) (4/2/15, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, "China And The US: The AIIB Fiasco &amp; America's Colossal Loss Of Face," http://www.forbes.com/sites/jplehmann/2015/04/02/china-and-the-us-the-aiib-fiasco-americas-colossal-loss-of-face/print/, article downloaded 6/14/16, JMP)

1AC – Climate Advantage
====The choices made in Asian infrastructure development now will determine the future of global warming – expanding renewable energy markets and building sustainable and climate resilient infrastructure through the AIIB are key to keep warming below 2 degrees==== The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (the AIIB or the Bank) is poised AND with major long-term commercial benefits for many members of the AIIB.
 * Nassiry and Nakhooda 16** – Darius Nassiry, head of the international cooperation department at the Global Green Growth Institute, investment manager with the Norwegian Investment Fund for Developing Countries (Norfund) Center for Global Development, Smita Nakhooda, international finance to support developing countries to respond to climate change, "The AIIB and the investment in action," 4/13/2016, https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/resource-documents/the_aiib_and_investment_in_action_final_20160413.pdf//TK

And the aff causes a global alt energy movement – spills over and creates a global model that solves climate change
//Can China's Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) fix climate change? Yes.// //AND// //to climate change replicable elsewhere. Deals like this don't occur every day.//
 * Taggart 15** - principal of Sydney, Australia-based Grenatec, a non-profit research organization studying the viability of a Pan-Asian Energy Infrastructure (Stewart Taggart, 3/31/2015, "Can China's Infrastructure Bank Solve Climate Change?," http://grenatec.com/can-chinas-infrastructure-bank-solve-climate-change)//TK//

//**====And AIIB success will kickstart global finance and lending institutions to increase sustainable development====**// //**Elgin-Cossart and Hart '15** - Senior Fellow and Director of China Policy at American Progress. She focuses on U.S. foreign policy toward China and works to identify new opportunities for bilateral cooperation, particularly on energy, climate change, and cross-border investment - Senior Fellow at American Progress, where she works on issues involving foreign policy, international development, and global conflict (Center for American Progress, "China's New International Financing Institutions Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Investment Standards," September 2015, https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/21140703/RaceToTheTop-brief.pdf)// JB­­­ In recent years, China has moved into development finance in a very big way AND banks, and in the process, create a race to the top.

Now is key to prevent 2 degrees increase
The news is in: humans are totally failing in the global effort to stop AND goal will require dedication, international cooperation and a lot of hard work.
 * Harvey '14 ­- Chelsea Harvey is a science reporter for Business Insider. She is based in New York City (Chelsea Harvey, science reporter, "Here's How Little Time We Have Until Global Warming Is Out Of Control," September 2014, http://www.businessinsider.com/when-will-climate-change-be-out-of-control-2014-9 )// JB**

Consensus of global scientists agree – warming is real, anthropogenic and happening now
Human-caused climate change is happening and is accelerating; dangerous impacts are becoming AND to inform Americans about the scientific consensus regarding the realities of climate change.
 * Maibach et al '14** Distinguished Professor of Communication at George Mason University and Director of the Center for Climate Change Communication at GMU. (Edward Maibach, Teresa Myers, Anthony Leiserowitz, "Climate Scientists need to set the Record Straight: There is a scientific consensus that human caused climate change is happening," 5/7/14, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013EF000226/full)//NH

Climate change will be catastrophic and result in human extinction
In the Online Journal of Space Communication, Dr. Feng Hsu, a NASA AND our Sun" (Hsu 2010) (Fig. 2.1).
 * Flournoy Ph.D. 12** – Professor at the University of Ohio, Ph.D. and M.A. from the Univeristy of Texas, Postgraduate Associateship at the University of London, B.A. from Southern Methodist University, Editor of the Online Journal of Space Communications. Citing Dr. Feng Hsu, Senior Engineer and Manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (Don M., Ph.D., SpringerBriefs in Space Development, "Solar Power Satellites," 2012, Springer)//JSL

The plan solves – leverages empirically successful US-Chinese cooperation to cut GHG emissions
Continuing to maintain that stance would be a mistake. The United States has an AND United States is well placed to play a constructive role in that endeavor.
 * Mauro '15**- senior fellow at Peterson Institute for International Economics (Paolo Mauro, Peterson Institute for International Economics, "Why America Should Join the AIIB," 6/12/15, https://piie.com/commentary/op-eds/why-america-should-join-aiib)//NH

The aff solves by ensuring U.S. influence
Given the failures on the part of the US to contain the AIIB's emergence, AND accordance with the high standards of governance that the world is now expecting.
 * International Banker 15** (John Manning, "How the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Is Changing the Global Financial Landscape," 9/3/15, International Banker, http://internationalbanker.com/banking/how-the-asian-infrastructure-investment-bank-is-changing-the-global-financial-landscape/)//NG

U.S. participation in the AIIB ensures that China exercises constructive global leadership —- SQ sends the signal of containment
China's decision to create a new development bank for Asia is proving a highly divisive AND world economy and capitalise on China's growing willingness to exercise constructive global leadership.
 * Bergsten, 15** —- director emeritus and senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (3/15/15, Fred, "US should work with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank; Washington should sign up and bless the desire of its friends to join, writes Fred Bergsten," https://next.ft.com/content/4937bbde-c9a8-11e4-a2d9-00144feab7de, article downloaded 5/2/16, JMP)

AIIB is key to build clean energy industry in Asia
As the founding member of the AIIB, its largest shareholder, and its prime AND (FYP), and recent steps to 'green' the country's financial system.
 * Nassiry and Nakhooda 16** (Darius Nassiry is head of the international cooperation department at the Global Green Growth Institute, Smita's research focuses on international finance to support developing countries to respond to climate change, "The AIIB and investment in action on climate change", April 2016, Overseas Development Institute, https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/resource-documents/the_aiib_and_investment_in_action_final_20160413.pdf) NK

The plan reverses the perception of hostility
Downplay the Current Mindset of Rivalry The great challenge of the century for future American AND determine U.S. standing in the world in the Asian century. __ =Neg=
 * Marston, 16** —- Southeast Asia analyst at a Washington, D.C., think tank (2/28/16, Hunter, "A Four-Point Plan for Reviving the U.S. Role in Asia," http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/four-point-plan-reviving-the-us-role-asia-15342?page=show, article downloaded 5/3/16, JMP)

**1NC Elections Shell**
[Link]

HRC is maintaining hold of union members in key swing states the appearance of ANY WEAKNESS ON TRADE WITH CHINA means Trump steals the deciding voting block
(Noam Scheiber, 1-29-2016, "Unions Lean Democratic, but Donald Trump Gets Members' Attention," New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/30/business/donald-trump-unions.html, Accessed 6/22/16, JH) WASHINGTON — Of all the voters who might be expected to resist the charms of AND will take that issue and drive it and drive it and drive it."
 * Scheiber 1/29**

Trump causes a US-Russia war – lack of expertise and dramatic divergence from allies and empirics
Jacob Parakilas is Assistant head of the US and the Americas Programme at Chatham House, the foreign policy think tank, and he joined Juliette Foster of Investment Perspectives for further analysis. US and the Americas Programme ~| April 2016, Research Program, US Election Note: Russia Policy After 2016, https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/files/chathamhouse/publications/research/2016-04-26-us-election-note-russia-parakilas.pdf, msm International implications For the United States' allies – particularly those in Europe – the differences AND clear what approach he would take, or what means he would use.
 * Parakilas 16**

US-Russia nuclear war would end all life on Earth in half an hour – escalates uncontrollably Sophie Shevardnadze: Dr. Theodore Postol, former advisor to the U.S AND many warheads targeted on each of these great cities by the other side.
 * Postol 16** (Theodore, former advisor to the U.S. Chief of Naval operations, professor of technology and international security at MIT, nuclear expert, interview with Sophie Shevardnadze, RT.com, 3/14/16, https://www.rt.com/shows/sophieco/324941-nuclear-cold-war-us/)//ml


 * Previous 2NR's:**
 * Elections DA**
 * Consult Japan CP**
 * Cap K**
 * Japan DA**
 * Framework (vs Bataille aff)**