Rishab+Yeddulaa+and+Abishek+Rengarajan

=TAIWAN=

=1ac=

The risk of a US-China war over Taiwan is high. Blocking independence is China's core national interest and outweighs economic ties
Kuntić, 15 – visiting fellow at European Union Centre in Taiwan, National Taiwan University; PhD candidate at the Faculty of Political Science, University of Zagreb (Dario, "The Ominous Triangle: China-Taiwan-the United States relationship" CIRR XXI (72) 2015, 239-280) As Taiwan is important to both China and the United States, conflict of interests AND bonds of commerce, trade, and military ties between the two powers.

Recent US backing proves the internal link —- also China's perception is key
Borromeo 7/15 ("China to US: Stop Support to Taiwan's Independence"; EL; 2016; http://en.yibada.com/articles/142059/20160715/china-stop-support-taiwans-independence.htm)//pk As Taiwanese leader Tsai Ing-wen reportedly got in touch with a number of AND DPP), which has a different belief from the Koumintang (Nationalist Party).

Tensions are high now and resolving Taiwan is key to multilateralism in Asia
Daniele Ermito 7/14 ("Tsai Administration Faces New Tensions With Beijing"; 2016;Foreign Policy Association; http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2016/07/14/tsai-administration-tensions-beijing/)//pk Tensions between Taipei and Beijing have risen again after China announced the decision to suspend AND confrontation with Beijing, in a region whose security architecture remains dangerously unsteady.

This enraged China which just ended relations with Taiwan
Tiezzi, 6/26/16 - Shannon Tiezzi is Editor at The Diplomat. Her main focus is on China, and she writes on China's foreign relations, domestic politics, and economy. Shannon previously served as a research associate at the U.S.-China Policy Foundation ("Did China Just Kill Cross-Strait Relations?" The Diplomat, http://thediplomat.com/2016/06/did-china-just-kill-cross-strait-relations/ Well before Taiwan held its elections on January 20, Beijing made it clear that AND more damage done to cross-strait relations than either side can fix.

Nationalist pressure and nuclear insecurity make the risk of war high and nuclear escalation probable
Glaser, 15 - Charles L Glaser is a professor in the Elliott School of International Affairs and the Department of Political Science at George Washington University. He is also a fellow in the Kissinger Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars ("A U.S.-China Grand Bargain?" International Security, Vol. 39, No. 4 (Spring 2015), pp. 49–90, doi:10.1162/ISEC_a_00199 Although a number of regional sovereignty and maritime disputes have the potential to sour the AND Party] is finding it increasingly difficult to justify its weak responses."67

Strategic ambiguity risks miscalculation
Colby and Slocombe, 16 - Mr. Colby is a senior fellow at the Center for a New American Security. Mr. Slocombe was U.S. undersecretary of defense for policy from 1994 to 2001 (Elbridge and Walter, "U.S. 'Ambiguity' on Taiwan Is Dangerous" Wall Street Journal, 5/23, http://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-ambiguity-on-taiwan-is-dangerous-1464022837 If China were to attack Taiwan, would American forces come to the island's defense AND not to fight hard enough to prevent Beijing from achieving its core goals.

It risks extinction
Wittner, 12 - Professor of History emeritus, SUNY Albany (Lawrence, "Is a Nuclear War With China Possible?" Huffington Post, 1/30, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lawrence-wittner/nuclear-war-china_b_1116556.html But what would that "victory" entail? An attack with these Chinese nuclear AND — destroying agriculture, creating worldwide famine, and generating chaos and destruction.

Contention 2 – relations
====The US and China are locked an action-reaction cycle of hostility. Negotiating a staged Framework Agreement will de-escalate tensions and create a sustainable path towards relations and cooperation on global existential threats==== Gross, 13 - adjunct fellow of Pacific Forum CSIS, former Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for International Security Affairs in the Department of State, former Counselor of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (Donald, The China Fallacy: How the U.S. Can Benefit from China's Rise and Avoid Another Cold War, p. 152-155 To overcome the structural weaknesses in U.S.-China relations—which could AND conflict U.S. and Chinese military operations and avoid accidental confrontations.

Taiwan is the most important starting point to address strategic distrust – plan is the vital internal link to broader, sustainable cooperation
Glaser, 15 - Charles L Glaser is a professor in the Elliott School of International Affairs and the Department of Political Science at George Washington University. He is also a fellow in the Kissinger Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars ("A U.S.-China Grand Bargain?" International Security, Vol. 39, No. 4 (Spring 2015), pp. 49–90, doi:10.1162/ISEC_a_00199 More important, however, is that focusing on the quality of current crossstrait relations AND of cooperation on other issues and reduce the probability of competition and conflict.

Strategic distrust blocks Chinese support for Korean unification and undermines South Korean leadership
Gross, 13 - adjunct fellow of Pacific Forum CSIS, former Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for International Security Affairs in the Department of State, former Counselor of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (Donald, The China Fallacy: How the U.S. Can Benefit from China's Rise and Avoid Another Cold War, p. 218-219) China's support for North Korea at the United Nations as well as its opposition to AND that nonetheless occurs and has an adverse impact on South Korea's international prospects.

China's leverage is necessary to force out North Korean leadership and ensure a peaceful transition

 * Kydd 2015** – Prof of Political Science at UW Madison

Andrew H, "Pulling the Plug: Can There Be a Deal with China on Korean Unification?", The Washington Quarterly Volume 38, Issue 2, 2015, p 63-77 Finally, what about North Korea itself? Pyongyang's leadership would definitely be opposed to AND , the United States and China must first address their legacy of mistrust.

A nuclear war on the peninsula would kill millions, involve massive amounts of fallout, and risk escalation

 * Mount 2015** - Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relation

Adam, The Strategic Logic of Nuclear Restraint, Survival: Global Politics and Strategy Volume 57, Issue 4, 2015, p. 53-76 As things stand today, the most plausible scenario for US nuclear use is in AND neighbouring countries. An invasion of North Korea would be all but impossible.

A staged Framework Agreement will create US-Sino cooperation for peaceful Korean unification and prevent the impact to collapse
Gross, 13 - adjunct fellow of Pacific Forum CSIS, former Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for International Security Affairs in the Department of State, former Counselor of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (Donald, The China Fallacy: How the U.S. Can Benefit from China's Rise and Avoid Another Cold War, p. 222-223) Because the underlying security competition between the United States and China is a major cause AND legitimate, interim political structure leading to the formation of a new government.

Plan
The United States Federal Government should diplomatically engage the People's Republic of China over a staged Framework Agreement, beginning with an offer of reciprocal reductions in military commitments over Taiwan.

1ac – solvency
====Plan begins negotiations over a Framework Agreement with staged, reciprocal reductions of forces over Taiwan. China will say yes and it will build a foundation for larger cooperation that reduces the overall risk of nuclear war in Asia==== Gross, 13 - adjunct fellow of Pacific Forum CSIS, former Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for International Security Affairs in the Department of State, former Counselor of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (Donald, The China Fallacy: How the U.S. Can Benefit from China's Rise and Avoid Another Cold War, p. 159-165) Taiwan currently faces an overwhelming military threat from China, which uses its forces to AND be more than sufficient to deter and dissuade China from seeking regional dominance.

China says yes to greater diplomatic engagement; it's verifiable and won't destabilize relations with Taiwan or Asia
Swaine, 11 – senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and one of the most prominent American analysts in Chinese security studies (Michael, America's Challenge: Engaging a Rising China in the Twenty-First Century, p. 359-363 Under such circumstances, avoiding future escalating Sino-American crises over People's Liberation Army AND also not inconceivable that Beijing would permit or provide convincing levels of verification.

Negotiated reciprocal concessions are vital to rapprochement and de-securitizing the conflict
Kupchan, 12 – Professor of International Affairs in the School of Foreign Service and Government Department at Georgetown University (Charles, How Enemies Become Friends, p. 41-45 During the second phase of the onset of stable peace, the trading of individual AND second phase, each state becomes confident that the other has benign motivations. = =

= =

Polls show Clinton will win the election now
When Donald Trump wrapped up the Republicans' presidential nomination, 2016 polling showed him gaining AND % unfavorable) and Hispanics (11% favorable/89% unfavorable).
 * Benen 6/15** (Steve, MSNBC. "Latest polls show Clinton getting stronger, Trump falling." http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/latest-polls-show-clinton-getting-stronger-trump-falling)

Engagement with China causes an electoral backlash – ensures the plan gets spun negatively
In recent times China has become one of the most contentious issues regarding American foreign AND create some roadblocks for the rethink of US military bases in the Pacific.
 * Golan 15** (Shahar, University of Washington, The Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies, "Building a Pragmatic Coalition in American Politics", https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/bitstream/handle/1773/33275/Task%20Force%20E%202015.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)

The political scientist V.O. Key once wrote that "latent" public AND no such luxury. Future public opinion is the least of their worries.
 * ====GOP candidates will rhetorically weaponize the plan====**
 * Harris 16** (Peter, Prof of political science @ Colorado State U, "President Obama's Partisan Foreign Policy," Jan 26, nationalinterest.org/feature/president-obamas-partisan-foreign-policy-15019?page=2)

Trump victory risks extinction via climate change
Trump would deliver fatal blow to fight against climate change A Donald Trump presidency would AND . The stakes riding on a US presidential election have never been higher. 
 * Nisbet 16** (Matthew, Associate Professor of Communication Studies and Affiliate Associate Professor of Public Policy and Urban Affairs at Northeastern University who studies the role of communication, media, and public opinion in debates over science, technology, and the environment, New Scientist, "Trump would deliver fatal blow to fight against climate change," 5/27/16 http://www.northeastern.edu/camd/commstudies/people/matthew-nisbet/#sthash.Zoq2zrjr.dpuf)

=1AC Music=

Play this:
https://soundcloud.com/journal-of-sonic-studies/wang-audioobject-1-uhm-im

We begin with two poems:
====You ask for what reason I stay on the green mountain, I smile, but do not answer, my heart is at leisure. Peach blossom is carried far off by flowing water, Apart, I have heaven and earth in the human world.==== (Li Bai, "Question and Answer on the Mountain" http://www.chinese-poems.com/lb3.html)

====Far away on the cold mountain, a stone path slants upwards, In the white clouds is a village, where people have their homes. I stop the carriage, loving the maple wood in the evening, The frosted leaves are redder than the second month's flowers.==== (Du Mu, "Mountain Travel" http://www.chinese-poems.com/dm2.html)

====These poems combine multiple aesthetic experiences corresponding with affective registers – chinese cultures have, for centuries, used the figure of the mountain as a symbol of virtue, immortality, and spirituality. This affective relation between human and nature allows one to harness their creative energy into its fullest potential==== The sh¯an shui (mountain AND the ritournelle as simultaneously, territorialization and deterritorialization' (Abrioux 2009: 257).
 * Yuen 13** (Wong Kin Yuen – Professor & Head of Department Director, Technoscience Culture Research and Development Center, The Melodic Landscape: Chinese Mountains in Painting-Poetry and Deleuze/Guattari's Refrains, pgs. 361-371 //Csmith)
 * Poetry Paints a picture

====The performance of the 1AC ruptures normative rubrics organizing knowledge through how we frame sounds from a calculative paradigm into one of affect. Through playing Li Jianhong's "Uhm, I'm watching the rain" one can engage the self through forces, intensities, and flows, rather than the meanings, signs, and structures characteristic of the status quo.==== To listen is to enter that spatiality by which, at the same time, AND emphasize relaxation of the body in order to listen, perform and improvise.
 * Jing 12** (Adel Wang, received her PhD in Interdisciplinary Arts from Ohio University in the U.S. in 2012. Her dissertation "Making and Unmaking Freedom: Sound, Affect, and Beijing" examines China's sound art and experimental music practices in relation to the concepts of freedom, affect, and the global city. "AFFECTIVE LISTENING: China's Experimental Music and Sound Art Practice", Journal of Sonic Studies, volume 2, nr. 1 (May 2012) http://journal.sonicstudies.org/vol02/nr01/a11)//kbuck

====Affective listening does not require expertise to determine its meaning; the point is to get lost in the process of listening. The sounds played are not meant to be coded, transcribed, and rationalized but to be felt, to trigger an affective resonance with the individual that draws connections to ones milieu, and one's self.==== Arguably, how one perceives sounds affects to a certain extent how one listens. AND of selflessness, drawing from both fieldwork research as well as existing scholarship.
 * Jing 12** (Adel Wang, received her PhD in Interdisciplinary Arts from Ohio University in the U.S. in 2012. Her dissertation "Making and Unmaking Freedom: Sound, Affect, and Beijing" examines China's sound art and experimental music practices in relation to the concepts of freedom, affect, and the global city. "AFFECTIVE LISTENING: China's Experimental Music and Sound Art Practice", Journal of Sonic Studies, volume 2, nr. 1 (May 2012) http://journal.sonicstudies.org/vol02/nr01/a11)//kbuck

====The self is not given, but must be created. Of course, social location determines external projections of identity, but bodily capacity is contingent upon what it chooses to define for itself. Affect is a powerful force able to transform the ways individuals relate to the world.==== We know nothing about a body AND work, school, church, clothes, aging, pain, and discipline
 * Saldhana 7** (Arun, Associate Professor of Geography, Environment, and Society at University of Minnesota, Senior Lecturer of Social Sustainability at Lancaster University, 2007, "Psychedelic White: Goa Trance and the Viscosity of Race," pgs. 12-14)//kbuck
 * edited for glang, brackets denote changes

Rupturing understandings of subjectivity based in absolute certainty is crucial to break down the collusion of violence and liberal politics.
Foucault's genealogical analyses reveal that "the self is not AND social acceptance; they increasingly infiltrate the social structure through institutionalization and demarginalization.
 * Clifford 1** (Michael, associate professor of philosophy @ Mississippi State Univ, "Political Genealogy after Foucault: Savage Identities" p. 144-146)//kbuck
 * edited for glang

Appeals to the law are banal repetitions of prior cases with minor alterations. The legalistic attempt to alleviate suffering sustains the violent relationship of power that we're critiquing.
In law, it seems as though we have to always start again. That AND one. Many images will be perceived in a weak and fuzzy manner.
 * Moore 12** – (Nathan, Lecturer in Law at Birkbeck College, Schomburg-Mellon Humanities Summer Institute Fellowship Award Winner "Deleuze and Law" 132-136)//kbuck