Christian+&+David

AFF
Carriers
 * Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its investment in its production of its aircraft carriers in the United States.**

Adv 1 - Hegemony

US naval power guarantees hegemony, prevents attacks on the US mainland, and deters potential rivals from even attempting to change the status quo
Friedman 07 (George, PhD, Chief Executive Officer and founder of STRATFOR, “The Limitations and Necessity of Naval Power,” April 10, http://www.stratfor.com/limitations_and_necessity_naval_power) This raises a more fundamental question: What is the value of naval power in AND fundamentally indispensable role the Navy plays in U.S. national security.

Carriers are unmatched in firepower – they’re key to U.S. hegemony and military dominance
Allen 01 (Richard, Retired Vice Admiral & former Commander of Naval Air Forces of the Atlantic Fleet, “Aircraft carriers and sea-based air power: Smaller is not better and numbers do count!,” Sea Power, June) Today, the 15 CVBG/14 CVW/600-- ship Navy is little AND and to the well-being of this nation's allies around the world.

Hegemony stops great power wars and creates global stability
Kagan 12, Senior Fellow at Brookings, 3-14-’12 (Robert, “America has made the world freer, safer and wealthier” CNN,@http://us.cnn.com/2012/03/14/opinion/kagan-world-america-made/index.html?hpt=hp_c1) We take a lot for granted about the way the world looks today -- the AND what the world looked like right before the American order came into being.

Primacy has resulted in the lowest level of war in history – best statistics prove
Owen 11 [John Owen, Associate professor in the University of Virginia's Department of Politics, recipient of fellowships from the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard, and the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford, and the Center of International Studies at Princeton, PhD in international relations from Harvard, February 11, 2011, “Don’t Discount Hegemony, [|www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/11/john-owen/dont-discount-hegemony/]] Andrew Mack and his colleagues at the Human Security Report Project are to be congratulated AND in part by the emergence of the United States as the global hegemon.

Collapse of US hegemony causes a multipolar vacuum leading to multiple scenarios for extinction
[Niall, “A world without power,” Foreign Policy 143, p. 32-39, July-August] So what is left? Waning empires. Religious revivals. Incipient anarchy. A AND powers would benefit from such a not-so-new world disorder.
 * Ferguson 04** – Professor of History at New York University's Stern School of Business and Senior fellow at the Hoover Institution

Independent from hegemony - Carrier-based deterrence maintains world peace- they prevent conflicts from escalating
Admiral Johnsonand General Krulak 97 (Jay is the Chief of Naval Operations and Charles is the Commandant of the U.S. Marine Corps, “Forward Presence is Essential to American Interests”, []) Also this morning, United States Navy amphibious assault ships carrying 4,400 combat AND right force, tailor-made for these uncertain and sometimes fiery times.

Hegemony is sustainable – but we have to maintain it
The challenges today are great, and the rise of China is the most obvious AND both to Americans and to the nature of the world they live in.
 * Kagan 12** [Robert Kagan, //Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institute, B.A., Yale University, M.P.P., John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Ph.D., American University//, January 17, 2012, “Not Fade Away: Against the Myth of American Decline”, Brookings Institute, [], DMintz]

Adv 2 - Naval Power

First, Carriers are getting cut now and the Navy is shifting away – the Plan is key to solve political fights
** Scarborough 12 ** (Rowan, Hoover Institution Media Fellow, January 15, “ New Navy budgets may sink plans for aircraft carriers: Fight is on to save flattop fleet”[]) On the surface, the [|Navy]’s cherished fleet of 11 active aircraft carriers seems safe AND arrived, the [|Navy] may grow accustomed to operating with only 10 carriers.”

The plan is key to solve carrier reductions which are key to power projection – ground forces aren’t sufficient
Of course, today's carriers make World War Two carriers look like toys. With AND So cutting carriers to build a bigger ground force doesn't make much sense.
 * Thompson 09**, Chief Operating Officer at the Lexington Institute, PhD in government from Georgetown, (Loren, March 10th, “Navy Will Offer Up Carrier & Air Wing in Quadrennial Review”, http://lexingtoninstitute.org/1383.shtml )

Effective carrier forces are key to diplomatic and military power—presence alone defuses conflicts before they start even when the US has no allied support
For any U.S. president, the aircraft carrier embodies the ultimate crisis AND of events and deliver a psychological message of U.S. interest.
 * Eaglen 08** (Mackenzie Eaglen is Senior Policy Analyst for National Security at The Heritage Foundation, “Aircraft Carriers Are Crucial,” July 31, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/30/AR2008073003078.html)

Reduction in carrier presence would tip the balance away from US naval dominance and cause war in the Middle East
Is there a logical “tipping point” that can be numerically assigned? Is AND interest with dominant maritime forces, you are at the “tipping point.”
 * WHITENECK 2010** (Daniel Whiteneck • Michael Price • Neil Jenkins •Peter Swartz, CNA Analysis & Solutions, “The Navy at a Tipping Point: Maritime Dominance at Stake?” March, http://www.public.navy.mil/usff/documents/navy_at_tipping_point.pdf)

Middle East war goes global and nuclear
in the Context of International Relations”] The Middle East conflict is unparalleled in terms of its potential for spreading globally. AND seems that President Obama’s position does not completely rule out such a possibility.
 * PRIMAKOV 2009** [September, Yevgeny, President of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Russian Federation; Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; member of the Editorial Board of //Russia in Global Affairs//. This article is based on the scientific report for which the author was awarded the Lomonosov Gold Medal of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2008, “The Middle East Problem

Scenario 2 is Peacekeeping

 * A strong navy is critical to effective peacekeeping**
 * Vego, 8** — professor of operations at the Naval War College, former commanding officer in the former Yugoslav Navy and former West German merchant marine (Milan N., “On Naval Power”, Joint Forces Quarterly, July 2008, http://www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/jfq-50/JFQ-50.pdf, Deech)
 * __Naval forces are most extensively__** AND be either pulled out or committed to full-scale combat. 9

__Experts__ __throughout the world__ __AND head off an increasing number of conflicts__.
 * Peacekeeping prevents great power wars**
 * Dean 95** – Adviser on international security issues for the Union of Concerned Scientists [Dean, Jonathan. (P articipated in East-West arms control negotiations and worked with U.N. peacekeepers in the field and in the State Department) “A stronger U.N. strengthens America,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Chicago: Mar 1995. Vol. 51, Iss. 2; pg. 45Ebscohost]


 * Scenario 3 is Natural Disasters**

__And at a time when policymakers__ __AND, for instance, they placed a central role__.
 * Carriers are key to disaster response**
 * Eaglen 08** (Mackenzie Eaglen is Senior Policy Analyst for National Security at The Heritage Foundation, “Aircraft Carriers Are Crucial,” July 31, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/30/AR2008073003078.html)

[Mohamed. “The post-earthquake world.” Al-Ahram Weekly Online. Jan 6-12, 2005. [] ] The human species has never been **__ AND an imminent demise of humankind. __**
 * Extinction**
 * Sid-Ahmed 05**


 * Scenario 4 is Piracy**

USS SAN ANTONIO, At sea (NNS) -- Combined Task Force AND. It was established to create a lawful maritime order and develop security in the maritime environment.
 * Increased Naval forces solves piracy**
 * Hilley 08** **-** Mass Communication Specialist 1st Class (Monique, “Coalition Forces Work To Deter Piracy In Gulf Of Aden”, The United States Department of the Navy, 1/17/09, Story Number: NNS090117-01, Online @ __http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=41897__)//MM

**The Independent, 99**(July 4th, “Pirates could snatch plutonium”, [] ) __BRITAIN__ __is about to ship enough plutonium for__ AND but __the whole world at risk."__
 * Extinction**

Neg
2NRs - Topicality - Capital Spending (Title XI/NIB) Topicality - Vehicles (Title XI) TIFIA CP/Politics (NIB) Inherency (Port Dredging) Status Quo - Aff doesnt have an impact (Port Dredging) 2NC Qatar CP and Case - (Port Dredging) Politics and Case (NIB)

At the Camp Tournament