RamananZhu

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Contention One is the Status Quo
First, Nano Development in Mexico is on the rise – it’s unregulated and risks spinning out of control Inter Press Service, 12 (Tierramérica, “MEXICO: Scientists Call For Regulation of Nanotechnology,” 03/12/2012, http://www.tierramerica.info/nota.php?lang=eng&idnews=3920&olt=568, AC) MEXICO CITY, Mar 12 (Tierramérica).- Nanotechnology, which is currently unregulated in AND is used in electronic components, cosmetics and packaging, among other products.

And, haphazard development risks spilling over – Latin America is a potential hotbed for Nanotech, but lack of controls or vision risks disaster Foladori and Lau, 07 (ReLANS coordinators, Doctoral Program in Development Studies Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas, México, “Nanotechnologies in Latin America,” pg online @ [] //um-ef ) // //At the beginning of 2002, all nanotechnology-related research became an area of// //AND// //but it is worth mentioning some of the efforts made in this regard.//

// This Causes Toxic Poisoning of the Environment // // Vandermolen, 06 (LCDR Thomas D. Vandermolen, USN (BS, Louisiana Tech University; MA, Naval War College), is officer in charge, Maritime Science and Technology Center, Yokosuka, Japan. He was previously assigned as a student at the Naval War College, Newport Naval Station, Rhode Island. He has also served as intelligence officer for Carrier Wing Five, Naval Air Facility, Atsugi, Japan, and in similar assignments with US Special Operations Command, US Forces Korea, and Sea Control Squadron THIRTY-FIVE, Naval Air Station, North Island, California. AIR & SPACE POWER JOUNRAL, Fall, 2006, “Molecular nanotechnology and national security,” pg online @ []// um-ef) Environmental Damage. MNT was originally perceived as a potential cure-all for a AND from the nanolitter itself or from toxic elements attached to those nanoparticles.26

Extinction CRN, 04 (Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, 4/19/04, “Disaster Scenarios”, [] //nz) Subquestion F: Environmental devastation by overproduction? Preliminary answer: It would be easy AND Several plausible disaster scenarios appear to pose existential threats to the human race.

Plan
Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its nanotechnology assistance to Mexico.

Contention Two is Mexico
First, Nanotech is a potential savior for the developing world, but current nanotech policies avoid places like Latin America - despite substantial market opportunity, businesses refuse to invest—we link turn your k Wilson Center, 07 (Woodrow Wilson Internatonal Center for scholars “The promise of Nanotechnology” may 2007 pg online @ [] //um-ef)// //The market opportunity is substantial. Nanotechnology has been incorporated into billions of dollars worth// //AND// //for people in both rich and poor nations and at relatively low cost."//

// This is specifically true in Latin America // // Foladori and Lau, 07 (ReLANS coordinators, Doctoral Program in Development Studies Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas, México, “Nanotechnologies in Latin America,” pg online @ []// um-ef) There has been little coverage in the international media about the development of nanotechnologies in AND nanotechnology programs and is completely ignored in the policy rationale behind their implementation.

Collaboration is key – only way to ensure Pro-Poor Research Lodwick et al 7 (T. Lodwick*, R. Rodrigues**, R. Sandler***, W.D. Kay * Nanotechnology and Society Research Group (NSRG), Northeastern University **Santa Clara University, School of Law,** *NSRG, Department of Philosophy and Religion, Northeastern University, NSRG, Deapartment of Political Science, Northeastern University, “nanotechnology and the global poor: the united states policy and international collaborations” pg online @ [], AC) Perhaps the most basic barrier to conducting nanotechnology research is equipment costs. One way AND address the social problems facing the developing world (pro-poor research). And, Nanotech in Latin America is critical – Saves thousands of lives and provides the best laboratories for development of disease prevention techniques VOA News, 09 (“Nanotechnology Could Improve Health Care in Developing Countries,” pg online @ http://www.voanews.com/articleprintview/347615.html //um-ef)// //Scientists say nanotechnology, which involves some of the smallest things on earth, could// //AND// //as well as consumers, such as those taking nano-based medicines.//

// And, Disease spread causes extinction // // Yu, 09 (5/22, Victoria, Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science, "Human extinction: the uncertainty of our fate", http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate)// //A pandemic will kill off all humans. In the past, humans have indeed// //AND// //could only infect birds — into a human-viable strain (10).//

// Nanotech solves disease—reject generic defense—quantum dots sidestep conventional disease prevention // // Court et al 04 (E. Court*, A. Daar**, E. Martin***, T. Acharya, P. Singer* *University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics, Canada **McLaughlin Centre for Molecular Medicine and Departments of Public Health Sciences and Surgery, University of Toronto; University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics, Canada** *University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics, Canada University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics, Canada * University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada, “Will Prince Charles et al diminish the opportunities of developing countries in nanotechnology?”, 01/28/2004, []//VS) Nanotechnology offers a range of potential benefits for developing countries. Nanometre-sized quantum AND of these activities, of course, also hold promise for economic development.

And, Mexico is key – Provides a Nano Model for Developing Countries – Lau 08 Researcher of the Latin American Nanotechnology & Society Network ¶ (ReLANS); PhD. ¶ Candidate in Development Studies at the Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas (Edgar Zayago, “Nanotechnology may be more useful for Mexican society”, 2008, []//VS)// //As one of the handful of countries pursuing nanotechnology development in Latin America, ¶// //AND// //existing analytical capacity to implement appropriate reflexive and ¶ above all social assessments.//

// Put away your nanotech bad cards—risk assessment strategies eliminate negative effects of implementation // // Merta 10 // //(E. Merta, University of New Mexico School of Law, Health Sciences Library, “THE NANOTECHNOLOGY AGENDA:¶ MOLECULAR MACHINES AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION¶ IN THE 21st CENTURY”, 3/22/2010, []//VS) As they apply their skills to breaking through engineering barriers AND natural limits on the expansion of human freedom.

The Plan is key to implement a National Nano Plan for Mexico – already cooperating on small projects – proves the plan is necessary but your disads are inevitable Nanowerk News 7 (“Nanotechnology in Mexico: A path with no plan,” pg online @ http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=2300.php) (Nanowerk News) Edgar Zayago Lau and Guillermo Foladori summarize for AND the risk of being led astray is significant.

Contention Three is the U.S.
First, U.S. Tech Leadership is collapsing and that’s an existential risk Hummell et al, 12 (Robert Hummel, PhD1,*, Policy Research Division, Potomac Institute for Policy Studies,, Patrick Cheetham1, Justin Rossi1, Synesis: A Journal of Science, Technology, Ethics, and Policy 2012 “US Science and Technology Leadership, and Technology Grand Challenges,” pg online @ [] //um-ef)// //Taken together, there is no direct evidence that the US has been overtaken in// //AND// //US technical leadership will require a dedicated and coordinated effort throughout the society.// // And, Locking-in Tech leadership reduces conflict // //Goldstein, 07 Avery Goldstein, David M. Knott Professor of Global Politics and// //AND// //Subscribing Institutions via Taylor & Francis Online, p. 647-648)// //Two closely related, though distinct, theoretical arguments focus explicitly on the consequences for// //AND// //realize the transition to a new international order whose contours it will define.// // Unfortunately, Funding cuts have hampered USAIDS efforts in technological assistance—greater funding is necessary to utilize USAID’s unique leadership // // Miotke 8 – subcommittee on research and science education, committee on science and technology, House of Representatives, 110 Congress, Foreign Service Officer, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Science, Space, and Health (Jeff, “International Science and Technology Cooperation,” Government Printing Office, 4/2/2008, [])//RH USAID USAID plays a significant role in integrating the products of S&T to AND under the auspices of an S&T cooperation agreement negotiated by OES. And, Assistance in the form of technological cooperation in nanotech enhances US global technology leadership Mendis,04 [Dr. Patrick Mendis adjunct associate professor of economics and management at the UMUC Graduate School of Management and Technology at the University of Maryland “Science, Technology, And Intellectual Property Rights In American Foreign Policy”. Journal of Technology Law & Policy.Vol 9 June 2004 Issue 1.[]] In coming years, global S&T cooperation will open a wide range of AND other criminal activities that threaten our national security and domestic peace and prosperity.

Nanotech development assistance paves the way for regulatory frameworks and commerce Lodwick et al, 07 (T. Lodwick*, R. Rodrigues**, R. Sandler***, W.D. Kay * Nanotechnology and Society Research Group (NSRG), Northeastern University **Santa Clara University, School of Law,** *NSRG, Department of Philosophy and Religion, Northeastern University, NSRG, Deapartment of Political Science, Northeastern University, “nanotechnology and the global poor: the united states policy and international collaborations” pg online @ http://www.nsti.org/procs/Nanotech2007v1/8/T81.501 //um-ef)// //However, the greatest potential for a broad initiative rests with the main foreign aid// //AND// //, USAID’s biotechnology experience provides a sound model for infusing nanotechnology into development.//

// US nanotech leadership ensures international regulation, resulting in controlled military nanotech // // Vandermolen 2k6 (LCDR Thomas D. Vandermolen, USN (BS, Louisiana Tech University; MA, Naval War College), is officer in charge, Maritime Science and Technology Center, Yokosuka, Japan. He was previously assigned as a student at the Naval War College, Newport Naval Station, Rhode Island. He has also served as intelligence officer for Carrier Wing Five, Naval Air Facility, Atsugi, Japan, and in similar assignments with US Special Operations Command, US Forces Korea, and Sea Control Squadron THIRTY-FIVE, Air & Space Power Jounral, “Molecular nanotechnology and national security, pg online @ []// um-ef) MOLECULAR NANOTECHNOLOGY (MNT), when fully developed, will provide the basis for the AND encountered; the control strategy must therefore be ready before that day arrives. Unregulated development of nanotech risks a new arms race – increases the probability of miscalc Gubrud 97 (Mark Avrum Gubrud, a research associate, Center for Superconductivity Research (University of Maryland, College Park), is ''a physicist, writer and social activist, November 1997, [], “Nanotechnology and International Security”) The greatest danger coincides with the emergence of these powerful technologies: A quickening succession AND through strength" puts us on a course toward the next world war. US action and model is key to cooperation and transparency Altmann, 04 (Jurgen, Phd. physics doctoral dissertation on laser radar (University of Hamburg, Germany, since 1985 he has studied scientific-technical problems of disarmament, first concerning high-energy laser weapons, founded the Bochum Verification Project (Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany) that does research into the potential of automatic sensor systems for co-operative verification of disarmament and peace agreements. In recent years, he has studied military uses of, first, microsystems technologies and then nanotechnology, with a view towards preventive arms control (both at University of Dortmund, Germany). University of Dortmund). cofounder of the German Research Association Science, Disarmament and International Security FONAS, and currently is a deputy speaker of the Committee Physics and Disarmament of the German Physical Society, military uses of nanotechnology: perspectives and concerns, security dialogue, vol 35, pg online @ [] ) It is predicted that nanotechnology (NT) will bring revolutionary changes in many areas AND NT activities provide an important precedent, they will be briefly described here. And, independently that Transparency will be critical to build confidence and avert miscalc Altmann, 04 (Jurgen, Phd. physics doctoral dissertation on laser radar (University of Hamburg, Germany, since 1985 he has studied scientific-technical problems of disarmament, first concerning high-energy laser weapons, founded the Bochum Verification Project (Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany) that does research into the potential of automatic sensor systems for co-operative verification of disarmament and peace agreements. In recent years, he has studied military uses of, first, microsystems technologies and then nanotechnology, with a view towards preventive arms control (both at University of Dortmund, Germany). University of Dortmund). cofounder of the German Research Association Science, Disarmament and International Security FONAS, and currently is a deputy speaker of the Committee Physics and Disarmament of the German Physical Society, military uses of nanotechnology: perspectives and concerns, security dialogue, vol 35, pg online @ [] ) The potential for mistrust is expected to be particularly high in areas where revolutionary changes AND without legally binding agreement with stringent verification covering military NT R&D. And, the plan is a long-term engagement strategy that provides a platform for S&T leadership and U.S. Science Diplomacy Dolan, 12 (Bridget M. Dolan, “Science and Technology Agreements as Tools for Science Diplomacy: A U.S. Case Study,” Science & Diplomacy, Vol. 1, No. 4 (December 2012), pg online @ http://www.sciencediplomacy.org/files/science_and_technology_agreements_as_tools_for_science_diplomacy_science__diplomacy.pdf //um-ef)// //As this paper has elaborated, U.S. decisions to enter into S// //AND// //realities of limited resources—are ambitious enough to foster meaningful international partnerships.//

// And, that solves every disad impact // // Fedoroff 8 – subcommittee on research and science education, committee on science and technology, House of Representatives, 110 Congress, administrator of USAID, science and technology advisor to the Secretary of State and US Department of State (Nina, “International Science and Technology Cooperation,” Government Printing Office, 4/2/2008, [])//RH Chairman Baird, Ranking Member Ehlers, and distinguished members of the Subcommittee, thank AND a means to enhance security, increase global partnerships, and create sustainability.

Round 1 China Add-On
Alternative to US Leadership is Chinese leadership – that causes Extinction Lev Navrozov 2004 (Winner of the Albert Einstein Prize for Outstanding Intellectual Achievements, “The Center for Responsible Nanotechnology ‘Plans Ahead’

“We at the Center AND nano annihilation."

=__Negative__=

__ Round 2 vs. GT Chang Chang (Cuba Oil Spills) __
1NC: T Gov't to Gov't, CIR Politics, Race K, Oil DA, China Influence Good (on case) 2NC: T, K, China 1NR: CIR 2NR: T

__ Round 4 vs. Hybrid Kim Kim (Venezuela Port Security) __
1NC: T Must be unconditional, CIR Politics, Race K, Oil DA, Fair Elections Conditions CP, Narcoterror Good (on case), Prolif Good (on case) 2NC: CP, K, Narcoterror Good, Prolif Good 1NR: Oil DA 2NR: Oil DA, Narcoterror Good, Prolif Good

__ Round 6 vs. GJP Spector Young (Cuba Embargo) __
1NC: CIR Politics, Oil DA, Non EE CP, Race K 2NC: NonEE CP, Case 1NR: CIR 2NR: CP, CIR

__ Doubles vs. HJPP McIntire Walrath (Cuba Embargo) __
1NC: CIR Politics, Oil DA, Shunning, Non EE CP, Wilderson K 2NC: Shunning, NonEE CP, Case 1NR: CIR 2NR: CP, CIR