Anthony+and+Ruth

tl;dr - Aff: FCC Oversight (tech leadership, data localization). (potential) 1AC Impacts: Heg, Warming, Asteroids/Space Debris, Economy. ====Plan: The United States federal government should substantially curtail its domestic surveillance by establishing Federal Communications Commission oversight of the National Security Agency to curtail its surveillance of the United States communications infrastructure.====

=1AC=

Plan Text
====Plan: The United States federal government should substantially curtail its domestic surveillance by establishing Federal Communications Commission oversight of the National Security Agency to curtail its surveillance of the United States communications infrastructure.====

Legal prohibitions bar NSA domestic surveillance – but the lack of a credible oversight mechanism means the NSA actively captures US person data through section 702 and XO 12333
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) The NSA, originally formed to monitor outside threats to the security of the United AND opinion shows that Americans are dissatisfied with the reach of government surveillance.29

Existing oversight mechanisms guarantee NSA circumvention of prohibitions on domestic surveillance – that creates a confidence crisis in the future of the internet
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) III. OVERSIGHT IS NEEDED, AND THE FCC SHOULD PROVIDE IT A. Existing AND all preventive executive, legislative, and internal controls have not been effective.

The perception of overreach wrecks the US free internet agenda.
Kehl, 14 – Policy Analyst at New America's Open Technology Institute (Danielle, "Surveillance Costs: The NSA's Impact on the Economy, Internet Freedom & Cybersecurity" July, https://www.newamerica.org/oti/surveillance-costs-the-nsas-impact-on-the-economy-internet-freedom-cybersecurity/ Costs to the Internet Freedom Agenda and U.S. Credibility in Internet Governance AND Association (NTIA) since 1998—has progressed in recent months.196

The US needs to draw a sharp distinction between domestic and national security surveillance to make the US Internet Freedom agenda credible – otherwise global internet fragmentation will result
Fontaine, 14 – President of the Center for a New American Security; was foreign policy advisor to Senator John McCain for more than five years; Worked at the State Department, the National Security Council and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; was associate director for near Eastern affairs at the National Security Council; B.A. in International Relations from Tulan University (Richard, "Bringing Liberty Online; Reenergizing the Internet Freedom Agenda in a Post-Snowden Era", Center for a New American Security, September 18, 2014, http://www.cnas.org/sites/default/files/publications-pdf/CNAS_BringingLibertyOnline_Fontaine.pdf)//TT The 2013 revelations of mass surveillance by the U.S. government transformed the AND that EU officials said stemmed directly from worries after the Snowden disclosures.32

Data localization has ripple effects that will destroy global economic growth
Chandler and Le, 15 - * Director, California International Law Center, Professor of Law and Martin Luther King, Jr. Hall Research Scholar, University of California, Davis; A.B., Harvard College; J.D., Yale Law School AND **Free Speech and Technology Fellow, California International Law Center; A.B., Yale College; J.D., University of California, Davis School of Law (Anupam and Uyen, "DATA NATIONALISM" 64 Emory L.J. 677, lexis) C. Economic Development Many governments believe that by forcing companies to localize data within AND aggregating data across borders. We discuss the impacts on these trends below.

Economic decline causes nuclear war
(Geoffrey, "The East Moves West: India, China, and Asia's Growing Presence in the Middle East," p. 233-4)//BB The second scenario, called Mayhem and Chaos, is the opposite of the first AND expected, with dire consequences for two-thirds of the planet's population.
 * Kemp 10** – Director of Regional Strategic Programs at The Nixon Center, served in the White House under Ronald Reagan, special assistant to the president for national security affairs and senior director for Near East and South Asian affairs on the National Security Council Staff, Former Director, Middle East Arms Control Project at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

Our impact has a strong statistical basis
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict AND such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views.
 * Royal 10** — Jedidiah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, M.Phil. Candidate at the University of New South Wales, 2010 ("Economic Integration, Economic Signalling and the Problem of Economic Crises," Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, Edited by Ben Goldsmith and Jurgen Brauer, Published by Emerald Group Publishing, ISBN 0857240048, p. 213-215)

NSA surveillance is crushing U.S. cloud-computing – decks competitiveness and spills over to the entire tech sector
by U.S. firms, gaining market share in the process.
 * Donohue 15 – Professor of Law, Georgetown Law and Director, Center on National Security and the Law, Georgetown Law (Lauren, HIGH TECHNOLOGY, CONSUMER PRIVACY, AND U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY, Symposium Articles, 4 Am. U. Bus. L. Rev. 11 p.15-18, 2015, Hein Online)//JJ**
 * I. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF NSA PROGRAMS The **NSA programs**, and public awareness of **
 * AND**

The best and newest research confirms the link
Marthews and Tucker, 15 – * National Chair at Restore the Fourth AND **PhD in economics and professor of Marketing at MIT (Alex and Catherine, "Government Surveillance and Internet Search Behavior", 29 April 2015, file:///C:/Users/17GGonzalez/Downloads/SSRN-id2412564%20(2).pdf)//gg This study is the first to provide substantial empirical documentation of a chilling effect, AND potential for effects of government surveillance practices on commercial outcomes and international competitiveness.

That undermines US global technological leadership
Castro and McQuinn 15, Daniel Castro works at the Center for Data Innovation, Government Technology, The Information Technology & Innovation Foundation, worked at the U.S. Government Accountability Office, went to Carnegie Mellon. Alan McQuinn works at the Federal Communications Commission, previously had the Bill Archer Fellowship at the University of Texas, (June 2015, "Beyond the USA Freedom Act: How U.S. Surveillance Still Subverts U.S. Competitiveness", file:///C:/Users/Mark/Downloads/2015-beyond-usa-freedom-act.pdf)//AK CONCLUSION When historians write about this period in U.S. history it could AND . government enable its tech industry to effectively compete in the global market.

Tech leadership is the primary driver of hegemony –
So what accounts for America's transformative capacity? AND primarily) a commercial matter—even when the NSS "goes commercial.
 * Weiss 14 – Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia, Professor Emeritus in Government and International Relations at the University of Sydney, Honorary Professor of Political Science at Aarhus University. (Linda, America Inc.?: Innovation and Enterprise in the National Security State, Cornell University Press, 4/1/14, p. 1-3)//JJ**
 * NSS=National Security State**

A loss of US Heg would lead to massive destabilization and nuclear war.
[Brooks, Stephen G., Ikenberry, G. John, Wohlforth, William C., STEPHEN G. BROOKS is Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College. G. JOHN IKENBERRY is Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University in Seoul. WILLIAM C. WOHLFORTH is Daniel Webster Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, Foreign Affairs, "Lean Forward", Jan/Feb2013, Vol. 92, Issue 1, Academic Search Complete, accessed 7-4-13, AA] Of course, even if it is true that the costs of deep engagement fall AND to Asia. Yet that is exactly what the Obama administration is doing.
 * Ikenberry, **International Affairs Professor at Princeton, Brooks, Associate Professor of Government at Brooks, Dartmouth government professor, et al**., 13**

Half a century of peace proves our impact and retrenchment fails.
Today, however, Americans seem overwhelmed by the difficulty and complexity of it all AND waiting in the wings to save the world if this democratic superpower falters.
 * Kagan, 14** – [Robert Kagan, PhD in American Diplomatic History from American University, Masters of Public Policy from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, Senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, 5-24-2014, New Republic, Superpowers Don't Get to Retire: What our tired country still owes the world, http://www.newrepublic.com/article/117859/allure-normalcy-what-america-still-owes-world] Jeong

Cloud computing is key to solves climate modeling
Boyce, 10 [Eric, technical writer and user advocate for The Rackspace Cloud, September 14, 2010 http://www.rackspacecloud.com/blog/2010/09/14/the-future-of-cloud-computing-the-big-25-in-the-next-25/] The promise of the cloud isn't just about gaming and the ability to safely store AND power will provide better predictions of climate change and more rapid early warning systems

Key to warming adaptation
Pope, 10 [ Vicky Pope is the head of climate science advice at the Met Office Hadley Centre, " How science will shape climate adaptation plans," 16 September 2010, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/cif-green/2010/sep/16/science-climate-change-adaptation] Some would argue that the demand for information on how climate change will affect our AND will be used to underpin sensible adaptation decisions which will determine our future.

Global Warming causes extinction
Anthony Barnosky, a professor in the Department of Integrative Biology, curator at the Museum of Paleontology and a paleoecologist at the Museum of Vertebrae Zoology at the University of California, Berkeley, "Preventing the Sixth Mass Extinction Requires Dealing With Climate Change," November 11, 2014, Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/anthony-d-barnosky/preventing-the-sixth-mass_b_6161284.html/NV Last week the United States and China signed a landmark agreement to combat climate change AND come and go and vary from place to place, extinction is forever.
 * Barnosky 14**

FCC oversight of the NSA curtails bulk internet surveillance and enforces targeted surveillance that excludes domestic users. FCC technical expertise and transparency prevent circumvention
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) IV. HOW THE FCC SHOULD ADDRESS THE NSA SURVEILLANCE: IMPLEMENTING THE SOLUTION Congress AND to the oversight of the NSA and Congress should pursue codifying this solution.

FCC public visibility, expertise in communication tech, and data analysis curb overreaching and boost public and industry confidence in privacy protection
Healey, 14 - J.D. Candidate, The George Washington University Law School (Audra, "A Tale of Two Agencies: Exploring Oversight of the National Security Administration by the Federal Communications Commission", FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS LAW JOURNAL Vol. 67, December) C. The FCC mission can be naturally expanded to protect privacy in relation to AND agency particularly well-suited to provide helpful insights to the FISA Court.

Federal restriction is key – the NSA is back dooring encryption.
Kehl 14 - Danielle Kehl is a Policy Analyst at New America's Open Technology Institute (OTI) (Danielle, "Surveillance Costs: The NSA's Impact on the Economy, Internet Freedom & Cybersecurity", New America's Open Technology Institute, https://www.newamerica.org/downloads/Surveilance_Costs_Final.pdf//DM) In addition to influencing standards-setting bodies, the NSA also goes straight to AND compromised both security and privacy in a failed attempt to improve security."281

Independently: Cloud computing is key to effective space situational awareness – a robust detection and tracking system is key to resolve current challenges.

 * Johnston et al 13 – Ph.D. with the Computational Engineering and Design Group (CED) at the University of Southampton, MEng degree in Software Engineering from the School of Electronics and Computer Science, Senior Research Fellow for the Faculty of Engineering and the Environment at University of Southampton (Steven, Neil O'Brien – Senior Technical Recruiter at Colloco Search, Hugh Lewis – Astronautics Research Group at the University of Southampton, PhD, Elizabeth Hart – School of Engineering Science at Southampton University, Adam White – School of Engineering Science at Southampton University, Simon Cox – professor of Computational Methods and Director of the Microsoft Institute for High Performance Computing, PhD, Clouds in Space: Scientific Computing using Windows Azure, Journal of Cloud Computing, 2013, http://www.journalofcloudcomputing.com/content/pdf/2192-113X-2-2.pdf)//JJ**
 * Space situational awareness Within the last two decades, the downstream services pro**
 * AND**
 * -based architecture for space surveillance and tracking, algorithm development and comparison.**
 * -based architecture for space surveillance and tracking, algorithm development and comparison.**

Asteroid strikes are likely and cause extinction
Casey, 6/30/15 – environmental, scientific, and technological reporter for CBS News (Michael, "On Asteroid Day, raising awareness that Earth could get hit again", CBS News, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/asteroid-day-raising-awareness-earth-could-be-hit-by-asteroids/, //11) "Asteroids are the only natural disaster we know how to prevent and protecting our AND out any time because we just don't know enough about what's out there."

Debris and satellite collisions deck readiness and missile-response capabilities – nuclear war
created by the simultaneous loss of multiple satellites due to space debris collisions.** **
 * Imburgia 11 – B.S. United States Air Force Academy, J.D. University of Tennessee College of Law, LL.M. The Judge Advocate General's Legal Center & School, Judge Advocate in the United States Air Force, legal exchange officer to the Directorate of Operations and International Law (Joseph, Space Debris and Its Threat to National Security: A Proposal for a Binding International Agreement to Clean Up the Junk, Volume 44 of Vanderbilt Journal Transnational Law, p. 608-610, 2011, **http://www.vanderbilt.edu/jotl/manage/wp-content/uploads/Imburgia-FINAL-CR-pdf.pdf)//JJ
 * These gloomy prognostications about the threats to our space environment should be troubling to Americans**
 * AND**

2NRs: Psychoanalysis, States CP+Ptix DA