Tyler+Kotler+&+Simon+Jillson

__** AFFIRMATIVE **__

__1AC 1 - North Korea Sanctions__ Plan ==== The United States federal government should negotiate an agreement with the People’s Republic of China to not deploy the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system in Northeast Asia if the People’s Republic of China agrees to fully enforce United Nations sanctions against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. ====

__Advantage 1- North Korea__

North Korea is developing warheads and delivery systems that destabilize the region escalate every conflict and risk nuclear miscalculation. Allowing development to continue ensures nuclear war.
McLennon ‘16 McLennon, Garth. (Hudson Institute, his writing focuses primarily on American foreign policy) "Needle in a Haystack: How North Korea Could Fight a Nuclear War | 38 North: Informed Analysis of North Korea." 38 North Informed Analysis of North Korea RSS. Sponsored by The U.S.-Korea Institute at SAIS, The Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, 13 June 2016. Web. 09 July 2016. . __Sinceits__ January 6 __testof__ what was claimed to be __a hydrogen bomb__ and AND __through scenario-based analysis that is fully cognizant of the above factors__ __.__

Nuclear development must be halted soon- delay makes it impossible to reverse
Mitchel B. Wallerstein, 12/18/20 15 (deputy U.S. assistant secretary of defense for counterproliferation policy from 1993 to 1997 and the current President of Baruch College), WASHINGTON POST, Ignoring North Korea’s nuclear threat could prove to be a dangerous mistake, Dec. 18, 2015. from https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-price-of-inattention-to-north-korea/2015/12/18/a3eb5308-9d3b-11e5-8728-1af6af208198_story.html?tid=a_inl It is too easy to dismiss as bluster the near-constant stream of threats AND each weapon in the event that they needed to be secured or destroyed.

China not fully enforcing sanctions- North Korea is still importing banned items
Elizabeth Shim, 5/11/ 16 (Journalist focusing on global Asian cultures for United Press International), North Korea keeps importing banned components from China, analyst says UPI http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2016/05/11/North-Korea-keeps-importing-banned-components-from-China-analyst-says/3631462990916/?spt=sec&or=tn __North Korea continues to import components from China that could go toward nuclear weapons development__ AND __international sanctions__. __Trade appears to be growing despite new bans__.

THAAD deployment destroys Chinese support for sanctions enforcement.
Panda 7/8 /16 (Ankit Panda - editor at The Diplomat. He writes on security, politics, economics, and culture. – “It's Official: The United States and South Korea Agree to Deploy THAAD” – 7/8/16 - http://thediplomat.com/2016/07/its-official-the-united-states-and-south-korea-agree-to-deploy-thaad/)/TK Speaking earlier this year __, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said that the X-__ __AND__ years, Pyongyang has shown recent signs of trying to improve bilateral ties.

China is key to the success or failure of sanctions
Julian Ryall, 4-13-20 16, "Is North Korea finally close to collapse?," Deutsche Welle, http://www.dw.com/en/is-north-korea-finally-close-to-collapse/a-19183141 __If international sanctions are to work, much will depend on China, which has__ __AND__ member of the International Coalition to Stop Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea.

Effective sanctions block North Korean nuclear and missile development programs.
Snyder, 2016 Senior Fellow at Korea Studies [Scott A Snyder, April 2016, National Committee On American Foreign Policy, A U.S.-ROK-China dialogue on North Korea’s Nuclear Stalemate: Update, Review, and Assessment, [], July 10 2016, KC] __Experts believe North Korea now has 10 to 20 nuclear weapons and Pyongyang has mastered__ __AND__ threaten, intimidate, or blackmail its neighbors and adversaries in a crisis.

NoKo Prolif risks a Korean War which threatens the entire planet.
Peter Hayes, & Michael Hamel- Green, 2009 (Honorary Professor, Center for International Security Studies & professor in social sciences in the College of Arts at Victoria University Melbourne) The Path Not Taken, The Way Still Open: Denuclearizing The Korean Peninsula And Northeast Asia, Dec. 14, 2009. Retrieved Apr. 24, 2016 from http://apjjf.org/-Peter-Hayes/3267/article.html __The consequences of failing to address the proliferation threat posed by__ the __North Korea__ developments AND __threat but a global one__ that warrants priority consideration from the international community.

NoKo nuclearization means sale of nuclear material on the global arms market – risks terrorist bomb usage
Maxwell 11 Col. David S. Maxwell, USA, is Chief, Strategic Initiatives Group, US Army Special Operatoins Command; a fellow at the Insititute of Korean-American Studies; sits on the board of advisors for Small Wars Journal, and is a member of the faulty at the National War College (Maxwell, David S. “Irregular Warfare on the Korean Peninsula. ” Confronting Security Challenges on the Korean Peninsula. Marine University Press; 2011. Print.) DD In addition to the nuclear program, other __weapons of mass destruction [WMDs]__ __AND__ of the regime will overseas contacts as a source of funding and leverage.

Nuclear terror leads to extinction
Myhrvold 14 - chief executive and founder of Intellectual Ventures and a former chief technology officer at Microsoft

Nathan P, Strategic Terrorism: A Call to Action, cco.dodlive.mil/files/2014/04/Strategic_Terrorism_corrected_II.pdf Technology contains no inherent moral directive—it empowers people, whatever their intent, good or evil. This has always been true: when bronze implements supplanted those made of stone, the ancient world got scythes and awls, but also swords and battle-axes. The novelty of __our present situation is that__ modern __technology can provide small groups of people with much greater lethality than ever before. We__ now have to __worry that private parties might gain access to weapons that are as destructive as__ — __or__ possibly __even more destructive than—those held by any nation-state. A handful of people__, perhaps __even a single individual, could have the ability to kill__ millions or even __billions.__ Indeed, __it is possible__ , from a technological standpoint, __to kill every man, woman, and child on earth__. __The gravity of the situation is so extreme that getting the concept across without seeming silly or alarmist is challenging__. Just thinking about the subject with any degree of seriousness numbs the mind. The goal of this essay is to present the case for making the needed changes before such a catastrophe occurs. The issues described here are too important to ignore. __Failing nation-states—like North Korea__ — __which possess nuclear weapons potentially pose a nuclear threat__. Each new entrant to the nuclear club increases the possibility this will happen, but this problem is an old one, and one that existing diplomatic and military structures aim to manage. __The__ newer and less understood __danger arises fromthe increasing likelihood thatstateless groups, bent on terrorism, will gain access to nuclear weapons__, most likely by theft from a nation-state. Should this happen, __the danger we now perceive to be coming from rogue states will pale in comparison. The ultimate response to a nuclear attack is a nuclear counterattack__. Nation states have an address, and they know that we will retaliate in kind. Stateless groups are much more difficult to find which makes a nuclear counterattack virtually impossible. As a result, they can strike without fear of overwhelming retaliation, and thus they wield much more effective destructive power. Indeed, in many cases the fundamental equation of retaliation has become reversed. __Terrorists often hope to provoke reprisal attacks on their own people__, swaying popular opinion in their favor. __The aftermath of 9/11 is a case in point. While it seems likely that Osama bin Laden and his henchmen hoped for a massive overreaction from the United States, it is unlikely his Taliban hosts anticipated the U.S. would go so far as to invade Afghanistan__. Yes, al-Qaeda lost its host state and some personnel. The damage slowed the organization down but did not destroy it. Instead, the stateless al-Qaeda survived and adapted. The United States can claim some success against al-Qaeda in the years since 9/11, but it has hardly delivered a deathblow. Eventually __, the world will recognize that stateless groups are more powerful than nation-states because terrorists can wield weapons and mount assaults that no nationstate would dare to attempt.__ So far, they have limited themselves to dramatic tactical terrorism: events such as 9/11, the butchering of Russian schoolchildren, decapitations broadcast over the internet, and bombings in major cities. Strategic objectives cannot be far behind.

Haystacking makes THAAD ineffective at stopping nuclear strikes
Garth McLennan, 6-13-20 16 , (Hudson Institute, his writing focuses primarily on American foreign policy) "Needle in a Haystack: How North Korea Could Fight a Nuclear War," 38 North (38 North is a project of the U.S.-Korea Institute at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), Johns Hopkins University), http://38north.org/2016/06/gmclennan061316 __Such a strategy would greatly challenge American and South Korean missile defense networks while also__ __AND__ __the ROK with the problem of leakage in any attempt to intercept them__ .

New sanctions make it harder for North Korea to build nuclear weapons.
Choe Sang-Hun and Edward Wong 2016 (Pulitzer Prize-winning South Korean journalist, & American journalist and a foreign correspondent for The New York Times) BOSTON GLOBE, Feb. 26, 2016. Retrieved Apr. 23, 2016 from https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/world/2016/02/26/doubts-asia-over-whether-new-sanctions-against-north-korea-can-work/ptfdGOiberUkznz4FI1IxI/story.html Still, __the proposed sanctions__, especially mandatory inspections of all cargo, __would make__ __AND__ the list of luxury goods countries are banned from selling to the North.

China says yes - Backing down on THAAD is the only one to get China on board for sanctions against North Korea.
Michael Casey, 2016 (staff writer) NATIONAL INTEREST, Ignore China and Deploy THAAD to South Korea, Apr. 17, 2016. Retrieved Apr. 23, 2016 from http://nationalinterest.org/feature/ignore-china-deploy-thaad-south-korea-15810 __The United States has a range of options to respond to the North Korean threat__ __AND__ retaliate by deploying additional military assets to the East and South China Seas.

__Advantage 2- South Korea__

THAAD deployment will destroy China-South Korea relations
Tiezzi 2/25/ 16 (Shannon Tiezzi - Editor at The Diplomat. Her main focus is on China, and she writes on China’s foreign relations, domestic politics, and economy. Shannon previously served as a research associate at the U.S.-China Policy Foundation, where she hosted the weekly television show China Forum. She received her A.M. from Harvard University and her B.A. from The College of William and Mary. Shannon has also studied at Tsinghua University in Beijing – “China Warns THAAD Deployment Could Destroy South Korea Ties 'in an Instant'” – 2/25/16 - http://thediplomat.com/2016/02/china-warns-thaad-deployment-could-destroy-south-korea-ties-in-an-instant/)/TK __China’s ambassador to South Korea__ recently __warned__ the opposition Minjoo Party of __Korea__ (MPK AND  __will have a direct impact on China’s national security interests,” Hua added.__

China-South Korea Relations key to South Korean trade exports and promoting stability
BBC 14 (BBC Worldwide Monitoring – “Chinese president hopes to inject vitality into ties with South Korea” – 7/4/14 - http://www.lexisnexis.com.proxy.lib.umich.edu/hottopics/lnacademic/)/TK __"China-South Korea relations are facing__ an opportunity of __great development__ . To AND  __, but also a stabilizer to regional and world peace__ ," Xi said.

Exports, especially to China, are key to the SoKo economy
The Economist 15 ( The Economist - an English-language weekly newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited in offices based in London – “Why a big slump in South Korea’s exports matters” – 9/1/15 - http://www.economist.com/news/business-and-finance/21662952-steepest-year-drop-trade-2009-mark-sagging-global-demand-why-big-slump)/TK __NEW trade figures from South Korea__ on September 1st __surprised__ even the gloomiest of __economic__ __AND__ __components, which make up the bulk of South Korea’s exports to China.__

As long as SoKo’s economy remains strong, it is key to solving climate change - has the stance to lead the world by promoting green growth
O’Donnell 15 (Jill Kosch O’Donnell – an independent writer with a special interest in energy policy. She holds an M.A. in International Relations and Economics from the Johns Hopkins University Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies – “How Korea Can Lead on Climate Change” – 11/24/15 - http://blogs.cfr.org/asia/2015/11/24/how-korea-can-lead-on-climate-change/)/TK __Korea’s approach to climate change falls under a broader set of policies known as “__ __AND__ __there, and will continue to be long after the diplomats leave Paris.__

Green growth is the simple solution to climate change
Pollin 15 (Robert Pollin - a Distinguished Professor of Economics and co-director of the Political Economy Research Institute at the University of Massachusetts–Amherst – “Think We Can’t Stabilize the Climate While Fostering Growth? Think Again.” – 10/27/15 - https://www.thenation.com/article/think-we-cant-stabilize-the-climate-while-fostering-growth-think-again/)/TK __There is no escaping the conclusion that we are playing Russian roulette with the environment__ __AND__ __In its essence, this is the entire global green-growth program.__

South Korea is prepared and wants to lead the process
Schmidt 15 (Jake Schmidt - directs National Resources Defense Council’s International program with a team of experts and partners working on climate change, clean energy, biogems, and sustainable development in India, Latin America, Canada, and at the international level. Schmidt holds a bachelor's degree in economics from Muhlenberg College and a M.P.P. in environmental policy, with a certificate in ecological economics from the School of Public Policy at the University of Maryland – “South Korea Announces Climate Target in Advance of Paris Climate Agreement” – 6/30/15 - https://www.nrdc.org/experts/jake-schmidt/south-korea-announces-climate-target-advance-paris-climate-agreement)/TK __South Korea formally proposed that it will cut its emissions to 37 percent below business__ __AND__ __. Each of these steps earned them praise as a global climate leader.__

Anthropogenic warming causes extinction – IPCC and scientist consensus
Hannam and Snow 14 (Peter Hannam - Environment Editor at The Sydney Morning Herald. He covers broad environmental issues ranging from climate change to renewable energy for Fairfax Media. Deborah Snow - senior writer with The Sydney Morning Herald and a former federal political reporter for the Australian Financial Review – *Article cites IPCC report* – “Climate change could make humans extinct, warns health expert” – 3/31/14 - http://www.smh.com.au/environment/climate-change/climate-change-could-make-humans-extinct-warns-health-expert-20140330-35rus.html)/TK __The Earth is warming so rapidly that unless humans can arrest the trend, we__ __AND__ __for key sowing stages near or below 35 degrees__ __, the report said.__

Warming is a threat multiplier – exacerbates multiple scenarios for conflict
Barron-Lopez 14 (Laura Barron-Lopez – Congressional reporter at the Hill - *Article sights Pentagon report* - “Pentagon: Climate change a national security threat” - 10/13/14 - http://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/220575-pentagon-unveils-plan-to-fight-climate-change)/TK __The Pentagon is integrating climate change threats into all of its "plans, operations__ __AND__  the first comprehensive one-stop plan from the Pentagon on the issue.

South Korea’s green leadership can spill over globally
Feffer 15 (John Feffer - director of Foreign Policy In Focus at the Institute for Policy Studies. He is the author of several books and numerous articles. He has been an Open Society Foundation Fellow and a PanTech fellow in Korean Studies at Stanford University. He is a former associate editor of World Policy Journal. He has worked as an international affairs representative in Eastern Europe and East Asia for the American Friends Service Committee – “Can a Green Asia Lead the World?” – 12/9/15 - http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/can-a-green-asia-lead-the-world_us_56684863e4b0cc4a8e5abaf2)/TK __South Korean President Park Geun-Hye has made a very public commitment to shrink__ __AND__ __Green in a big way, then there’s hope yet for the world.__

Korea has the ability and the desire to lead in climate change solutions and shape global climate action – economic growth comes first, though
Patel and Lee 15 (Toral Patel - a program officer with The Asia Foundation’s Environment Program, based in San Francisco. Sunmee Lee - a program officer at The Asia Foundation’s Korea Office. The Asia Foundation is a nonprofit international development organization committed to improving lives across a dynamic and developing Asia – “Korea’s Leadership in Climate Action” – 12/9/15 - http://asiafoundation.org/2015/12/09/koreas-leadership-in-climate-action/)/TK In a departure from previous UN climate talks, the Conference of the Parties ( AND  already recognized – __will be critical in developing effective, lasting__ local __strategies__.

__Paris agreement and current climate strategies aren’t enough – tech development can solve and there is still time to mitigate the effects__
Goldenberg 5/11 /16 (Suzanne Goldenberg - the US environment correspondent of the Guardian and is based in Washington DC. She has won several awards for her work - Article cites head of the United Nations climate science panel and leader of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change – “UN climate science chief: it's not too late to avoid dangerous temperature rise” – 5/11/16 - https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/may/11/un-climate-change-hoesung-lee-global-warming-interview)/TK __The head of the United Nations climate science panel has declared it is still possible__ __AND__ __be ramped up fast to hold down the costs of the energy transition.__

A strong economy is key to ensuring SoKo continues expanding their middle power influence
Bradford 15 ( Colin I. Bradford - Former chief economist at the U.S. Agency for International Development– “South Korea as a Middle Power in Global Governance: “Punching Above Its Weight” Based on National Assets and Dynamic Trajectory” – June 2015 - *PDF version can be found online by copying and pasting article title into Google* - http://www.cfr.org/asia-and-pacific/middle-power-korea/p36623)/TK Today, __as a result of its economic vigor, South Korea has achieved the__ __AND__ __“deep bench” of international__ __¶__ __leaders is essential for the future__.

South Korean middle power status bolsters norms to solve cyber-terror
Kim Sung-han, 2013 (Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of Korea) Global Governance and Middle Powers: South Korea’s Role in the G20, Retrieved June 9, 2016 from [] Likewise, outside the G20 framework, __South Korea has exercised diplomatic leadership that befits__ __AND__ __in October 2013 to contribute to global consensus building on norms in cyberspace__.

Cyber-terrorism risks nuclear war
Andrew Futter, 2016 (Department of Politics & International Relations, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK) War Games redux? Cyberthreats, US–Russian strategic stability, and new challenges for nuclear security and arms control, European Security, 25:2, Retrieved June 9, 2016 from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09662839.2015.1112276 __The nightmare scenario is that a terrorist group__, a so-called lone- AND command and control systems launching the weapon ... (a highly unlikely scenario).

__Advantage 3 China__

Recent SCS ruling puts US-China miscalc on the brink, failure to de-escalate tensions result in US china war
CNN __7/13/__ 16 “Has South China Sea ruling set scene for next global conflict?” http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/13/asia/south-china-sea-global-conflict-risks/index.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+cnn%2FCVMu+(CNN+Top+Stories) Risk of miscalculation Ashley Townshend, research fellow at the U.S. Studies AND __the verdict and demonstrate that it had no intention of changing its position__.

THAAD kills relations- prevents diplomatic resolution of SCS disputes.
Gamel, 2016 a Senior Correspondent for Stars and Stripes [Kim Gamel, July 10, 2016, Korean Penninsula Tensions Raise Stakes for Regional Security, Stars and Stripes, [], July 11, 2016 KC] SEOUL, South Korea — __Already-high tensions spiked on the Korean Peninsula__ as AND __China, Russia and North Korea are likely to be strengthened.”__

Conflict in SCS goes nuclear
Polina Tikhonova 2015 (is a writer, journalist and a certified translator Master's Degree in English Philology from the University of Oxford and a Bachelor's Degree in Journalism from the Saint Petersburg State University) [] “US Faces Nuclear War Threat Over South China Sea – Chinese Professor” __China is willing to start a__ [|__nuclear war__] __with the United States over the South__ __AND__ __reputation or human lives__, for the U.S.,” Baohui wrote.

THAAD destroys multilat relations and causes prolif – multilat filters conflict
Jing 12 (“Missile Issues in East Asia” The Nonproliferation Review; Zhong Jing is a fellow at the National Defense University, Beijing, China; summer 2012, https://www.nonproliferation.org/wp-content/uploads/npr/92jing.pdf - LK) It is ironic that the nonproliferation regime, whic Imu'til' ¶ United States took so AND __of U.S. and South__ __¶__ __Korean relations with North Korea.__

Extinction risks are underestimated—trumps everything else Bostrom 12 - Professor of Philosophy at Oxford (Nick, directs Oxford's Future of Humanity Institute, Interview with Ross Andersen, correspondent at The Atlantic, 3/6, “We're Underestimating the Risk of Human Extinction”, [] Bostrom, who directs Oxford's Future of Humanity Institute, has argued over the course AND
 * eliminating poverty or curing malaria__, which would be tremendous under ordinary standards. __**

=1AC 2 - AIIB AFF=

1ac China Rise Adv
====China’s rise is inevitable --- U.S. failure to __seek membership__ in the AIIB sends the signal that it doesn’t want to integrate China into global economic governance and crushes America’s ability to shape the global order==== Wyne, 15 --- contributing analyst at Wikistrat, and a global fellow with the Project for the Study of the 21st Century (4/7/15, Ali, “The American World Order and China’s New Bank,” [], article downloaded on 5/3/16, JMP) The United States has sensibly declared its intention to rebalance towards //the Asia-Pacific// AND //writ large// —than, respectively, excluding China and shunning its efforts.

U.S. concerns over __Chinese governance__ prevents efforts to positively __reform__ the AIIB and facilitate multilateralism and __deep cooperation__ with China
Edwards & Qahir, 15 --- *Associate Professor of Diplomacy and International Relations, Seton Hall University, AND **Diplomacy graduate student at Seton Hall (4/6/15, Martin & Katayon, “US should stop blocking China’s AIIB and join allies in new club,” [], article downloaded 4/23/16, JMP) China’s growing economic clout is complicating US efforts to maintain its grip on the world’s AND //route for deepening cooperation between the US and// the People’s Republic of //China//.

====Engaging on the AIIB is critical --- it’s the focal point for China’s expanded international role and flexible negotiations - cooperation will help resolve Myanmar conflict and spillover to solve all other conflicts==== Noori, et. al, 15 --- Program Specialist, Middle East & North Africa Programs at United States Institute of Peace (8/24/15, Maral Noori, Daniel Jasper and Jason Tower, “Overcoming Barriers to U.S.-China Cooperation,” [], downloaded on 4/21/16, JMP) In 2011, U.S. president Barack Obama announced plans to "pivot AND //. cooperation. Development lending could prove a minimally politically sensitive testing ground.//

The suspicious atmosphere allows military conflict to erupt at any time --- joining the AIIB allows both sides to __manage competition__ to prevent war
Shambaugh, 15 – professor of political science and international affairs at George Washington University, and a nonresident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution (David, “In a fundamental shift, China and the US are now engaged in all-out competition,” South China Morning Post, 6/11/15, [] //Red+JMP)// // The relationship between the //U// nited //S// tates and China has rightly been described as //the most AND //__a marriage in which divorce is not an option.__//Divorce means war.//

South China Sea conflict goes nuclear
Christensen 6/5/ 15 – Thomas J., Boswell professor of world politics and director of the China and the World Program at Princeton University, is a former U.S. deputy assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, “China's Rising Military: Now for the Hard Part” http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2015-06-05/china-s-rising-military-now-for-the-hard-part One reason for this is that no consensus exists in East Asia on the territorial AND conditions in which a technologically superior foe attacks crucial targets with conventional weapons.

Independently, China will be forced to turn to __aggressive military__ actions without a bilateral AIIB – plan enhances overall multilateral relations
Lipscy, 15 --- Assistant Professor of Political Science and the Thomas Rohlen Center Fellow, Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University (5/7/15, Phillip Y., “Who's Afraid of the AIIB; Why the United States Should Support China's Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank,” [], downloaded 4/23/16, JMP) When China first proposed creating the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) in 2013 AND encourage, not discourage, Chinese foreign policy initiatives such as the AIIB.

Multilateralism is an impact filter – increased relations between the great powers deters all conflict
AND contributed to the crisis; all will be involved in the solution.24
 * Herd 10 ** (Graeme P., Head of the International Security Programme, Co-Director of the International Training Course in Security Policy, Geneva Centre for Security Policy, “Great Powers: Towards a “cooperative competitive” future world order paradigm?,” in //Great Powers and Strategic Stability in the 21st Century//, 2010, p. 197-198)
 * __Given the absence of immediate hegemonic challengers to the US__**** ( ** or a global strategic

Failure to recalibrate U.S. __economic policy__ toward diplomatic solutions with China risks miscalculation that triggers great power conflict
Wyne, 15 --- contributing analyst at Wikistrat and a global fellow at the Project for the Study of the 21st Century (6/1/15, Ali, “Is America’s Mind-set the Greatest Threat to Its Future?” [], article downloaded 5/3/16, JMP) *Joseph Nye is a professor at the Harvard Kennedy School and one of the most esteemed analysts of world affairs** Nye suggests that the greatest threat to U.S. influence may not be AND //world order.”// Here’s to hoping that the //U//nited //S//tates heeds that judgment.

Ensuring __peaceful rise__ is necessary to prevent World War 3 --- lack of engagement on AIIB has wrecked U.S. leadership
Lehmann, 15 --- Emeritus Professor at IMD, Lausanne (Switzerland), currently Visiting Professor at Hong Kong University and at NIIT University in Neemrana, Rajasthan (India) (4/2/15, Jean-Pierre Lehmann, “China And The US: The AIIB Fiasco &amp; America's Colossal Loss Of Face,” http://www.forbes.com/sites/jplehmann/2015/04/02/china-and-the-us-the-aiib-fiasco-americas-colossal-loss-of-face/print/, article downloaded 6/14/16, JMP) It is very worrying for the world that American policy makers should be capable of AND us hope the appropriate lessons are learned. Pax Americana is still needed.

1ac Plan + Solvency --- Join AIIB
====Plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its diplomatic and economic engagement with the People’s Republic of China over the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank with the purpose of joining the bank.====

U.S. should engage China to join the AIIB --- allows it to exert net more influence
Knight, 15 --- Faculty Director of the SIS Honors Program and Assistant Professor at American University's School of International Service and expert on international political economy (4/3/15, Sarah Cleeland Knight, “The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank – Three Questions for Sarah Cleeland Knight,” [], article downloaded 5/11/16, JMP) A growing number of countries are joining the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank AND best, working quietly with China, to ensure that it actually does.

The plan will rebalance the relationship with China --- preventing a collision between the rising powers
Lee & Fullilove, 5/17/16 --- *President, East Asia Institute (South Korea), AND **Executive Director, Lowy Institute for International Policy (Australia) (Michael, “Crisis in Global Governance: A Conversation with Richard N. Haass and the Council of Councils,” [], article downloaded 5/30/16, JMP) LEE: And at the same time, you know, there is interesting AIIB AND does come back to leadership. MABRY: Mmm hmm. Excellent.

====U.S. involvement will allow AIIB to __safeguard its independence__ from China, develop __higher standards__ and __transparency__, reverse perception of containment and boost the credibility of its Asia rebalance==== Lazarus, 3/2/16 --- MA candidate at The Fletcher School, Tufts University (Leland, “Why the U.S. Should Embrace the AIIB; There are compelling reasons for the U.S. to join China’s new development bank,” [], article downloaded 4/24/16, JMP) China’s new Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) has been the source of considerable AND //improve the AIIB as a member, instead of opposing the bank altogether.//

The plan reverses the perception of hostility
Marston, 16 --- Southeast Asia analyst at a Washington, D.C., think tank (2/28/16, Hunter, “A Four-Point Plan for Reviving the U.S. Role in Asia,” [], article downloaded 5/3/16, JMP) Downplay the Current Mindset of Rivalry //The great challenge of the century for future// //AND// determine U.S. standing in the world in the Asian century.

U.S. participation in the AIIB ensures that China exercises constructive global leadership --- SQ sends the signal of containment
Bergsten, 15 --- director emeritus and senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics (3/15/15, Fred, “US should work with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank; Washington should sign up and bless the desire of its friends to join, writes Fred Bergsten,” [], article downloaded 5/2/16, JMP) China’s decision to create a new development bank for Asia is proving a highly divisive AND //world economy and capitalise on China’s growing willingness to exercise constructive global leadership//.

1. T- QPQ 2. T- Dip Engagement 3. T- Unconditional 4. Secrecy Counter Plan 5. Canada Counter Plan 6. South Korean Economic Deregulation Counter Plan 7. Cloud Computing Counter Plan 8. Track Two Counter Plan 9. Unification DA 10. Containment DA 11. Clinton- Elections DA 12. Inuit Peoples DA 13. Xi Good DA 14. Xi Bad DA 15. Japan DA 16. Pan Kritik 17. Spanos Kritik 18. Neoliberalism Kritik 19. Fem IR Kritik 20. Cyclical Assertion Paradox 21. Theory
 * __ NEGATIVE __**
 * I. off case arguements and on case offense in the 1NC **
 * A. Off Case **

1. Heidegger technocratic ontologies turn 2. De-Development Turn 3. Espionage Turn 4. Multilat Turn 5. THAAD Good Turn 6. Russia War Turn 7. Overfishing Turn 8. REMs Turn
 * B. Case Offense **

1. Secrecy CP w/ Unification DA 2. Cloud Computing CP w/ Clinton-Elections DA  3. Containment DA  4. Neoliberalism Kritik 5. Theory 6. Pan Kritik 7. Track Two CP w/ Clinton-Elections DA 8. De-Development Turn 9. Overfishing Turn
 * II. 2NR's **