Affirmative+-+Jasmine+and+Jessica

=1ac -- race census=

1ac
The Power to Discipline But power, needless to say, is at once affirmative AND nineteenth century, it was being replaced by something different: normal people."
 * The census has always been a powerful means of state surveillance—from its very inception, census-taking has been a means to maintain a violent social order**
 * Mezey, 3** – Professor of Law at Georgetown University (Naomi, "Erasure and Recognition: The Census, Race and the National Imagination", 97 Nw. U. L. Rev. 1701-1768 (2003) Northwestern University Law Review, 2003)//jml

**Specifically, racial categorization on the census is used to maintain a colonial order of racial exclusion**
State modernity and the impetus to categorize The significance of official state certification of collective AND gener- ally determined by language rather than physical traits (Brown 1996).
 * Kertzer and Arel, 2** - * PhD, Paul Dupee, Jr. University Professor of Social Science, Professor of Anthropology, and Professor of Italian Studies at Brown University **PhD, Associate Professor of Political Science and Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Ottawa, Canada (David and Dominique, "Census and Identity: The Politics of Race, Ethnicity, and Language in National Censuses," 2002)//jml

====**The categorization of racial identity on the census demands a static recognition based in the politics of state surveillance to crowd out alternative conceptions of cultural identity based in hybridity and mutuality**==== Furthermore. although these home countries were not direct colonies of the United States ( AND particular geographic space, nor ... tied to a single predetermined political position."
 * Torres 99** (maría de los Angeles. Maria is the director and professor of Latin American and Latino Studies at the University of Illinois in Chicago, she has a PhD in Political Science from the University of Michigan, "In the land of mirrors: Cuban exile politics in the United States," University of Michigan Press, 1999. pp. pp. 188-189, LB)

====**This hybridity is polyculturalism, the recognition that racial and cultural categories are not only socially constructed but also historically intertwined such that their state categorization is nothing but an arbitrary imposition of power. A polycultural understanding of race is a necessary check on colonial racism**==== This " racism with a distance" ignores our mulatto history, the long waves AND it forbids us to see culture as static and antiracist critique as impossible.
 * Prashad 2011** (vijay, director of the international studies program at trinity college, everyone was kung fu fighting: afro-asian connections and the myth of cultural purity, project muse, LB)

**No moral order is possible while racism is tolerated—ethics are meaningless without a prior rejection of it**
Memmi 2K (Albert, Professor Emeritus of Sociology @ U of Paris, Naiteire, Racism, Translated by Steve Martinot, p. 163-165) The struggle against racism will be long, difficult, without intermission, without remission AND . True, it is a wager, but the stakes are irresistible.

**Total elimination of racial categories on the census is necessary—reform isn't enough**
The U.S. Census Bureau announced that it wants to make a number AND is time for Congress to tell the Census Bureau to do the same.
 * CAPLAN 12** (Arthur Caplan is head of the division of medical ethics at New York University's Langone Medical Center, "Time to drop racial categories in census," Chicago Tribune, August 16, http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-08-16/site/ct-persepc-0816-race-20120816_1_racial-categories-race-and-ethnicity-questions-quadroons)

**There is no alternative to state engagement—we have to engage the policy details of the census to confront racist violence**
A more focused lens is necessary in order to examine how policy-makers propose AND bargaining and resources – and leads to the policy outcomes of these cases.
 * Thompson, 10** – PhD candidate (poli sci) at University of Toronto (Debra Elizabeth, "Seeing Like a Racial State: The Census and the Politics of Race in the United States, Great Britain and Canada" A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science, 2010)//jml

**Debates about identity, surveillance, and power must start with the census—state classification renders subjects into objects of observation and control**
In modem America, the census epitomizes the examination as an in- strument of AND in a way that leaves us lonely, isolated and mired in poverty.
 * Mezey, 3** – Professor of Law at Georgetown University (Naomi, "Erasure and Recognition: The Census, Race and the National Imagination", 97 Nw. U. L. Rev. 1701-1768 (2003) Northwestern University Law Review, 2003)//jml

====**Our strategy is distinct from colorblindness and multiculturalism, both of which have only served to circulate white supremacy—polyculturalism allows us to build on the limited successes scored against white supremacy to constitute more far-reaching resistance**==== Racism, like racialism, is not natural to human social relations. More specifically AND anti-racist and anti-capitalist alliances can be organized and cultivated.
 * Wendland 2003** (joe, peace activist in Michigan and Ohio and teaches in the Ethnic Studies Department at Bowling green State University. Chopping Through the Foundations of Racism With Vijay Prashad, http://www.frictionmagazine.com/imprint/books/kung_fu.asp, LB)

**Identity categories are in constant flux—ontologizing race only reinscribes violence**
Identity. When you begin making decisions and cutting it up, rules and names AND other 'wild zones' (Dalby 2001), one must have good instincts.
 * Hipwell, 4** - Department of Geography, College of Social Sciences, Kyungpook National University (William T., 'A Deleuzian critique of resource-use management politics in Industria' The Canadian Geographer 48, no 3 (2004) 356–377)//jml

**Reconceptualizing identity away from essentialism allows individuals to challenge the boundaries of identity**
In this article I have traced a progressive, theoretical evolution in the way North AND continually test, push, and redraw the boundaries of such hegemonic discourses.
 * Gosine, 2** - Professor in the Sociology department at Brock University, St. Catharines, ON (Kevin, Essentialism Versus Complexity: Conceptions of Racial Identity Construction in Educational Scholarship, 2002, Google Scholar)//jml

====**Words matter—our exposure of racial tradeoffs can help to disrupt white supremacy. The state is important but words on the census are proof that the circulation of categories in language also forms the social world in which we live**==== HARRIS 1994 (Angela, Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley, Boalt Hall School of Law, California Law Review, July) Discourse theory relies on a social constructionist understanding of the concepts "language" and AND 163 the concept with which, John Calmore says, CRT begins. 164

**Consequentialism is void of morality because it is overly concerned with state of affairs at the expense of evaluating ethics – prefer deontological methods.**
The fundamental challenge to consequentialism can be introduced by way of two claims. These AND argue in what follows that consequentialism loses both the battle and the war.
 * Hurley 11** [Paul, Professor of Philosophy at Claremont McKenna College, "Beyond Consequentialism", Oxford University Press, 6-10-11, Pg. 3-6]

**Government profiling yields zero societal benefits – there's only a risk it perpetuates racism**
Cox 08 – **Major, Civil Rights Activist,** http://majorcox.com/blog/2008/10/stop-asking-about-race-in-census/ **, 6/26/15 BRoche** In a recent column [1997], George Will of the Washington Post, makes AND such mundane human traits as skin color, hair texture and eye appearance.

=**1ac -- prisons**=

plan
The United States federal government should abolish its domestic prisons.

1ac
====**What does it mean to be a target? A threat? A criminal? The answer isn't as simple as black and white, but it's close. The United States security apparatus is intimately connected to surveillance and the desire to control, restrain, punish, and deter– the prison has become a literal and metaphysical cage for deviant bodies– this operates as a tactic of racialization which recreates the problem it attempts to solve**==== Surveillance, or the close observation of an individual or group under suspicion, is AND prison industrial complex in "solving" the problems generated by these inequities.
 * Herzing 2005** (Rachel, activist from the US with almost 20 years of organising experience, came to the forum and gave a talk about the work and politics of two US prison abolitionist organisations "Defending Justice - What Is The Prison Industrial Complex?" N.p., 2005. Web. 17 July 2015. http://www.publiceye.org/defendingjustice/overview/herzing_pic.html, LB)

====**The prison is no longer the savior from violence and lascivious activity – rather, it disproportionately targets black and brown bodies by threat inflation, unwarranted search and seizure, and assumptions of criminality. The Prison Industrial Complex is not perpetuated by racism, it IS racism**==== Almost two million people are currently locked up in the immense network of U. AND located in poor communities, is directly related to the prison "solution."
 * Davis 98** – former Professor at University of California, Los Angeles, PhD., Political and Social Activist (Angela, "Masked Racism: Reflections on the Prison Industrial Complex," http://www.colorlines.com/articles/masked-racism-reflections-prison-industrial-complex, Colorlines, Sept. 10, 1998, tony)

====**That process of racialization allows for white self-decriminalization at the expense of bodies of color – this pushes white illegality to the sideline and furthers the idea of the innocent white liberal subject and the brooding black Other**==== Martinot 10 — Instructor Emeritus at the Center for Interdisciplinary Programs at San Francisco State University (Steve "The Machinery of Whiteness: Studies in the Structure of Racialization," Temple University Press, pp. 20-23, 2010, tony) Having its origin in coloniality, "racialization" emerges from a history of criminality AND acts (for instance) represent "their race" (McIntosh 1997).

====**The steel bars of civil society bracket off the possibility for subjectivity and personhood. Instead, prisons re-establish the master/slave dialectic with the threat of repercussion — white "activism" is a ruse**==== Prisons are places of intense brutality, violence, and dehumanization.70 In his AND detained mentally decompensate, the odor of rot and acute despair palpable.87
 * McLeod 15** — Associate Professor, Georgetown University Law Center (Allegra, "Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice," UCLA Law Review, Number 1156, http://www.uclalawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/McLeod_6.2015.pdf, tony) **pronoun changes marked by brackets**

====**Unlike black bodies, this form of violence isn't relegated to the steel bars and concrete walls of the prison, rather, The justification of prisons is used to justify global United States Supremacy – the impact is endless violence as a result of codified whiteness and the globalization of the carceral state**==== White supremacist social, economic, and cultural formations organic to the United States— AND U.S. national formation, civil society building, and globality.
 * Rodriguez 8** — Professor and Chair of the Department of Ethnic Studies at UC Riverside, PhD. In Ethnic Studies from Berkeley (Dylan, "I Would Wish Death on You..." Race, Gender, and Immigration in the Globality of the U.S. Prison Regime," The Scholar and Feminist Online, "Borders on Belonging: Gender and Immigration, Issue 6.3, Summer 2008, tony)

**Our strategy is not reformism, nor is it a call for fixing a broken system — we demand a total destruction of prison society that permeates all aspects of life**
The U.S. prison industrial complex is not a broken system in need AND reforms have only made the prison industrial complex stronger and more durable.23
 * Herzing 2005** (Rachel, activist from the US with almost 20 years of organising experience, came to the forum and gave a talk about the work and politics of two US prison abolitionist organisations "Defending Justice - What Is The Prison Industrial Complex?" N.p., 2005. Web. 17 July 2015. http://www.publiceye.org/defendingjustice/overview/herzing_pic.html, LB)

**The affirmative combines ethical knowledge production and policy proposal to effectively challenge the status quo – pragmatism and radicalism are brought together in creative tension**
(Michael, Public sociology? Between heroic immersion and critical distance: Personal reflections on academic engagement with political life, csp.sagepub.com/content/28/3/320.full.pdf+html) In this sense there is an academic function that might AND governance and Wacquant's derided bureaucracies actually work.
 * Keith 8** – PhD, Anthro chair at Oxford

**The prison industrial complex should come first – the imperial nature of the PIC functions as an impact magnifier for any eruption of violence**
"Imperialism" may sound like the kind of rhetoric AND is a truly violent and harmful prison industrial complex.
 * David 8** (gilbert, "A SYSTEM WITH IN THE SYSTEM: THE PRISON INDUSTRIAL COM PLEX AND IMPERIALISM," Abolition Now! Ten Years of Strategy and Struggle Against the Prison Industrial Complex, ed. CR-10 Publications Collective, 2008, LB)

**Brick by brick, stone by stone – you have an obligation to tear down the walls of racial hierarchies that confine each one of us in our own prison of whiteness**
To study racism is to study walls. In every chapter of this book, we AND and building anti-racist institutions is the path to a racism-free society.
 * BARNDT 2k7** (Joseph-has been a parish pastor and an antiracism trainer and organizer for thirty years, much of the latter work being done with Crossroads Ministry, Chicago, which he directed for eighteen years; Director of Crossroads, a non profit organization "Understanding and Dismantling Racism: The Twenty-First Century Challenge To White America;" pp.219-220)

====**Refuse any ideology that demands the continuation of the prison system – white supremacy creates laws to capture any form of alterity that exists in our perfect world, working on helping people at an individual level is more beneficial for those encaged now – our discussion of this subject within an academic setting matters**==== An abolitionist approach that seeks to answer questions such AND to conquer drug addiction should be able to enter treatment programs.
 * Davis 2003** (Angela Y professor of history of consciousness at the University of California, Are Prisons Obsolete? New York: Seven Stories, 2003, http://www.feministes-radicales.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Angela-Davis-Are_Prisons_Obsolete.pdf, LB)

**Dismantling white supremacy comes before threats of extinction—-this radical break from 'business as usual' is critical to stop inevitable destruction of the planet**
(Lynice, "Revolutionary Suicide: Risking Everything to Transform Society and Live Fully", Tikkun, 28.4, doi: 10.1215/08879982-2367496) I'd like to present an alternative to conventional identity politics, one that AND in each of our lives, let's look at what we're up against.
 * Pinkard 13** - pastor, teacher, and healer in Oakland, California

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