GR+1AC+ISS

Plan
==== Plan: The United States federal government should invite the People’s Republic of China to participate as a partner on the International Space Station. ====

Coop
==== **Inviting China to the ISS solves broader space cooperation --- continued Chinese exclusion destroys international space partnerships** ==== After 40 years of intense, AND which could well be of // Chinese design //.
 * Bradley 13 ** [Mack A. Bradley, “The Space to Lead,” a thesis presented to the Washington University of St. Louis, Missouri, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, August 2013]

==== **Expanded space cooperation enables more effective data sharing --- that produces better models capable of anticipating solar flares and geomagnetic storms** ==== **Johnson-Freese 1**5 [Joan Johnson-Freese is a Professor of National Security Affairs at the U.S. Naval War College, “Found in Space: Cooperation,” October 9, 2015, [] ] The increasing U.S. propensity, AND critical space issues to go unaddressed. ==== **Solar flares are inevitable --- better forecasting is crucial to effectively adapt power grids to geomagnetic storms** ====
 * Stone 15 ** [Maddie, Gizmodo, “The US is Finally Heeding Warnings About a Monster Solar Storm,” October 30, 2015, [] ]

Space weather scientists at the N AND cannibalistic road warriors overnight.

**The impact is extinction**
**IBT 11** [ International Business Times, Solar Flare Could Unleash Nuclear Holocaust Across Planet Earth, Forcing Hundreds of Nuclear Power Plants Into Total Meltdowns, [] ]

What happens when there's no electricity AND very small fraction of the total population.

==== **US-China satellite cooperation crucial to ocean observation and climate models --- but anti-Chinese space collaboration precludes it** ==== **Freedman 1**3 [Andrew, “NOAA Criticized for Likely Satellite Gap and China Option,” September 23, 2013, [] ]

With a likely gap in critical AND partial loss of its fleet.

**Effective satellite data models are key to ocean ecosystem adaptation**
**McCauley 1**6 [Douglas, professor of marine biology at the University of California, Santa Barbara and an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow in the Ocean Sciences, “How Satellites and Big Data Can Help to Save the Oceans,” Yale Environment 360, [] ]

Yet a key question remains: AND snap pictures of law breaking at sea as it happens.

==== **The brink is now – acidification, warming and de-oxygenation all threaten to overwhelm ocean ecosystem resilience** ====
 * Young 14 ** [Grace, thesis submitted for a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical & Ocean Engineering at MIT, “Missiles & Misconceptions: Why We Know More About the Dark Side of the Moon than the Depths of the Ocean” 1/17, [] ]

The misconceptions that drove spending AND management before it is too late.

**It will end all life on the planet**

 * Dingle 11 ** [Sarah, reporter for ABC Radio Current Affairs, “Ocean heading for mass extinction, scientists warn”, ABC News, [], June 21, 2011]

Scientists are warning AND headquarters in New York this week.

**US-China space cooperation is key to Mars exploration—international support needed**
**IBT 15**, (International Business Times, Future Space Policy Is Built On International Cooperation: NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, [], 11/16/15)

NASA Administrator Charles Bolden says a manned mission // AND // // the better off we’ll be // ," Bolden said.

==== **The ISS is key --- only base for effective research that sustains space exploration and colonization** ====
 * Hauser and John 9 ** [Marty, VP, Washington Operations, Research and Analysis, and Mariel, research analyst at the Space Foundation, Space Foundation, 2009, “The International Space Station: Decision 2015,” [] ]

One of the most broadly recognized // AND // // future exploration endeavors //.

==== **Mars colonization key to solve extinction--- Earth is falling apart—Mars is the only place where humans can populate again** ==== **Orwig 15**,( Jessica Orwig has a Master of Science in science and technology journalism from Texas A&M University and a Bachelor of Science in astronomy and physics,5 Undeniable Reasons why Humans Should Go To Mars, [], 04/21/2015)

Establishing a permanent AND from destructive meteor impacts.

**__Try-or-die__ for space exploration**
__ Earth won’t always be fit __ AND who live off the Earth than on it.
 * Ben Austen 11 **, citing the Lifeboat Foundation and the Alliance to Rescue Civilization, contributing editor of Harper’s Magazine, “After Earth: Why, Where, How, and When We Might Leave Our Home Planet,” popular science, []

Solvency
==== **The plan solves – engaging China in space through the International Space Station spills over to enhance broader space cooperation and reverses the dangerous perception of a space arms race** ==== [|http://www.space.com/29671-china-nasa-space-station-cooperation.html#sthash.xuOfRk7T.dpuf] ] There's a growing debate over whether // AND // // way with China in space //.
 * David 15 ** [Leonard David, Space.com's Space Insider Columnist, “US-China Cooperation in Space: Is It Possible, and What's in Store?,” June 16, 2015,

==== **Positive engagement provides a foundation for a stronger overall relationship and reverses anti-Chinese sentiment amongst government planners – that allows cooperation on space weather modeling, satellite observation, and exploration** ====
 * Weeden 15 ** [Brian, Technical Advisor for Secure World Foundation and a former U.S. Air Force Officer with sixteen years of professional experience in space operations and policy, “An Opportunity to Use the Space Domain to Strengthen the U.S.-China Relationship,” September 9, 2015, [] ]

The U.S.-China relationship in space // AND // // relationships outside the military realm //.

==== **Current policy prevents the United States from cooperating with China in space – that risks accidental escalation from inevitable space accidents** ====
 * Fernholz 15 ** [Tim Fernholz, QZ, “NASA has no choice but to refuse China’s request for help on a new space station,” October 13, 2015, [] ]

The Martian has been praised as the rare AND received some of his training at the University of Southern California.

==== **China says yes --- the plan’s drastic shift in policy opens the ISS to genuine Chinese participation --- builds bridges in the space science community that ensure long-term multilateral cooperation** ====
 * Aliberti 15 ** [Marco, Resident Fellow at the European Space Policy Institute (ESPI), SIOI/ASI/CNR-ISGI Master on Space Policy and Institutions, Rome, master’s degree in International Relations of Asia and Africa, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Naples, // When China Goes To The Moon… //, Studies in Space Policy, Volume 11, edited by the European Space Policy Institute, Springer International Publishing: Switzerland, 2015, p. 237-240]

Up to now, the result of this AND the European posture.