Ali+&+Henry

Plan

The United States federal government should revise the Coastal Zone Management Act to: n mandate and issue one-stop permits for offshore wind power development where appropriate and feasible in all areas of the United States’ exclusive economic zone ; n require revisions to states' Coastal Zone Management Plans in accordance with this mandate; n increase incentives for offshore wind power development. Warming Climate change is anthropogenic and coming now – the most comprehensive data-sets are conclusive Green 13 – Professor of Chemistry @ Michigan Tech *John Cook – Fellow @ Global Change Institute, produced climate communication resources adopted by organisations such as NOAA and the U.S. Navy **Dana Nuccitelli – MA in Physics @ UC-Davis** AND 1% based on abstract ratings) __endorses the scientific consensus on AGW__.
 * Mark Richardson

Status quo is insufficient to solve for warming – it causes instability without drastic changes Stern 14 – Professor of Economics, chair of the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the LSE (Nicholas, “Climate change is here now and it could lead to global conflict,” The Guardian, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/feb/13/storms-floods-climate-change-upon-us-lord-stern)//BB// If we do not cut emissions, we face even more devastating consequences, as AND to make the transition to cleaner and more efficient forms of economic growth. Action now can __reverse warming__ Peters 12 - Center for International Climate and Environmental Research (Peer Reviewed Journal, Glen, “The challenge to keep global warming below 2 [deg]C, Glen P. Peters, Robbie M. Andrew, Tom Boden, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Corinne Le Quéré, Nature Climate Change, [])  On-going climate negotiations have recognized a “significant gap” between the current   AND   the goal of remaining below 2 °C will very soon become unachievable. US offshore wind development curbs carbon emissions – creates globalized modeling of renewables and generates 4 times the worlds needed electricity Thaler 12 - Professor of Energy Policy, Law & Ethics (Jeff, “FIDDLING AS THE WORLD BURNS: HOW CLIMATE CHANGE URGENTLY REQUIRES A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE PERMITTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS,” 42 Environmental Law Journal 1101) BB Unfortunately, as the economic and health costs from fossil fuel emissions have grown so   AND and Block Island in Rhode Island would likewise be shallow-water installations.

Offshore wind is comparatively the cleanest and most productive renewable energy Jensen 13 – partner in the Washington, DC office of Holland & Hart LLP (Thomas, et al, “From the 35th Public Land Law Conference: Balancing Act and Paradigm Shift: The Role of Public Lands in America's Energy Future: Oceans: Are Ocean Wind Turbines like Homesteads and Gold Mines and Railroads? A Public Lands Policy Question for the Climate Change Era,” 34 Pub. Land & Resources L. Rev. 93)//BB// The ocean wind resource in United States marine waters is estimated to be as large  AND   people, is unused and wasted as a tool to power our communities. Full-scale offshore wind would generate enough electricity for the entire country Levitan 13 - writes about energy, the environment, and health. His articles have been published by Scientific American, Discover, IEEE Spectrum, Grist, and others. In previous articles for Yale Environment 360, he has written about vehicle-to-grid technology for electric cars and cities' efforts to recycle food scraps and organic waste (Dave, “Will Offshore Wind Finally Take Off on U.S. East Coast?,” http://e360.yale.edu/feature/will_offshore_wind_finally_take_off_on_us_east_coast/2693/) BB “ The East Coast is the Saudi Arabia of offshore wind, because there is //AND// coasts in particular are windy spots with water depths that make development feasible.

Electricity-emissions reductions sufficiently solve global warming Akorede 12 - .F., Ph.D degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Universiti Putra Malaysia (H. Hizam,M.Z.A. Ab Kadir,I. Aris,S.D. BubaElectrical & Electronic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, “Mitigating the anthropogenic global warming in the electric power industry,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16.5)//BB// 5. Power industry's share of CO2 emissions To identify the most productive mitigation strategies  AND   of these possible mitigation techniques is discussed in turn in the following subsections. Warming leads to extinction – even in the best cases, adaption can’t solve Mazo 10 – PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA (Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122) BB The best estimates for global warming to the end of the century range from 2  AND //adaptation// to these extremes would mean profound social, cultural and political changes.

Even if some warming is inevitable, keeping it below 4 degrees avoids the worst impacts – warming is also anthropogenic Kim 12 – PhD in Anthropology @ Harvard, former president of Dartmouth, Now President of the World Bank (Jim Yong, “Turn Down the Heat,” p. ix)//BB// **__The 4°C scenarios are devastating__** : the inundation of coastal cities; **__increasing__** **__AND__** in mind. The World Bank Group will step up to the challenge. Independently, emissions cause ocean acidification – extinction Romm 12 – physicist and climate expert, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress (Joseph J., “Science: Ocean Acidifying so fast that it threatens humanity’s ability to feed itself”, 3/2/12; http://earthlawcenter.org/news/headline/science-ocean-acidifying-so-fast-it-threatens-humanitys-ability-to-feed-itself/)  The world’s oceans may be turning acidic faster today from human carbon emissions than they   AND   species goes extinct it’s gone forever. We’re playing a very dangerous game .” Warming triggers rapid methane release Song 11 – Pulitzer prize winning reporter for Inside Climate News (Lisa Mar 3, 2011, Accessed June 25, 2014. “Up to 40% of Gulf Oil Spill Was Potent Methane Gas, Research Shows” Inside Climate News http://insideclimatenews.org/author/lisa-song)  Another risk lies in the hydrates' contribution to climate change. __Hydrates keep methane out____ AND __ Leifer will return to the Arctic later in March to continue hydrate research. Rapid methane release causes extinction Aym 2010 [Terrence [] Doomsday Methane Bubble Rupture?: How the BP Gulf Disaster May Have Triggered a ‘World-Killing’ Event  Ryskin’s methane extinction theory Northwestern University‘s Gregory Ryskin, a bio-chemical   AND   ] All three warning signs are documented to be occurring in the Gulf. Heg US heg declining – revamping institutional leadership key to solve Venhaus 13 German PhD candidate at the Graduate School of Global Politics of the Freie Universität Berlin   (Marc, “POWER SHIFT TO THE EAST? AMERICAN HEGEMONY AND CHINA’S ASCENT IN TIMES OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL & MONETARY CRISES”, Graduate School of Global Politics, Academia.edu, file:  /Users/shrushtimehta/Downloads/Venhaus_Power_Shift_to_the_East-libre.pdf) In the aftermath of the financial crisis many scholars (e.g. see   AND    times of financial and monetary crisis are really sufficient to end US hegemony.

Strong domestic manufacturing key to maintain hegemony and stave off China Welsh 14 ,Editor, writer and social media consultant. He was the Managing Editor of [|FireDogLake] and the[|Agonist]. His work has also appeared at [|Huffington Post], [|Alternet], and [|Truthout] Ian Welsh, “How China Can End American Hegemony” 2014 MARCH 25 http://www.ianwelsh.net/how-china-can-end-american-hegemony/ I concentrate on manufacturing because it and resource extraction are the two things which really AND exactly what China needs to do to ensure its own prosperity and survival.

3 Internal Links to Hegemony First is Growth Offshore wind promotes fast US growth – employment, manufacturing N’dolo 10 – associate principal @ Camoin Associates (Michael and Bruce Bailey, “Offshore development can yield economic benefits,” North American Wind Power, Fall 2010)//BB// Economic opportunities Wind power is a job-creation engine//. According to the // AND  could provide installation capacity for a number of projects on the East Coast. Fast growth promotes US leadership and solves great power war Khalilzad 11 – PhD, Former Professor of Political Science @ Columbia, Former ambassador to Iraq and Afghanistan (Zalmay Khalilzad was the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992. "The Economy and National Security" Feb 8 http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad) BB Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe long-term threat to AND , hostile states would be emboldened to make aggressive moves in their regions.

Second is Fuel Sources The plan solves unemployment and diversifies fuel sources Schroeder 10 – J.D @ Berkeley, M.E.M., Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies (Erica, “Turning Offshore Wind On,” California Law Review, 98.5)//BB// Many of the most compelling benefits of offshore wind are similar to those of   AND   offshore," wind power could create 250,000 jobs by 2030.61   Independent energy control is key to maintain primacy  Padilla 10 – Harvard Graduate, former Intern @ White House office of Communications, Research Asst. @ Kennedy School of Government, Founder and CEO @ Saber Hoy Jonathan Padilla, “The Vanguard of Global Leadership: The Case for American Energy Independence in the 21st Century,” 2010, The last date cited in the article is 2-10-2010, http://www.gov.harvard.edu/files/Energy%20Independence%20-%20Padilla%20Final.pdf  "We become just by performing just actions, temperate by performing temperate actions,   AND   century is America's best shot at remaining at the vanguard of global leadership. Third is Environmental Leadership The US has the potential to remain an environmental leader- now is the time Steinberg, ‘11, an associate professor of political science and environmental policy at Harvey Mudd College in Claremont, California. His research focuses on global environmental politics, with a special interest in biodiversity conservation and the environmental policy of developing countries. In 2001, he published Environmental Leadership in Developing Countries, in which he explains how Costa Rica and Bolivia have become leaders in environmental conservation. Steinberg holds a M.P.A. from Harvard's Kennedy School and a Ph.D. from the University of California at Santa Cruz. Dr. Paul, “Dr. Paul Steinberg, Harvey Mudd College -Global Environmental Leadership”, http://wamc.org/post/dr-paul-steinberg-harvey-mudd-college-global-environmental-leadership The U.S. was once the trendsetter in areas like air and water   AND   and now is the time for US policy leadership at home and abroad. Green leadership maintains primacy --- weak and piecemeal measures will cause a collapse **Crawford** 2010/**2011** (Colin – J.D. Wake Forest University School of Law, Green Warfare: An American Grand Strategy for the 21st Century, Wake Forest Journal of Business and Intellectual Property Law, p. Lexis) The U// nited //S// tates is in desperate need of such farsighted leadership. This country is // AND  of its last industrial revolution while triggering a new one in the process. The pursuit of hegemony is inevitable, sustainable, and prevents great power war – US decline causes conflict escalation and global lashout Ikenberry, Brooks, and Wohlforth, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College and the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University in Seoul and the Daniel Webster Professor of Government at Dartmouth College , 13 (John Ikenberry, Stephen G. Brooks, William C. Wohlforth, January/February 2013, Foreign Affairs, “Lean Forward: In Defense of American Engagement” http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138468/stephen-g-brooks-g-john-ikenberry-and-william-c-wohlforth/lean-forward)  Of course, even if it is true that the costs of deep engagement fall   AND   an engaged and liberal leading power. The results could well be disastrous. War is inevitable in the status quo – States will always compete for regional status even when it is at their disadvantage – only unquestioned primacy stops it from escalating Wohlforth 9 - Professor of government at Dartmouth (William, “Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War” World Politics, 61:1, January, Project Muse)  Second, I question the dominant view that status quo evaluations are relatively independent   AND   ways that directly contradict their material interest in security and/or prosperity. There are hundreds of causes of conflict – hegemony deters and controls escalation by internalizing costs Moore 4 – Dir. Center for Security Law and Professor of Law @ University of Virginia, Editor of the American Journal of International Law (John Norton, “Solving the War Puzzle: Beyond the Democratic Peace,” pg. 41-43) If major interstate war is predominantly a product of a synergy between a potential nondemocratic   AND   in general, happens when levels of deterrence are dramatically increased or decreased? Solvency The lack of a strong and effective __federal mandate__ is a __key barrier__ blocking offshore wind development Schroeder, 10 --- J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law (October 2010, Erica, California Law Review, “Turning Offshore Wind On,” Vol. 98, No, 5, Lexis, JMP) III Current Regulatory Framework for Offshore Wind  Both state and federal governments share control   AND   rely. Cape Wind presents a compelling and frustrating illustration of this problem. Long-term incentives ensure that the supply chain follows on – fed support key Galluci 11 - Staff Reporter at InsideClimate News Honduras Contributor at Fodor's, Co-Editor & Reporter at The News, Newsroom Intern at Associated Press, Newsroom Intern at Columbus Business (Maria, “Never-Used Tax Credit Could Jumpstart US Offshore Wind Energy—if Renewed,” http://truth-out.org/news/item/4778:neverused-tax-credit-could-jumpstart-us-offshore-wind-energy%E2%80%94if-renewed)  Matt Kaplan, a North American wind analyst at IHS Emerging Energy Research , said AND way toward helping this industry develop in the United States," Grybowski said.  The plan maintains NEPA reviews to prevent environmentally destructive __over development__  Schroeder, 10 --- J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law (October 2010, Erica, California Law Review, “Turning Offshore Wind On,” Vol. 98, No, 5, Lexis, JMP) V The Coastal Zone Management Act: A Potential Solution  C. Suggested Revisions   AND   CZMA would encourage, as it would  discourage or prohibit environmentally harmful overdevelopment// . ¶ //

Pre-emption of state barriers solves empirics prove Thaler 12 – Visiting Professor of Energy Policy, Law & Ethics, University of Maine School of Law and School of Economics (Jeff, “FIDDLING AS THE WORLD FLOODS AND BURNS: HOW CLIMATE CHANGE URGENTLY REQUIRES A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE PERMITTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS,” Environmental Law, 42, Lexis) BB However, statutes expediting agency review of offshore wind projects ¶ solve only part of   AND an explicit goal in the ¶ states’ CZMPs under the revised CZMA .”272 =

NEG

1NC:
Military CP Nasa T/O DA Framework Pragmatic Warming Good HTF Midterms (GOP good) 23 States CP Apocalyptic Rhetoric K Cap K Consumption K Bioprospecting DA T-its T-non-military

2NR:
Apocalyptic Rhetoric HTF + Case D (OSW and Nuclear Shipping) Midterms + States Cp ( NOPP) Framework ( Earth Love Letters, Middle Passage-AfroPess) Military CP+ HTF (AUV) Cap K = =