Rachel+&+Andrew

toc HTF Contention One is the status quo First, transportation infrastructure is financed in one of two ways – through the general fund, or through increased revenue – Stimulus Programs finance through the general fund while failing to repair the Highway Trust Fund Artba 2k10 (American Road and Transportation Builders Association to the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform "The Contribution of the Federal Transportation Investment Programs to Fiscal Responsibility and Deficit Reduction," pg online @ [] //um-ef)// //Transportation Investment and User Financing When Congress created the National System of Interstate and Defense// //AND// //supporting a federal motor fuels excise increase to finance an expanded transportation improvements.// //Second, Congress just passed a MASSIVE transportation bill – it should have triggered your disads, but didn~’t fix the Highway Trust Fund// //Snyder 6/26// // (Tanya Snyder became Streetsblog~’s Capitol Hill editor in September 2010 after covering Congress for Pacifica and public radio. She lives car-free in a transit-oriented and bike-friendly neighborhood of Washington, DC., pg online @ [] //um-ef) Congressional leaders announced opaquely last week that they~’d "moved forward" on a deal AND that~’s a lot of complicated math just to avoid raising the gas tax.

Energy Policy
First, current Federal Energy Strategies fail – they impose market distortions, and ineffective constraints on private industry Turgeon 2k10 (Evan N. Turgeon, Legal Associate at the Cato Institute; J.D.University of Virginia School of Law 2009; B.A. Tufts University 2004, "Triple-Dividends: Toward Pigovian Gasoline Taxation," Journal of Land, Resources, %26 Envir onmental Law 2010, pg lexis//um-ef)// //The United States~’ current energy policies take an ineffective, piecemeal approach to addressing the// //AND// //illusion of good government "as they impoverish society as a whole." n44// //And, these Energy strategies gut U.S. Foreign Policy strategy – they ensure ineffective diplomatic leverage and lack of U.S. legitimacy// //Turgeon 2k10// // (Evan N. Turgeon, Legal Associate at the Cato Institute; J.D.University of Virginia School of Law 2009; B.A. Tufts University 2004, "Triple-Dividends: Toward Pigovian Gasoline Taxation," Journal of Land, Resources, %26 Envir onmental Law 2010, pg lexis //um-ef) C. Foreign Policy Detriment In 1828, James Madison expressed his fear that insufficient AND policies. n60 International law detrimental to the United States~’ interests may result. That lack of legitimacy ensures Nuclear and CBW War Dr. Barlow 2k2 (Jeffrey, March, Director of the Berglund Center for Internet Studies, holds the Matsushita Chair of Asian Studies at Pacific University, Ph.D. in history from UC Berkeley, 2K2, "American Power, Globalism, and the Internet: Editorial Essay", The Journal of Education, Community and Values, http://bcis.pacificu.edu/journal/2002/03/editorial.php%236) Much of Nye~’s analysis is intended to make a relatively simple point: That the AND their international goals acting alone."14 The uproar, both domestic and international But effective Multilateralism – led by the United States Solves – prevents multiple triggers for conflict and destruction Dr. Zakaria 2k8 (Fareed, Ph.D. in Government from Harvard University, %26 editor of Foreign Affairs magazine %26 Newsweek Internationa %26 professor of IR and political philosophy at Harvard and Columbia University, "Wanted: A New Grand Strategy", 12/8/08, [] ) The "Global Trends" report identifies several worrying aspects of the new international order AND reshape the world. This is his moment. He should seize it.

And, specifically new CAFE regulations are coming – Greene 6/28 (Michael, "34.1 MPG CAFE Standards for 2016 Upheld by U.S. Court of Appeals" http://www.treehugger.com/cars/341-mpg-cafe-standards-2016-upheld-us-court-appeals.html//HH)// //The 2012-2016 Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards, better known under the acronym// //AND// //by how much. The can then figure out what solution works best.// //They~’ll collapse job growth and the Auto Sector// //Brownfield 11// // (Mike, "How Will Obama~’s EPA Regulations Affect the Auto Industry?", http://www.askheritage.org/how-will-obamas-epa-regulations-affect-the-auto-industry //HH) Say goodbye to cars and trucks as you know them. Say hello to a AND a single representative year, and to 10 times that many serious injuries." And, Auto Recovery is essential to U.S. Economic recovery – the auto industry will drive other sectors and ensure job growth U.S. News 2k12 ("Is the U.S. Auto Industry on Track for a Comeback?," pg online @ [] //um-ef)// //More than three years after bad management, a swooning global economy, and foreign// //AND// //in what they~’re selling. That~’s going to be hard for the Japanese."// //And, a weak economy causes conflict – all empirical analysis goes our way//

//Royal 10 – Jedediah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, (Economic Integration, Economic Signaling and the Problem of Economic Crises, Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, ed. Goldsmith and Brauer, p. 213-215) // //Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline may increase the likelihood of external conflict// //AND// //As such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views//

//Finally, an increased gas tax is the transition method – it transforms U.S. foreign policy and re-energizes U.S. Diplomacy// //Turgeon 2k10// // (Evan N. Turgeon, Legal Associate at the Cato Institute; J.D.University of Virginia School of Law 2009; B.A. Tufts University 2004, "Triple-Dividends: Toward Pigovian Gasoline Taxation," Journal of Land, Resources, %26 Envir onmental Law 2010, pg lexis //um-ef) Significantly increasing federal taxes on gasoline would generate results vastly superior to those produced by AND is the pen mightier than the sword; it is cheaper to use.

Deficits
First, the deficit is on an unsustainable path – now is the CRITICAL time to re-orient policies to stave-off a new debt tragedy Council on Foreign Relations 3/2 /12 ("U.S. Deficits and the National Debt," pg online @ [] //um-ef)// //At some point in the not-too-distant future, analysts say,// //AND// //sustainability of an active U.S. foreign policy," he says.// //And, Congress has two options for the future – increased revenue generation, or deficit spending – only new revenue ensures Fiscal Responsibility// //Artba 2k10// // (American Road and Transportation Builders Association to the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform "The Contribution of the Federal Transportation Investment Programs to Fiscal Responsibility and Deficit Reduction," pg online @ [] //um-ef) For more than 50 years, the federal highway, public transportation and airport investment AND transportation investment through fiscally responsible and budget-neutral user taxes and levies. And, the plan is a KEY TEST for future budget debates – increasing revenue ensures a sustainable fiscal path Washington Post 3/7 ("A fiscal test for Congress," pg lexis//um-ef)// //Over the past year, many Republicans and Democrats in the Senate have indicated support// //AND// //avoid what Erskine Bowles called "the most predictable economic crisis in history"?//

//Lack of fiscal discipline means China will inevitably stop taking US bonds—causes Chinese economic and political instability// //Foster 09// // (J.D., Foster received his doctorate in economics from Georgetown University, his master~’s degree in economics from Brown University, and bachelor~’s degrees in economics and mathematics from the University of Colorado. "Will China Keep Buying Our Debt?", http://www.heritage.org/about/staff/f/j-d—foster //HH) Some suspect the Chinese are building financial leverage - that is, building a " AND This is how countries fix economic problems before they create a global meltdown. Causes Korean North-South conflict Perkinson 12 (Jessica, Falculty of The School of International Service of American University, "The Potential For Instability in the PRC: How The Doomsday Theory Misses the Mark", http://aladinrc.wrlc.org/bitstream/handle/1961/10330/Perkinson_american_0008N_10238display.pdf?sequence=1//HH)// //Though the potential consequences of Chinese political instability for the international community are grave and// //AND// //Korea, and possibly from a China sympathetic to the North Korean plight.// //Extinction// //Hayes and Hammel-Green 09// // (Peter, Michael; Peter Hayes is Professor of International Relations, RMIT University, Melbourne; and Director, Nautilus Institute, San Francisco, email phayes@nautilus.org. Michael Hamel-Green is Dean of and Professor in the Faculty of Arts, Education and Human Development, Victoria University, Melbourne, email michael.hamel-green@vu.edu.au-mailto:michael.hamel-green@vu.edu.au, "The Path Not Taken, The Way Still Open: Denuclearizing The Korean Peninsula And Northeast Asia", http://hnn.us/node/121366 //HH) The international community is increasingly aware that cooperative diplomacy is the most productive way to AND by no means clear how air-transported materials could similarly be intercepted.

First, U.S. Manufacturing is contracting – lack of sales and demand
(“U.S. manufacturing shrinks, 1st time in nearly 3 yrs,” pg online @ [] //um-ef) U.S. manufacturing- slowest rate in 18 months. (Andrew Herrmann, P.E. SECB, F.ASCE President American Society of Civil Engineers, Impact Of Infrastructure Investment On The Manufacturing Sector, pg lexis//um-ef) ASCE commends the - federal leadership in infrastructure ; (American Iron and Steel Institute, “AISI Public Policy Priorities – Promoting a Pro-Manufacturing Agenda,” pg online @ [] //um-ef) Transportation and Water Infrastructure -and research on improved gas mileage; (Mackenzie Eaglen, American Enterprise Institute Rebecca Grant, IRIS Research Robert P. Haffa, Haffa Defense Consulting Michael O'Hanlon, The Brookings Institution Peter W. Singer, The Brookings Institution Martin Sullivan, Commonwealth Consulting Barry Watts, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments “The Arsenal of Democracy and How to Preserve It: Key Issues in Defense Industrial Policy January 2012,” pg online @ [] //um-ef) The current wave of defense cuts is -in a globalized marketplace. (Senior Fellow @ The Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments (Barry D, “The US Defense Industrial Base, Past, Present and Future,” CBA, __http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20081015._The_US_Defense_In/R.20081015._The_US_Defense_In.pdf__) Since the 1950s, __-since the 1950s__ . [Dr. Nick, Dept. Phil @ yale, “Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards,” www.transhumanist.com/volume9/risks.html/] A much greater - will encounter in the 21st century . (Michael Lind is policy director of New America’s Economic Growth Program and a co-founder of the New America Foundation. Joshua Freedman is a program associate in New America’s Economic Growth Program. “Value Added: America’s Manufacturing Future,” pg online @ http://growth.newamerica.net/sites/newamerica.net/files/policydocs/Lind,%20Michael%20and%20Freedman,%20Joshua%20-%20NAF%20-%20Value%20Added%20America%27s%20Manufacturing%20Future.pdf //um-ef) Manufacturing, R&D and the U- in 2007 to 50 percent by 2020.33 (Mark, Professor of Political Science – Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “The Politics of Technological Change: International Relations versus Domestic Institutions”, 4-1, http://www.scribd.com/doc/46554792/Taylor)
 * Reuters 7/3**
 * And, surface transportation investment is CRITICAL to U.S. Manufacturing – props up dependent industries**
 * Hermann 2k11**
 * And, investment in HIGHWAY transportation infrastructure is particularly critical – ensures long-term growth of Steel and the Manufacturing base**
 * AISI 2k12**
 * And, manufacturing capabilities key to technology necessary for U.S. deterrence**
 * O’Hanlon et al 2k12**
 * Defense industrial base deters war with Russia**
 * Watts 2k8**
 * Extinction**
 * Bostrum ‘02**
 * All levels of manufacturing and R&D are interconnected – a sustainable manufacturing base in the U.S. is critical to Advanced Manufacturing and R&D**
 * Lind 2k12**
 * Independently, that innovation solves great power wars**
 * Taylor 2k4**

Technological innovation is - would not exist in the first place (Chuck, 66th Air Base Wing Public Affairs for the US Air Force, 8-10-09, “Technology convergence could prevent war, futurist says,” http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123162500) The convergence of "exponentially-even if people don't know it.
 * And, advanced manufacturing technology will make war IMPOSSIBLE**
 * Paone 2k9**

Solvency
The plan solves – establishing a price floor sends a signal for renewable energy development, while increasing revenue for transportation infrastructure Abelkop 2k9 (Adam, J.D., University of Iowa College of Law, 2010; B.A., Wake Forest University, PHd Student @ Univ of Indiana, "Why the Government Should Drink Your Milkshake: The Case for Restructuring the Federal Gas Tax," The Journal of Corporation Law Winter, 2009, 35 Iowa J. Corp. L. 393 pg lexis//um-ef)// //Congress should enact legislation to restructure the federal gasoline tax to better internalize the external// //AND// //any single use, but should be allocated as the government deems appropriate.// //The plan kills damaging CAFE Standards and transitions away from government interventions into the market// //Krauthammer 2k9// // (Charles, American Pulitzer Prize–winning syndicated columnist, political commentator, and physician, McGill University degree in political science and economics, Commonwealth Scholar in politics at Balliol College, Oxford, Doctor of Medicine from Harvard Medical School "The Net-Zero Gas Tax; A once-in-a-generation chance," pg lexis //um-ef) So why even think about it? Because the virtues of a gas tax remain AND than undertaking the enormously complicated review and rewriting of fuel-efficiency regulations.