Chaney+&+Clara

1. Plan: The United States federal government should provide a long-term Investment Tax Credit and one-stop permitting for marine offshore wind energy development.

adv 1: warming Warming is real and anthropogenic Green 13 – Professor of Chemistry @ Michigan Tech *John Cook – Fellow @ Global Change Institute, produced climate communication resources adopted by organisations such as NOAA and the U.S. Navy Dana Nuccitelli – MA in Physics @ UC-Davis *Mark Richardson – PhD Candidate in Meteorology, et al., (“Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature,” Environmental Research Letters, 8.2)BB

An accurate perception...endorses the scientific consensus on AGW.

Even if some warming is inevitable, keeping it below 4 degrees avoids the worst impacts Kim 12 – PhD in Anthropology @ Harvard, former president of Dartmouth, Now President of the World Bank (Jim Yong, “Turn Down the Heat,” p. ix)BB

The 4°C scenarios are devastating... The World Bank Group will step up to the challenge.

Extinction Mazo 10– PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA (Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122)BB

The best estimates for global warming to the end of the century range from...would mean profound social, cultural and political changes.

Independently, emissions cause ocean acidification – extinction Romm 12– physicist and climate expert, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Senior Fellow at the Center for American Progress (Joseph J., “Science: Ocean Acidifying so fast that it threatens humanity’s ability to feed itself”, 3/2/12; http://earthlawcenter.org/news/headline/science-ocean-acidifying-so-fast-it-threatens-humanitys-ability-to-feed-itself/) The world’s oceans may be turning acidic faster today... We’re playing a very dangerous game.”

US offshore wind development curbs carbon emissions Thaler 12 - Professor of Energy Policy, Law & Ethics (Jeff, “FIDDLING AS THE WORLD BURNS: HOW CLIMATE CHANGE URGENTLY REQUIRES A PARADIGM SHIFT IN THE PERMITTING OF RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS,” 42 Environmental Law Journal 1101)BB Unfortunately, as the economic and health costs from fossil fuel emissions have grown so.. Rhode Island would likewise be shallow-water installations.

Offshore wind is comparatively the cleanest and most productive renewable energy Jensen 13 – partner in the Washington, DC office of Holland & Hart LLP (Thomas, et al, “From the 35th Public Land Law Conference: Balancing Act and Paradigm Shift: The Role of Public Lands in America's Energy Future: Oceans: Are Ocean Wind Turbines like Homesteads and Gold Mines and Railroads? A Public Lands Policy Question for the Climate Change Era,” 34 Pub. Land & Resources L. Rev. 93)BB The ocean wind resource in United States marine ... tool to power our communities.

Full-scale offshore wind would generate enough electricity for the entire country Levitan 13 - writes about energy, the environment, and health. His articles have been published by Scientific American, Discover, IEEE Spectrum, Grist, and others. In previous articles for Yale Environment 360, he has written about vehicle-to-grid technology for electric cars and cities' efforts to recycle food scraps and organic waste (Dave, “Will Offshore Wind Finally Take Off on U.S. East Coast?,” http://e360.yale.edu/feature/will_offshore_wind_finally_take_off_on_us_east_coast/2693/)BB The East Coast is the Saudi ... water depths that make development feasible.

Electricity-emissions reductions sufficiently solve global warming Akorede 12 - .F., Ph.D degree in Electrical Power Engineering from Universiti Putra Malaysia (H. Hizam,M.Z.A. Ab Kadir,I. Aris,S.D. BubaElectrical & Electronic Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, “Mitigating the anthropogenic global warming in the electric power industry,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16.5)BB 5. Power industry's share of CO2 emissions .... possible mitigation techniques is discussed in turn in the following subsections.

adv 2 is hegemony Fast growth promotes US leadership and solves great power war Khalilzad 11 – PhD, Former Professor of Political Science @ Columbia, Former ambassador to Iraq and Afghanistan (Zalmay Khalilzad was the United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992. "The Economy and National Security" Feb 8 http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad)BB

Today, economic and fiscal trends pose the most severe ...emboldened to make aggressive moves in their regions.

Slow growth leads to hegemonic wars – relative gap is key Goldstein 7 - Professor of Global Politics and International Relations @ University of Pennsylvania, (Avery Goldstein, “Power transitions, institutions, and China's rise in East Asia: Theoretical expectations and evidence,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume30, Issue 4 & 5 August, EBSCO) Two closely related, though distinct, theoretical arguments...period prior to the possible crossover.19

States will inevitably compete for relative status – only primacy can prevent conflict
Wohlforth 9 - Professor of government at Dartmouth (William, “Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War” World Politics, 61:1, January, Project Muse) Second, I question the dominant view that status quo…interest in security and/or prosperity.

There are hundreds of causes of conflict – hegemony deters and controls escalation by internalizing costs
Moore 4 – Dir. Center for Security Law and Professor of Law @ University of Virginia, Editor of the American Journal of International Law (John Norton, “Solving the War Puzzle: Beyond the Democratic Peace,” pg. 41-43) If major interstate war is predominantly… deterrence are dramatically increased or decreased?

Offshore wind promotes fast US growth
N’dolo 10 – associate principal @ Camoin Associates (Michael and Bruce Bailey, “Offshore development can yield economic benefits,” North American Wind Power, Fall 2010)BB Wind power is a job-creation engine…//installation capacity for a number of projects on the East Coast.

Even limited energy production leads to quick growth
Sargent 12 (Rob Sargent, U.S. Poised to Join the Race on Offshore Wind: Lawmakers Must Commit to More Pollution-Free Energy”, http://www.environmentamerica.org/news/ame/us-poised-join-race-offshore-wind)//BB The Turning Point for Atlantic Offshore…energy and other efforts to secure buyers for this new source of reliable, clean energy.

The plan solves unemployment and diversifies fuel sources
Schroeder 10 – J.D @ Berkeley, M.E.M., Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies (Erica, “Turning Offshore Wind On,” California Law Review, 98.5)//BB Many of the most compelling benefits …create 250,000 jobs by 2030.61

A long-term investment tax credit catapults the offshore wind industry – transitions the US to a green economy
Sopko 13 – JD, former legislative council @ House of Reps (Nancy, “Offshore Wind Needs a Boost from Congress,” http://oceana.org/en/blog/2013/11/offshore-wind-needs-a-boost-from-congress-0)//BB Like so many of us, Oceana…the harder it will be to correct the damage we have done.

99.7% of studies prove ITC increases net price value of offshore wind projects
Wyman, 2013, graduate student at the University of Texas (Constance, “Why The ITC Matters for Offshore Wind”, NA Wind Power, Volume 10, Number 6, http://www.nawindpower.com/issues/NAW1307/FEAT_03_Why_The_ITC_Matters_For_Offshore_Wind.html) Over the last few years, there has been much discussion about….ITC is of greater value to the offshore wind industry

Only a federal mandate can guarantee the expansion of wind energy
Schroeder, 10 --- J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law (October 2010, Erica, California Law Review, “Turning Offshore Wind On,” Vol. 98, No, 5, Lexis, JMP) However, the Oceans Act and Ocean Management Plan…in state and local decision making.

Long-term incentives ensure that the supply chain follows on – fed support key
Galluci 11 - Staff Reporter at InsideClimate News Honduras Contributor at Fodor's, Co-Editor & Reporter at The News, Newsroom Intern at Associated Press, Newsroom Intern at Columbus Business (Maria, “Never-Used Tax Credit Could Jumpstart US Offshore Wind Energy—if Renewed,” http://truth-out.org/news/item/4778:neverused-tax-credit-could-jumpstart-us-offshore-wind-energy%E2%80%94if-renewed) Matt Kaplan, a North American wind analyst...will go a long way toward helping this industry develop in the United States," Grybowski said.

=neg= aff: seaborgs 1nc: queer anarchy, fw, case turns 2nr: fw

aff: auv's 1nc: nanotech da, theft da, DOD cp, t-mil 2nr: DOD cp